{"id":25557080,"date":"2023-03-23T15:00:07","date_gmt":"2023-03-23T09:30:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/?p=25557080"},"modified":"2024-10-16T16:03:18","modified_gmt":"2024-10-16T10:33:18","slug":"top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/","title":{"rendered":"Top 100 SQL query Interview Questions and Answers for 2024"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_79_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69e54df10cc3d\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69e54df10cc3d\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Basic_Level_SQL_Interview_Questions_2024\" >Basic Level SQL Interview Questions 2024<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q1_What_is_DBMS\" >Q1. What is DBMS?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q2_What_is_SQL\" >Q2. What is SQL?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q3_What_is_MySQL\" >Q3. What is MySQL?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q4_What_are_the_subsets_of_SQL_Explain_them\" >Q4. What are the subsets of SQL? Explain them.\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q5_What_is_the_primary_key\" >Q5. What is the primary key?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q6_What_is_a_foreign_key\" >Q6. What is a foreign key?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q7_What_is_RDBMS\" >Q7. What is RDBMS?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q8_What_are_the_features_of_MySQL\" >Q8. What are the features of MySQL?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q9_What_are_the_disadvantages_of_MySQL\" >Q9. What are the disadvantages of MySQL?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q10_What_are_the_differences_between_MySQL_vs_SQL\" >Q10. What are the differences between MySQL vs SQL?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q11_What_is_a_unique_key\" >Q11. What is a unique key?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q12_Explain_the_different_types_of_indexes_in_SQL\" >Q12. Explain the different types of indexes in SQL.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q13_What_is_the_difference_between_TRUNCATE_and_DELETE\" >Q13. What is the difference between TRUNCATE and DELETE?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q14_What_is_the_difference_between\" >Q14. What is the difference between:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q15_What_is_the_difference_between_CHAR_and_VARCHAR\" >Q15. What is the difference between CHAR and VARCHAR?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q16_What_is_a_subquery_in_SQL_What_are_the_different_types_of_subquery\" >Q16. What is a subquery in SQL?\u00a0What are the different types of subquery?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q17_What_is_collation_sensitivity\" >Q17. What is collation sensitivity?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q18_What_are_the_different_types_of_collation_sensitivity\" >Q18. What are the different types of collation sensitivity?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q19_What_is_a_%E2%80%9Cscheduled_job%E2%80%9D_or_%E2%80%9Cscheduled_task%E2%80%9D\" >Q19. What is a \u201cscheduled job\u201d or \u201cscheduled task\u201d?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q20_Can_you_name_different_types_of_MySQL_commands\" >Q20. Can you name different types of MySQL commands?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q21_Explain_different_DDL_commands_in_MySQL\" >Q21. Explain different DDL commands in MySQL.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q22_Explain_different_DML_commands_in_MySQL\" >Q22. Explain different DML commands in MySQL.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q23_Explain_different_DCL_commands_in_MySQL\" >Q23. Explain different DCL commands in MySQL.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q24_Explain_different_TCL_commands_in_MySQL\" >Q24. Explain different TCL commands in MySQL.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q25_What_are_the_different_types_of_Database_relationships_in_MySQL\" >Q25. What are the different types of Database relationships in MySQL?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q26_What_is_Normalization\" >Q26. What is Normalization?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q27_What_are_the_different_types_of_Normalization\" >Q27. What are the different types of Normalization?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q28_What_is_Denormalization\" >Q28. What is Denormalization?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q29_Is_MySQL_query_case-sensitive\" >Q29. Is MySQL query case-sensitive?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q30_How_many_TRIGGERS_are_allowed_in_the_MySQL_table\" >Q30. How many TRIGGERS are allowed in the MySQL table?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q31_What_are_the_different_column_comparison_operators_in_MySQL\" >Q31. What are the different column comparison operators in MySQL?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q32_What_syntax_can_we_use_to_get_a_version_of_MySQL\" >Q32. What syntax can we use to get a version of MySQL?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q33_What_is_Auto_Increment_in_SQL\" >Q33. What is Auto Increment in SQL?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q34_SQL_Server_runs_in_which_TCPIP_port_Can_it_be_changed\" >Q34. SQL Server runs in which TCP\/IP port? Can it be changed?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q35_Name_symmetric_key_encryption_algorithms_supported_in_the_SQL_server\" >Q35. Name symmetric key encryption algorithms supported in the SQL server.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#crack_your_career_with_full_stack_developer_course_online\" >crack your career with full stack developer course online !<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q36_What_is_Database_Relationship\" >Q36. What is Database Relationship?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q37_What_is_faster_between_a_table_variable_and_a_temporary_table\" >Q37. What is faster between a table variable and a temporary table?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q38_Mention_the_command_used_to_get_back_the_privileges_offered_by_the_GRANT_command\" >Q38. Mention the command used to get back the privileges offered by the GRANT command?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q39_What_is_a_Clause_in_SQL\" >Q39. What is a Clause in SQL?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-42\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q40_Explain_the_%E2%80%98WHERE_Clause_and_the_%E2%80%98HAVING_Clause\" >Q40. Explain the \u2018WHERE\u2019 Clause and the \u2018HAVING\u2019 Clause.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-43\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q41_Explain_the_SELECT_statement\" >Q41. Explain\u00a0the SELECT statement?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-44\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#crack_your_career_with_full_stack_developer_course_online-2\" >crack your career with full stack developer course online !<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-45\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q42_What_are_the_differences_between_the_%E2%80%98WHERE_Clause_and_the_%E2%80%98HAVING_Clause\" >Q42. What are the differences between the \u2018WHERE\u2019 Clause and the \u2018HAVING\u2019 Clause?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-46\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q43_How_to_find\" >Q43. How to find:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-47\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q44_What_is_a_constraint_and_how_many_levels_of_constraints_are_there\" >Q44. What is a constraint, and how many levels of constraints are there?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-48\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q45_What_are_the_authentication_modes_in_SQL_Server\" >Q45. What are the authentication modes in SQL Server?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-49\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q46_What_is_PLSQL\" >Q46.\u00a0 What is PL\/SQL?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-50\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q47_What_is_SQL_Profiler\" >Q47. What is SQL Profiler?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-51\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q48_What_is_the_SQL_Server_Agent\" >Q48. What is the SQL Server Agent?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-52\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q49_What_is_Data_Integrity\" >Q49. What is Data Integrity?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-53\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q50_What_is_the_difference_between_Rename_and_Alias\" >Q50. What is the difference between Rename and Alias?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-54\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q51_Which_are_the_main_steps_in_Data_Modeling\" >Q51.\u00a0 Which are the main steps in Data Modeling?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-55\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q52_What_is_Referential_Integrity\" >Q52. What is Referential Integrity?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-56\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q53_What_is_Business_Intelligence\" >Q53. What is Business Intelligence?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-57\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q54_Mention_the_types_of_privileges_available_in_SQL\" >Q54. Mention the types of privileges available in SQL?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-58\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q55_What_is_the_difference_between_a_clustered_and_non-clustered_index\" >Q55. What is the difference between a clustered and non-clustered index?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-59\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q56_What_is_ERD\" >Q56. What is ERD?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-60\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q57_How_will_you_find_the_unique_values_if_a_value_in_the_column_is_repeatable\" >Q57. How will you find the unique values, if a value in the column is repeatable?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-61\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#crack_your_career_with_full_stack_developer_course_online-3\" >crack your career with full stack developer course online !<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-62\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q58_Explain_database_white_box_testing\" >Q58. Explain database white box testing.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-63\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q59_Exhibit_the_students_who_are_having_the_same_batch_ID_and_study_in_the_same_department_as_student_ids_1002_and_1004\" >Q59. Exhibit the students who are having the same batch ID and study in the same department as student ids, 1002 and 1004.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-64\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q60_What_is_the_ACID_property_in_SQL\" >Q60. What is the ACID property in SQL?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-65\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q61_Explain_string_functions_in_SQL\" >Q61. Explain string functions in SQL?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-66\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q62_What_are_the_differences_between_the_Primary_key_and_the_Unique_key\" >Q62. What are the differences between the Primary key and the Unique key?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-67\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q63_Write_the_SQL_query_to_convert_the_string_to_UPPERCASE_and_LOWERCASE\" >Q63. Write the SQL query to convert the string to UPPERCASE and LOWERCASE.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-68\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q64_What_is_the_procedure_to_hide_a_specific_table_name_of_the_schema\" >Q64. What is the procedure to hide a specific table name of the schema?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-69\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q65_What_is_the_syntax_to_eliminate_duplicate_rows\" >Q65. What is the syntax to eliminate duplicate rows?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-70\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q66_Find_out_nth_highest_salary_from_emp_table\" >Q66. Find out nth highest salary from emp table?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-71\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q67_Name_the_encryption_mechanisms_in_the_SQL_server\" >Q67. Name the encryption mechanisms in the SQL server.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-72\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q68_What_is_the_procedure_to_pass_variables_in_a_SQL_routine\" >Q68. What is the procedure to pass variables in a SQL routine?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-73\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q69_Can_a_view_be_updatedinserteddeleted_If_yes_at_what_conditions\" >Q69. Can a view be updated\/inserted\/deleted? If yes, at what conditions?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-74\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q70_How_can_you_create_an_SQL_table_from_another_table_without_copying_any_values_from_the_old_table\" >Q70. How can you create an SQL table from another table without copying any values from the old table?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-75\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q71_Explain_what_is_an_inline_view\" >Q71. Explain what is an inline view?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-76\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q72_What_command_is_used_to_create_a_table_by_copying_the_structure_of_another_table\" >Q72. What command is used to create a table by copying the structure of another table?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-77\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q73_Mention_the_use_of_the_DROP_option_in_the_ALTER_TABLE_command\" >Q73. Mention the use of the DROP option in the ALTER TABLE command.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-78\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q74_What_are_the_aggregate_functions_in_SQL\" >Q74. What are the aggregate functions in SQL?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-79\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q75_Write_the_SQL_query_to_update_the_student_names_by_removing_leading_and_trailing_spaces\" >Q75. Write the SQL query to update the student names by removing leading and trailing spaces.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-80\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q76_Write_the_SQL_query_to_fetch_alternate_records_from_a_table\" >Q76. Write the SQL query to fetch alternate records from a table<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-81\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q77_How_do_you_return_a_hundred_books_starting_from_the_15th\" >Q77. How do you return a hundred books starting from the 15th?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-82\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q78_How_will_the_query_select_all_teams_that_lost_either_1_3_5_or_7_games\" >Q78. How will the query select all teams that lost either 1, 3, 5, or 7 games?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-83\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q79_How_will_you_delete_a_column\" >Q79. How will you delete a column?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-84\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q80_What_is_the_meaning_of_this_query_%E2%80%93_Select_User_name_User_isp_From_Users_Left_Join_Isps_Using_user_id\" >Q80. What is the meaning of this query \u2013 Select User_name, User_isp From Users Left Join Isps Using (user_id)?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-85\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#crack_your_career_with_full_stack_developer_course_online-4\" >crack your career with full stack developer course online !<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-86\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q81_How_will_you_see_all_indexes_defined_for_a_table\" >Q81. How will you see all indexes defined for a table?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-87\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q82_How_would_you_change_a_table_to_InnoDB\" >Q82. How would you change a table to InnoDB?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-88\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q83_Name_the_default_port_for_the_MySQL_server\" >Q83. Name the default port for the MySQL server.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-89\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q84_What_is_the_possible_way_to_add_five_minutes_to_a_date\" >Q84. What is the possible way to add five minutes to a date?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-90\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q85_What_is_the_possible_way_to_convert_between_Unix_timestamps_and_Mysql_timestamps\" >Q85. What is the possible way to convert between Unix timestamps and Mysql timestamps?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-91\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q86_How_do_you_implement_Enums_and_sets_internally_in_MySQL\" >Q86. How do you implement Enums and sets internally in MySQL?\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-92\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q87_How_can_we_restart_SQL_Server_in_the_single_user_or_the_minimal_configuration_modes\" >Q87. How can we restart SQL Server in the single user or the minimal configuration modes?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-93\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q88_What_is_the_use_of_the_tee_command_in_Mysql\" >Q88. What is the use of the tee command in Mysql?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-94\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q89_Is_it_possible_to_save_your_connection_settings_to_a_conf_file\" >Q89. Is it possible to save your connection settings to a conf file?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-95\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q90_How_to_convert_numeric_values_to_character_strings\" >Q90. How to convert numeric values to character strings?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-96\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q91_Use_mysqldump_to_create_a_copy_of_the_database\" >Q91. Use mysqldump to create a copy of the database?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-97\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q92_What_are_federated_tables\" >Q92. What are federated tables?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-98\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q93_What_are_the_different_groups_of_data_types_in_MySQL\" >Q93. What are the different groups of data types in MySQL?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-99\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#crack_your_career_with_full_stack_developer_course_online-5\" >crack your career with full stack developer course online !<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-100\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q94_What_is_the_procedure_to_concatenate_two_character_strings\" >Q94. What is the procedure to concatenate two character strings?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-101\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q95_What_is_the_procedure_to_change_the_database_engine_in_Mysql\" >Q95. What is the procedure to change the database engine in Mysql?\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-102\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q96_What_is_the_default_storage_engine_in_MySQL\" >Q96. What is the default storage engine in MySQL?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-103\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q97_What_is_COALESCE\" >Q97. What is COALESCE?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-104\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q98_What_syntax_is_used_to_create_an_index_in_MySQL\" >Q98. What syntax is used to create an index in MySQL?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-105\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q99_How_to_store_videos_in_an_SQL_Server_table\" >Q99. How to store videos in an SQL Server table?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-106\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#Q100_Explain_the_use_of_the_NVL_function\" >Q100. Explain the use of the NVL() function.\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>The top SQL interview questions are listed here. The comprehensive responses offered in this article will not only assist you in your interviews but will also equip you with a fundamental comprehension of many SQL and MySQL-related issues. This post will give you the 100 most typical SQL and MySQL interview questions to help you prepare for a SQL interview. This blog includes both fundamental and sophisticated SQL interview questions that might be asked of both inexperienced and experienced candidates. One of the key computer languages for interacting with different database systems is SQL. It is crucial to the data collection and analysis process. SQL proficiency is necessary for many different job roles, including data analysts, database administrators, and data architects. Both technical and non-technical people must possess this ability.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/course\/full-stack-developer-course\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Power up your career with Entri Elevate \u2013 Full Stack Development Course!<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"basic\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Basic_Level_SQL_Interview_Questions_2024\"><\/span><b>Basic Level SQL Interview Questions 2024<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q1_What_is_DBMS\"><\/span><b>Q1. What is DBMS?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The system software used to create and manage databases is referred to as a database management system (DBMS). In order to keep data consistently organized and accessible, it acts as an interface between databases and users or application programs. It enables database end users to create, read, edit, and delete data. Two categories of DBMS exist:<\/p>\n<p>RDBMS stands for Relational Database Management System, which stores data in relationships (tables). MySQL is an example. NoSQL databases, sometimes known as non-relational database management systems, include: It keeps information in a non-tabular format. Consider MongoDB.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q2_What_is_SQL\"><\/span><b>Q2. What is SQL?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>A database can be created, updated, and modified using the computer language SQL (structured querying language). It serves as the Relational Database System standard language. Being the industry standard database language, SQL is used by every RDMS including MySQL, MS Access, Oracle, and SQL Server.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q3_What_is_MySQL\"><\/span><b>Q3. What is MySQL?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The relational database management system (RDBMS) MySQL is an open-source RDBMS created and offered by Oracle Corporation. MySQL is compatible with a wide range of operating systems, including Windows, Unix, Linux, etc. It may be used to create a variety of applications. Often used for creating web applications, MySQL is renowned for its quickness, dependability, and versatility.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q4_What_are_the_subsets_of_SQL_Explain_them\"><\/span><b>Q4. What are the subsets of SQL? Explain them.\u00a0<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The following are the three subsets of SQL:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b>Data Definition Language (DDL)<\/b>\u00a0\u2013 It allows end-users to CREATE, ALTER, and DELETE database objects.<\/li>\n<li><b>Data Manipulation Language (DML)<\/b>\u00a0\u2013 With this, you can access and manipulate data. It allows you to Insert, Update, Delete, and Retrieve data from the database.<\/li>\n<li><b>Data Control Language (DCL)<\/b> \u2013 This lets you control access to the database. It includes the Grant and Revoking permissions to manipulate or modify the database.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q5_What_is_the_primary_key\"><\/span><b>Q5. What is the primary key?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Each row or record in a database table is uniquely identified by a primary key constraint. Unique values must be present in primary keys. The primary key column does not accept null values or duplicate values. There can only be one primary key per table. It could include one or more fields.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q6_What_is_a_foreign_key\"><\/span><b>Q6. What is a foreign key?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Two tables are connected via a foreign key, also known as the reference key. It consists of a column or group of columns whose values coincide with a primary key in another table. Because it uses the primary key of another table to make a connection between them, it functions as a cross-reference between tables.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q7_What_is_RDBMS\"><\/span><b>Q7. What is RDBMS?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>One of the most well-known database management systems is Relational Database Management System, or RDBMS, which is based on the relational database concept.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q8_What_are_the_features_of_MySQL\"><\/span><b>Q8. What are the features of MySQL?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>It is reliable and easy to use<\/li>\n<li>It supports standard SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/li>\n<li>MySQL is secure as it consists of a data security layer that protects sensitive data from unauthorized users<\/li>\n<li>MySQL has a flexible structure and supports a large number of embedded applications<\/li>\n<li>It is one of the very fast database languages<\/li>\n<li>It is a suitable database software for both large and small applications<\/li>\n<li>MySQL offers very high-performance results compared to\u00a0other databases<\/li>\n<li>It is supported by many well-known programming languages, such as PHP,\u00a0Java, and C++<\/li>\n<li>It is free to download and use<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" colspan=\"3\">\n<h5><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><strong>Are you aspiring for a booming career in IT? If YES, then dive in<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/course\/full-stack-developer-course\/\"><strong>Full Stack Developer Course<\/strong><\/a><\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/course\/python-programming-course\/\"><strong>Python Programming Course<\/strong><\/a><\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/course\/data-science-and-machine-learning-course\/\"><strong>Data Science and Machine Learning Course<\/strong><\/a><\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q9_What_are_the_disadvantages_of_MySQL\"><\/span><b>Q9. What are the disadvantages of MySQL?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>It is hard to make MySQL scalable<\/li>\n<li>It does not support a very large database size as efficiently<\/li>\n<li>MySQL does not support SQL check constraint<\/li>\n<li>It is prone to data corruption<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q10_What_are_the_differences_between_MySQL_vs_SQL\"><\/span><b>Q10. What are the differences between MySQL vs SQL?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"long\"><b>MySQL<\/b><\/td>\n<td class=\"long\"><b>SQL<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"long\">1. It is a relational database that uses SQL to query a database<\/td>\n<td class=\"long\">1. It is a query language<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"long\">2. MySQL supports multiple storage engines and plug-in storage engines<\/td>\n<td class=\"long\">2. SQL supports a single storage engine<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"long\">3. It is a database that stores the existing data in a database in an organized manner.<\/td>\n<td class=\"long\">3. SQL is used to access, update, and manipulate the data stored in a database<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"long\">4. Supports many platforms<\/td>\n<td class=\"long\">4. Supports only Linux and Windows<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"long\">5. It has a complex syntax<\/td>\n<td class=\"long\">5. It has a simpler syntax<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q11_What_is_a_unique_key\"><\/span><b>Q11. What is a unique key?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>A set of one or more table fields or columns known as a unique key is used to identify a record in a database table. A particular kind of unique key is a primary key.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/course\/full-stack-developer-course\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Experience the power of our web development course with a free demo &#8211; enroll now!<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q12_Explain_the_different_types_of_indexes_in_SQL\"><\/span><b>Q12. Explain the different types of indexes in SQL.<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>There are three types of indexes in SQL:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b>Unique Index \u2013\u00a0<\/b>It does not allow a field to have duplicate values if the column is unique indexed.<\/li>\n<li><b>Clustered Index \u2013<\/b>\u00a0This index defines the order in which data is physically stored in a table. It reorders the physical order of the table and searches based on key values. There can be only one clustered index per table.<\/li>\n<li><b>Non-Clustered Index \u2013<\/b>\u00a0It does not sort the physical order of the table and maintains a logical order of the data. Each table can have\u00a0more than one non-clustered index.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q13_What_is_the_difference_between_TRUNCATE_and_DELETE\"><\/span><b>Q13. What is the difference between TRUNCATE and DELETE?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"long\"><b>DELETE<\/b><\/td>\n<td class=\"long\"><b>TRUNCATE<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"long\">Delete command is used to delete a specified row in a table.<\/td>\n<td class=\"long\">Truncate is used to delete all the rows from a table.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"long\">You can roll back data after using the delete statement.<\/td>\n<td class=\"long\">You cannot roll back data.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"long\">It is a DML command.<\/td>\n<td class=\"long\">It is a DDL command.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"long\">It is slower than a truncate statement.<\/td>\n<td class=\"long\">It is faster.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q14_What_is_the_difference_between\"><\/span><b>Q14. What is the difference between:<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyColumn &lt;&gt; NULL<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE MyColumn IS NULL<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Because you cannot use scalar value operators with NULL, which stands for &#8220;no value,&#8221; the first syntax will not function. Because of this, SQL has a distinct IS-a NULL predicate.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q15_What_is_the_difference_between_CHAR_and_VARCHAR\"><\/span><b>Q15. What is the difference between CHAR and VARCHAR?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The character data types CHAR and VARCHAR both have fixed lengths for characters.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q16_What_is_a_subquery_in_SQL_What_are_the_different_types_of_subquery\"><\/span><b>Q16. What is a subquery in SQL?<\/b>\u00a0<b>What are the different types of subquery?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>An internal query is known as a subquery. When a query is contained within another query, the outer query is referred to as the main query and the inner query as a subquery. A subquery can be of two types:<\/p>\n<p>Correlated subquery: Before it executes, it retrieves values from its outer query. The outer query receives the results from the subquery after it has finished running.<br \/>\nUnrelated subquery: It runs separately from the main query. The outer query receives the results of the subquery&#8217;s execution before continuing. You can perform inner and outer queries independently.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q17_What_is_collation_sensitivity\"><\/span><b>Q17. What is collation sensitivity?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Among other criteria, accurate character order, case sensitivity, character width, and accent marks are taken into account while defining the rules for sorting and comparing character data strings.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q18_What_are_the_different_types_of_collation_sensitivity\"><\/span><b>Q18. What are the different types of collation sensitivity?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Accent sensitivity<\/li>\n<li>Case sensitivity<\/li>\n<li>Kana sensitivity<\/li>\n<li>Width sensitivity<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q19_What_is_a_%E2%80%9Cscheduled_job%E2%80%9D_or_%E2%80%9Cscheduled_task%E2%80%9D\"><\/span><b>Q19. What is a \u201cscheduled job\u201d or \u201cscheduled task\u201d?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Automated task management on regular or predictable cycles is possible with scheduled jobs or tasks. Administrative chores can be scheduled, and their priority can be chosen.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q20_Can_you_name_different_types_of_MySQL_commands\"><\/span><b>Q20. Can you name different types of MySQL commands?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Data Definition Language (DDL)<\/li>\n<li>Data Manipulation Language (DML)<\/li>\n<li>Data Control Language (DCL)<\/li>\n<li>Transaction Control Language (TCL)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/course\/data-science-and-machine-learning-course\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Get hands-on with our data science and machine learning course &#8211; sign up for a free demo!<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q21_Explain_different_DDL_commands_in_MySQL\"><\/span><b>Q21. Explain different DDL commands in MySQL.<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>CREATE \u2013 Used to create the database or its objects like table, index, function, views, triggers, etc.<\/li>\n<li>DROP \u2013 Used to delete objects<\/li>\n<li>ALTER \u2013 Used to change database structures<\/li>\n<li>TRUNCATE \u2013 It erases all records from a table, excluding its database structure<\/li>\n<li>COMMENT \u2013 Used to add comments to the data dictionary<\/li>\n<li>RENAME \u2013 Used to rename a database object<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q22_Explain_different_DML_commands_in_MySQL\"><\/span><b>Q22. Explain different DML commands in MySQL.<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>SELECT \u2013 Used to select specific database data<\/li>\n<li>INSERT \u2013 Used to insert new records into a table<\/li>\n<li>UPDATE \u2013 It helps in updating existing records<\/li>\n<li>DELETE \u2013 Used to delete existing records from a table<\/li>\n<li>MERGE \u2013 Used to UPSERT operation (insert or update)<\/li>\n<li>CALL \u2013 It is used when you need to call a PL\/SQL or Java subprogram<\/li>\n<li>EXPLAIN PLAN \u2013 Used to interpret data access path<\/li>\n<li>LOCK TABLE \u2013 Used to control concurrency<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q23_Explain_different_DCL_commands_in_MySQL\"><\/span><b>Q23. Explain different DCL commands in MySQL.<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>GRANT \u2013 It provides user access privileges to the database<\/li>\n<li>DENY \u2013 Used to deny permissions to users<\/li>\n<li>REVOKE \u2013 Used to withdraw user access by using the GRANT command<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q24_Explain_different_TCL_commands_in_MySQL\"><\/span><b>Q24. Explain different TCL commands in MySQL.<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>COMMIT \u2013 Used to commit a transaction<\/li>\n<li>ROLLBACK \u2013 Used to roll back a transaction<\/li>\n<li>SAVEPOINT \u2013 Used to roll back the transaction within groups<\/li>\n<li>SET TRANSACTION \u2013 Used to specify transaction characteristics<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q25_What_are_the_different_types_of_Database_relationships_in_MySQL\"><\/span><b>Q25. What are the different types of Database relationships in MySQL?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>One-to-one \u2013 Both tables can have only one record<\/li>\n<li>One-to-many \u2013 The single record in the first table can be related to one or more records in the second table<\/li>\n<li>Many-to-many \u2013 Each record in both the tables can be related to any number of records<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q26_What_is_Normalization\"><\/span><b>Q26. What is Normalization?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Tables are organized using the database design method known as normalization to lessen data reliance and redundancy.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q27_What_are_the_different_types_of_Normalization\"><\/span><b>Q27. What are the different types of Normalization?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>First Normal Form (1NF)<\/li>\n<li>Second Normal Form (2NF)<\/li>\n<li>Third Normal Form (3NF)<\/li>\n<li>Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF)<\/li>\n<li>Fourth Normal Form (4NF)<\/li>\n<li>Fifth Normal Form (5NF)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q28_What_is_Denormalization\"><\/span><b>Q28. What is Denormalization?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>By adding redundant data to one or more tables, denormalization is a database optimization technique for improving database infrastructure performance.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q29_Is_MySQL_query_case-sensitive\"><\/span><b>Q29. Is MySQL query case-sensitive?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>MySQL queries are not case-sensitive by default. The following queries are the same.<\/p>\n<p><b>SELECT * FROM `table` WHERE `column` = \u2018value\u2019<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>SELECT * FROM `table` WHERE `column` = \u2018VALUE\u2019<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>SELECT * FROM `table` WHERE `column` = \u2018VaLuE\u2019<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q30_How_many_TRIGGERS_are_allowed_in_the_MySQL_table\"><\/span><b>Q30. How many TRIGGERS are allowed in the MySQL table?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>6 triggers are allowed in the MySQL table:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>BEFORE INSERT<\/li>\n<li>AFTER INSERT<\/li>\n<li>BEFORE UPDATE<\/li>\n<li>AFTER UPDATE<\/li>\n<li>BEFORE DELETE<\/li>\n<li>AFTER DELETE<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/course\/full-stack-developer-course\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Power up your career with Entri Elevate \u2013 Full Stack Development Course!<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q31_What_are_the_different_column_comparison_operators_in_MySQL\"><\/span><b>Q31. What are the different column comparison operators in MySQL?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The =, &lt;&gt;, &lt;=, &lt;, &gt;=, &gt;, &lt;&lt;, &gt;&gt;, &lt; = &gt;, AND, OR or LIKE operator are the comparison operators in MySQL.<\/p>\n<p>Comparisons operators are generally used with SELECT statements. They are used to compare one expression to another value or expression.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q32_What_syntax_can_we_use_to_get_a_version_of_MySQL\"><\/span><b>Q32. What syntax can we use to get a version of MySQL?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>By using the given query in your phpmyadmin-<\/p>\n<p><b>SELECT version();<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q33_What_is_Auto_Increment_in_SQL\"><\/span><b>Q33. What is Auto Increment in SQL?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Every time a new record is added to a database, auto increment enables the generation of a distinct number. Typically, we want the PRIMARY KEY field to be automatically produced each time a new record is put.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q34_SQL_Server_runs_in_which_TCPIP_port_Can_it_be_changed\"><\/span><b>Q34. SQL Server runs in which TCP\/IP port? Can it be changed?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>SQL Server runs on port 1433, and it can be changed from the Network Utility TCP\/IP properties.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q35_Name_symmetric_key_encryption_algorithms_supported_in_the_SQL_server\"><\/span><b>Q35. Name symmetric key encryption algorithms supported in the SQL server.<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>SQL Server supports several symmetric key encryption algorithms, such as DES, Triple DES, RC2, RC4, 128-bit RC4, DESX, 128-bit AES, 192-bit AES, and 256-bit AES.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"crack_your_career_with_full_stack_developer_course_online\"><\/span><a class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/course\/full-stack-developer-course\/\">crack your career with full stack developer course online !<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q36_What_is_Database_Relationship\"><\/span><b>Q36. What is Database Relationship?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>A Database Relationship is defined as the connection between two relational database tables. The primary table has a foreign key that references the primary key of another table. There are three types of Database Relationship \u2013<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>One-to-one<\/li>\n<li>One-to-many<\/li>\n<li>Many-to-many<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q37_What_is_faster_between_a_table_variable_and_a_temporary_table\"><\/span><b>Q37. What is faster between a table variable and a temporary table?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>A temporary table is stored on disk, however a table variable is typically faster because it is maintained in memory. Both tables function similarly when the size of the table variable exceeds the available memory.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q38_Mention_the_command_used_to_get_back_the_privileges_offered_by_the_GRANT_command\"><\/span><b>Q38. Mention the command used to get back the privileges offered by the GRANT command?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>REVOKE command is used to get back the privileges offered by the GRANT command.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q39_What_is_a_Clause_in_SQL\"><\/span><strong>Q39. What is a Clause in SQL?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>An SQL clause is a component of a query that enables users to filter or personalize how their data is accessed. By adding a condition to the query, users can restrict the result set. Clause can be used to query and retrieve the user-required data when there is a lot of data stored in the database. The clause function speeds up data filtering and analysis.<\/p>\n<p>WHERE and HAVING clauses are two examples.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q40_Explain_the_%E2%80%98WHERE_Clause_and_the_%E2%80%98HAVING_Clause\"><\/span><strong>Q40. Explain the \u2018WHERE\u2019 Clause and the \u2018HAVING\u2019 Clause.<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>It is one of the most important SQL interview questions.<\/p>\n<p>The WHERE clause is used to filter the records from the table or used while joining more than one table. It returns the particular value from the table if the specified condition in the WHERE clause is satisfied. It is used with SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE queries to filter data from the table or relation.<\/p>\n<p>For Example:<\/p>\n<p>SELECT * FROM employees<\/p>\n<p>WHERE working_hour &gt; 9;<\/p>\n<p>The HAVING clause is used to filter the records from the groups based on the given condition in the HAVING Clause. It can only be used with the SELECT statement. It returns only those values from the groups in the final result that fulfills certain conditions.<\/p>\n<p>For Example:<\/p>\n<p>SELECT name, SUM(working_hour) AS \u201cTotal working hours\u201d<\/p>\n<p>FROM employees GROUP BY name<\/p>\n<p>HAVING SUM(working_hour) &gt; 6;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q41_Explain_the_SELECT_statement\"><\/span><strong>Q41. Explain\u00a0the SELECT statement?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The SQL SELECT statement facilitates database data selection. A result set of records from one or more tables is returned.<\/p>\n<p>Syntax:<\/p>\n<p>SELECT * FROM workers in myDB;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"crack_your_career_with_full_stack_developer_course_online-2\"><\/span><a class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/course\/full-stack-developer-course\/\">crack your career with full stack developer course online !<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q42_What_are_the_differences_between_the_%E2%80%98WHERE_Clause_and_the_%E2%80%98HAVING_Clause\"><\/span><strong>Q42. What are the differences between the \u2018WHERE\u2019 Clause and the \u2018HAVING\u2019 Clause?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"long\"><strong>WHERE Clause<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"long\"><strong>HAVING Clause<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"long\">It performs filtration on individual rows based on the specified condition.<\/td>\n<td class=\"long\">HAVING clause performs filtration on groups based on the specified condition.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"long\">It can be used without GROUP BY Clause.<\/td>\n<td class=\"long\">It is always used with the GROUP BY Clause.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"long\">WHERE Clause is applied in row operations.<\/td>\n<td class=\"long\">HAVING is applied in column operations.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"long\">We cannot use the WHERE clause with aggregate functions.<\/td>\n<td class=\"long\">This clause works with aggregate functions.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"long\">WHERE comes before GROUP BY<\/td>\n<td class=\"long\">HAVING comes after GROUP BY.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"long\">This clause acts as a pre-filter.<\/td>\n<td class=\"long\">HAVING clause acts as a post-filter.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"long\">WHERE Clause can be used with SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE statements.<\/td>\n<td class=\"long\">This Clause can only be used with the SELECT statement.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q43_How_to_find\"><\/span><b>Q43. How to find:<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>duplicate records with one field?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>duplicate records with more than one field?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Finding duplicate records with one field:\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p>SELECT COUNT(field)<\/p>\n<p>FROM table_name<\/p>\n<p>GROUP BY field<\/p>\n<p>HAVING COUNT(field) &gt; 1<\/p>\n<p><b>Finding duplicate records with more than one field:<\/b><\/p>\n<p>SELECT field1,field2,field3, COUNT(*)<\/p>\n<p>FROM table_name<\/p>\n<p>GROUP BY field1,field2,field3<\/p>\n<p>HAVING COUNT(*) &gt; 1<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q44_What_is_a_constraint_and_how_many_levels_of_constraints_are_there\"><\/span><b>Q44. What is a constraint, and how many levels of constraints are there?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Constraints are the representation of a column to enforce data entity and consistency. There are two levels of constraint \u2013<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Column level \u2013 Limits only column data<\/li>\n<li>Table level \u2013 Limits whole table data<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Following are the most used constraints that can be applied to a table:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>NOT NULL<\/li>\n<li>UNIQUE<\/li>\n<li>CHECK<\/li>\n<li>DEFAULT<\/li>\n<li>PRIMARY KEY<\/li>\n<li>FOREIGN KEY<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q45_What_are_the_authentication_modes_in_SQL_Server\"><\/span><b>Q45. What are the authentication modes in SQL Server?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The SQL SELECT statement facilitates database data selection. fSQL Server provides two authentication modes and returns a result set of records.<\/p>\n<p>Default Windows Mode. This SQL Server security model is compatible with Windows Mixed Mode and supports SQL Server and Windows authentication.<br \/>\nBy choosing the tools option from the SQL Server configuration options, we may switch between modes by hovering over the security page.<br \/>\nfrom a table or tables.<\/p>\n<p>Syntax:<\/p>\n<p>SELECT * FROM workers in myDB;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q46_What_is_PLSQL\"><\/span><b>Q46.\u00a0 What is PL\/SQL?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Procedural Language for SQL, or PL\/SQL, was created by Oracle. It allows programmers to write code in a procedural format and is an extension of SQL. The resilience, security, and portability of the Oracle Database are properties shared by both PL\/SQL and SQL, which are both executed within the same server process.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q47_What_is_SQL_Profiler\"><\/span><b>Q47. What is SQL Profiler?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>SQL Server Profiler is a graphical user interface for creating and saving data on each event of a file. As an issue is being identified, it also enables a system administrator to examine and playback trace results. Uses for SQL Server Profiler include:<\/p>\n<p>Analyze the problematic queries to determine what is causing the issue.<br \/>\nIdentify slow-moving queries<br \/>\nIdentify the Transact-SQL statements that lead to a problem<br \/>\nMonitor the SQL Server&#8217;s performance.<br \/>\nConnect performance counters to identify issues<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q48_What_is_the_SQL_Server_Agent\"><\/span><b>Q48. What is the SQL Server Agent?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>A Microsoft Windows service called SQL Server Agent carries out the regular duties or tasks of a SQL Server Database Administrator (DBA). This service makes it possible to carry out actions at a specified time and date.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q49_What_is_Data_Integrity\"><\/span><b>Q49. What is Data Integrity?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The accuracy, consistency, and comprehensiveness of the data in a database are qualities of data integrity. It also describes the protection and security of data, which is upheld by a set of procedures, guidelines, and standards that were put in place during the design stage. There are three forms of data integrity:<\/p>\n<p>Column Stability<br \/>\nObject Integrity<br \/>\nReference Consistency<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q50_What_is_the_difference_between_Rename_and_Alias\"><\/span><b>Q50. What is the difference between Rename and Alias?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Rename is actually changing the name of an object. Alias is giving another name (additional name) to an existing object. Rename involves changing the name of a database object and giving it a permanent name whereas Alias is a temporary name given to a database object.<\/p>\n<p><b>Syntax of a table Alias:<\/b><\/p>\n<p>SELECT column1, column2\u2026.<\/p>\n<p>FROM table_name AS alias_name<\/p>\n<p>WHERE [condition];<\/p>\n<p><b>Syntax of a table Rename:<\/b><\/p>\n<p>RENAME TABLE {tbl_name} TO {new_tbl_name};<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/course\/full-stack-developer-course\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Power up your career with Entri Elevate \u2013 Full Stack Development Course!<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q51_Which_are_the_main_steps_in_Data_Modeling\"><\/span><b>Q51.\u00a0 Which are the main steps in Data Modeling?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The following are the main steps in Data Modeling:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Identify and analyze business requirement<\/li>\n<li>Create a quality conceptual and logical data model<\/li>\n<li>Select the target database to create scripts for physical schema using a data modeling tool<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q52_What_is_Referential_Integrity\"><\/span><b>Q52. What is Referential Integrity?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Referential integrity is a relational database concept that states that primary and foreign keys should be kept consistent and accurate.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q53_What_is_Business_Intelligence\"><\/span><b>Q53. What is Business Intelligence?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Technologies and methods for gathering, integrating, analyzing, and presenting corporate information are included in business intelligence (BI). It includes best practices, data tools and infrastructure, data mining, data visualization, and business analytics.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q54_Mention_the_types_of_privileges_available_in_SQL\"><\/span><b>Q54. Mention the types of privileges available in SQL?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The sorts of privileges used in SQL are as follows:<\/p>\n<p>System Privilege: This refers to a specific sort of object and denotes actions on it, such as admin, which enables users to conduct administration duties, change any cache group, and change any index.<\/p>\n<p>The ability to do operations on an object using commands like table, view, and indexes is known as object privilege. The SQL commands EXECUTE, INSERT, SELECT, FLUSH, LOAD, INDEX, UPDATE, DELETE, REFERENCES, and others use additional object rights.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q55_What_is_the_difference_between_a_clustered_and_non-clustered_index\"><\/span><b>Q55. What is the difference between a clustered and non-clustered index?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Clustered Index \u2013<\/b>\u00a0A clustered index is used to order the rows in a table. It has leaf nodes consisting of data pages. A table can possess only one clustered index.<\/p>\n<p><b>Non-clustered Index \u2013<\/b>\u00a0A non-clustered index stores the data and indices at different places. It also has leaf nodes that contain index rows. A table can possess numerous non-clustered indexes.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q56_What_is_ERD\"><\/span><b>Q56. What is ERD?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>ERD or Entity Relationship Diagram is a visual representation of the database structures and shows a relationship between the tables. The ER Diagrams have three basic elements:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Entities<\/b>\u00a0\u2013 An entity is a person, place, thing, or event for which data is collected.<\/li>\n<li><b>Attributes<\/b>\u00a0\u2013 It refers to the data we want to collect for an entity. It is a property, trait, or characteristic of an entity, relationship, or another attribute.<\/li>\n<li><b>Relationships<\/b>\u00a0\u2013 It describes how entities interact.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q57_How_will_you_find_the_unique_values_if_a_value_in_the_column_is_repeatable\"><\/span><b>Q57. How will you find the unique values, if a value in the column is repeatable?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>To find the unique values when the value in the column is repeatable, we can use DISTINCT in the query, such as:<\/p>\n<p><b>SELECT DISTINCT user_firstname FROM users;<\/b><\/p>\n<p>We can also ask for several distinct values by using:<\/p>\n<p><b>SELECT COUNT (DISTINCT user_firstname) FROM users;<\/b><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"crack_your_career_with_full_stack_developer_course_online-3\"><\/span><a class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/course\/full-stack-developer-course\/\">crack your career with full stack developer course online !<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q58_Explain_database_white_box_testing\"><\/span><b>Q58. Explain database white box testing.<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>White Box Testing is concerned with the internal structure of the database. The users are unaware of the specification details.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Database white box testing includes testing of database triggers and logical views that support database refactoring.<\/li>\n<li>Validates database tables, data models, database schema<\/li>\n<li>Performs module testing of database functions and SQL queries<\/li>\n<li>Select default table values to check on database consistency<\/li>\n<li>Adheres to referential integrity rules<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q59_Exhibit_the_students_who_are_having_the_same_batch_ID_and_study_in_the_same_department_as_student_ids_1002_and_1004\"><\/span><b>Q59. Exhibit the students who are having the same batch ID and study in the same department as student ids, 1002 and 1004.<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>select x.student_id ,<\/p>\n<p>x.department_id<\/p>\n<p>from students x<\/p>\n<p>where (department_id, batch_id)<\/p>\n<p>in (Select department_id , batch_id<\/p>\n<p>from students<\/p>\n<p>where student_id in (1002,1004))<\/p>\n<p>and x.student_id not in (1002, 1004)<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q60_What_is_the_ACID_property_in_SQL\"><\/span><b>Q60. What is the ACID property in SQL?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>ACID is short for Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability. It ensures Data Integrity during a transaction.<\/p>\n<p><b>Atomicity:<\/b>\u00a0It means either all the operations (insert, update, delete) inside a transaction take place or none.\u00a0 So, if one part of any transaction fails, the entire transaction fails and the database state is left unchanged.<\/p>\n<p><b>Consistency:<\/b>\u00a0Consistency ensures that the data must meet all the validation rules. Irrespective of whatever happens in the middle of the transaction, Consistency property will never leave your database in a half-completed state.<\/p>\n<p><b>Isolation:<\/b>\u00a0It means that every transaction is individual. One transaction can\u2019t access the result of other transactions until the transaction is completed.<\/p>\n<p><b>Durability:<\/b> It suggests that keeping track of revisions to committed transactions is crucial. Never let these updates be lost. If either the system or the storage medium fails, it refers to the system&#8217;s capacity to recover committed transaction modifications.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/course\/full-stack-developer-course\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Power up your career with Entri Elevate \u2013 Full Stack Development Course!<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q61_Explain_string_functions_in_SQL\"><\/span><b>Q61. Explain string functions in SQL?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>SQL string functions are used for string manipulation.<\/p>\n<p>Following are the extensively used SQL string functions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>UPPER(): Converts character data to upper case<\/li>\n<li>LOWER(): Converts character data to lower case<\/li>\n<li>SUBSTRING() : Extracts characters from a text field<\/li>\n<li>RTRIM(): Removes all whitespace at the end of the string<\/li>\n<li>LEN(): Returns the length of the value in a text field<\/li>\n<li>REPLACE(): Updates the content of a string.<\/li>\n<li>LTRIM(): Removes all whitespace from the beginning of the string<\/li>\n<li>CONCAT(): Concatenates function combines multiple character strings<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q62_What_are_the_differences_between_the_Primary_key_and_the_Unique_key\"><\/span><b>Q62. What are the differences between the Primary key and the Unique key?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"long\"><b>Primary Key<\/b><\/td>\n<td class=\"long\"><b>Unique Key<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"long\">Enforces column uniqueness in a table<\/td>\n<td class=\"long\">Determines a row that isn\u2019t a primary key<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"long\">Does not allow NULL values<\/td>\n<td class=\"long\">Accepts one NULL value<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"long\">Has only one primary key<\/td>\n<td class=\"long\">Has more than one unique key<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"long\">Creates clustered index<\/td>\n<td class=\"long\">Creates non-clustered index<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"long\">Primary Key on CREATE TABLE Syntax:\u00a0CREATE TABLE Students (\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0ID int NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0LastName varchar(255) NOT NULL,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0FirstName varchar(255),\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Age int);<\/td>\n<td class=\"long\">Unique Key on CREATE TABLE Syntax:\u00a0CREATE TABLE Students (\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0ID int NOT NULL UNIQUE,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0LastName varchar(255) NOT NULL,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0FirstName varchar(255),\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Age int);<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q63_Write_the_SQL_query_to_convert_the_string_to_UPPERCASE_and_LOWERCASE\"><\/span><b>Q63. Write the SQL query to convert the string to UPPERCASE and LOWERCASE.<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The SQL query used to convert the string to UPPERCASE and LOWERCASE is:<\/p>\n<p>STRING UPPER(\u201cnaukrilearning\u201d); =&gt; NAUKRILEARNING<\/p>\n<p>STRING LOWER(\u201cLEARNERS\u201d); =&gt; learners<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q64_What_is_the_procedure_to_hide_a_specific_table_name_of_the_schema\"><\/span><b>Q64. What is the procedure to hide a specific table name of the schema?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>By using SYNONYMS, we can hide a specific table name of the schema.<\/p>\n<p>Syntax:<\/p>\n<p>CREATE SYNONYM STU for STUDENTS;<\/p>\n<p>After creating the above synonym, we can access the data of the STUDENTS table using STU as the table name below<\/p>\n<p>SELECT * from STU;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q65_What_is_the_syntax_to_eliminate_duplicate_rows\"><\/span><b>Q65. What is the syntax to eliminate duplicate rows?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>By using the DISTINCT keyword, we can eliminate duplicate records.<\/p>\n<p>Syntax:<\/p>\n<p>SELECT DISTINCT CLASS_ID<\/p>\n<p>FROM STUDENTS;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q66_Find_out_nth_highest_salary_from_emp_table\"><\/span><b>Q66. Find out nth highest salary from emp table?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Syntax:<\/p>\n<p>select salary from<\/p>\n<p>(select salary, rownum EP from<\/p>\n<p>(select salary from employees<\/p>\n<p>order by salary desc))<\/p>\n<p>where EP=n;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q67_Name_the_encryption_mechanisms_in_the_SQL_server\"><\/span><b>Q67. Name the encryption mechanisms in the SQL server.<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>This is one of the most popular SQL interview questions. The encryption mechanism used in SQL servers are \u2013<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Transact-SQL functions \u2013 Individual items can be encrypted as they are inserted or updated using Transact-SQL functions.<\/li>\n<li>Asymmetric keys \u2013 It is made up of a private key and the corresponding public key. Each key can decrypt data encrypted by the other.<\/li>\n<li>Symmetric keys \u2013 It is used for both encryption and decryption.<\/li>\n<li>Certificates \u2013 Also known as a public key certificate, it binds the value of a public key to the identity of the person, device, or service that holds the corresponding private key.<\/li>\n<li>Transparent Data Encryption \u2013 It is a special case of encryption using a symmetric key that encrypts an entire database using that symmetric key.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q68_What_is_the_procedure_to_pass_variables_in_a_SQL_routine\"><\/span><b>Q68. What is the procedure to pass variables in a SQL routine?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Variables can be passed to a SQL routine by using:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201c&amp;\u201d symbol<\/li>\n<li>SQLPLUS command<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q69_Can_a_view_be_updatedinserteddeleted_If_yes_at_what_conditions\"><\/span><b>Q69. Can a view be updated\/inserted\/deleted? If yes, at what conditions?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>It is not possible to add the data through a view if the view contains the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Group by clause<\/li>\n<li>Group functions<\/li>\n<li>DISTINCT keyword<\/li>\n<li>Columns defined by expressions<\/li>\n<li>Pseudo column ROWNUM keyword<\/li>\n<li>NOT NULL column in the base table that is not selected by the view.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q70_How_can_you_create_an_SQL_table_from_another_table_without_copying_any_values_from_the_old_table\"><\/span><b>Q70. How can you create an SQL table from another table without copying any values from the old table?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Syntax:\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p>CREATE TABLE new_table<\/p>\n<p>AS (SELECT *<\/p>\n<p>FROM old_table WHERE 1=2);<\/p>\n<p>This will create a new table with the same structure as the old table with no rows copied.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/course\/full-stack-developer-course\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Experience the power of our web development course with a free demo &#8211; enroll now!<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q71_Explain_what_is_an_inline_view\"><\/span><b>Q71. Explain what is an inline view?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>An inline view is a SELECT statement in the FROM-clause of another SELECT statement. In-line views are used to reduce complex queries by removing join operations and summarizing multiple separate queries into a single query.<\/p>\n<p><b>Syntax:<\/b><\/p>\n<p>SELECT SALARY FROM<\/p>\n<p>(SELECT SALARY, ROWNUN EP FROM<\/p>\n<p>(SELECT SALARY FROM EMPLOYEES ORDER BY SALARY DESC) )<\/p>\n<p>WHERE EP=7<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q72_What_command_is_used_to_create_a_table_by_copying_the_structure_of_another_table\"><\/span><b>Q72. What command is used to create a table by copying the structure of another table?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Syntax:<\/b><\/p>\n<p>CREATE TABLE STU AS<\/p>\n<p>SELECT * FROM STUDENTS<\/p>\n<p>WHERE 1=2<\/p>\n<p>Invalid Condition<\/p>\n<p>We have to give the invalid condition in the where clause, where the whole data will copy to the new table (STU table).<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q73_Mention_the_use_of_the_DROP_option_in_the_ALTER_TABLE_command\"><\/span><b>Q73. Mention the use of the DROP option in the ALTER TABLE command.<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The use of the DROP option in the ALTER TABLE command is to drop a particular COLUMN.<\/p>\n<p><b>Syntax:<\/b><\/p>\n<p>ALTER TABLE TABLE_NAME<\/p>\n<p>DROP COLUMN COLUMN_NAME<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q74_What_are_the_aggregate_functions_in_SQL\"><\/span><b>Q74. What are the aggregate functions in SQL?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>SQL aggregate functions allow us to return a single value, which is calculated from values in a column.<\/p>\n<p>Following are the aggregate functions in SQL:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>AVG() : This function returns the average value<\/li>\n<li>COUNT(): This function returns the number of rows<\/li>\n<li>MAX() : It returns the largest value<\/li>\n<li>MIN() : This function returns the smallest value<\/li>\n<li>ROUND(): This function rounds a numeric field to the number of decimals specified<\/li>\n<li>SUM() : It returns the sum<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q75_Write_the_SQL_query_to_update_the_student_names_by_removing_leading_and_trailing_spaces\"><\/span><b>Q75. Write the SQL query to update the student names by removing leading and trailing spaces.<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>This can be done by using \u2018Update\u2019 command with \u2018LTRIM\u2019 and \u2018RTRIM\u2019 function.<\/p>\n<p><b>Syntax:<\/b><\/p>\n<p>UPDATE StudentDetails<\/p>\n<p>SET FullName = LTRIM(RTRIM(FullName));<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q76_Write_the_SQL_query_to_fetch_alternate_records_from_a_table\"><\/span><b>Q76. Write the SQL query to fetch alternate records from a table<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Records can be fetched for odd and even row numbers:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Syntax to fetch even numbers:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Select employeeId from (Select rowno, employeeId from employee) where mod(rowno,2)=0<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Syntax to fetch odd numbers:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Select employeeId from (Select rowno, employeeId from employee) where mod(rowno,2)=1<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q77_How_do_you_return_a_hundred_books_starting_from_the_15th\"><\/span><b>Q77. How do you return a hundred books starting from the 15th?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The syntax will be:<\/p>\n<p><b>SELECT book_title FROM books LIMIT 15, 100.\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p>The first number in LIMIT is the offset, and the second is the number.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q78_How_will_the_query_select_all_teams_that_lost_either_1_3_5_or_7_games\"><\/span><b>Q78. How will the query select all teams that lost either 1, 3, 5, or 7 games?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>We will use-<\/p>\n<p><b>SELECT team_name FROM teams WHERE team_lost IN (1, 3, 5, 7)<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q79_How_will_you_delete_a_column\"><\/span><b>Q79. How will you delete a column?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>We can delete a column by \u2013<\/p>\n<p><b>ALTER TABLE techpreparation_answers DROP answer_user_id.<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q80_What_is_the_meaning_of_this_query_%E2%80%93_Select_User_name_User_isp_From_Users_Left_Join_Isps_Using_user_id\"><\/span><b>Q80. What is the meaning of this query \u2013 Select User_name, User_isp From Users Left Join Isps Using (user_id)?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>It means:<\/p>\n<p><b>SELECT user_name, user_isp FROM users LEFT JOIN isps WHERE users.user_id=isps.user_id<\/b><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"crack_your_career_with_full_stack_developer_course_online-4\"><\/span><a class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/course\/full-stack-developer-course\/\">crack your career with full stack developer course online !<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q81_How_will_you_see_all_indexes_defined_for_a_table\"><\/span><b>Q81. How will you see all indexes defined for a table?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>By using:<\/p>\n<p><b>SHOW INDEX FROM techpreparation_questions;<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q82_How_would_you_change_a_table_to_InnoDB\"><\/span><b>Q82. How would you change a table to InnoDB?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>By using:<\/p>\n<p><b>ALTER TABLE techpreparation_questions ENGINE InnoDB;<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q83_Name_the_default_port_for_the_MySQL_server\"><\/span><b>Q83. Name the default port for the MySQL server.<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The default port for the MySQL server is\u00a0<b>3306<\/b>.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q84_What_is_the_possible_way_to_add_five_minutes_to_a_date\"><\/span><b>Q84. What is the possible way to add five minutes to a date?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>By using:<\/p>\n<p><b>\u00a0ADDDATE(techpreparation_publication_date, INTERVAL 5 MINUTE)<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q85_What_is_the_possible_way_to_convert_between_Unix_timestamps_and_Mysql_timestamps\"><\/span><b>Q85. What is the possible way to convert between Unix timestamps and Mysql timestamps?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>UNIX_TIMESTAMP converts from MySQL timestamp to Unix timestamp<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>FROM_UNIXTIME converts from Unix timestamp to MySQL timestamp<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q86_How_do_you_implement_Enums_and_sets_internally_in_MySQL\"><\/span><b>Q86. How do you implement Enums and sets internally in MySQL?\u00a0<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>To implement an ENUM column, use the given syntax:<\/p>\n<p><b>CREATE TABLE table_name ( \u2026 col ENUM (\u2018value1\u2032,\u2019value2\u2032,\u2019value3\u2019), \u2026 );<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q87_How_can_we_restart_SQL_Server_in_the_single_user_or_the_minimal_configuration_modes\"><\/span><b>Q87. How can we restart SQL Server in the single user or the minimal configuration modes?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The command line SQLSERVER.EXE used with \u2018\u2013m\u2019 will restart SQL Server in the single-user mode.<\/p>\n<p>The command line SQLSERVER.EXE used with \u2018\u2013f\u2019 will restart it in the minimal configuration mode.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q88_What_is_the_use_of_the_tee_command_in_Mysql\"><\/span><b>Q88. What is the use of the tee command in Mysql?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Tee is a UNIX command that sends a command&#8217;s standard output to the terminal as well as a file. The character tee followed by a filename enables MySQL logging to that particular file. A command note has the ability to pause it.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/course\/full-stack-developer-course\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Power up your career with Entri Elevate \u2013 Full Stack Development Course!<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q89_Is_it_possible_to_save_your_connection_settings_to_a_conf_file\"><\/span><b>Q89. Is it possible to save your connection settings to a conf file?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Yes, it is possible, and you can name it ~\/.my.conf. You can also change the permissions on the file to 600 so that it\u2019s not readable by others.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q90_How_to_convert_numeric_values_to_character_strings\"><\/span><b>Q90. How to convert numeric values to character strings?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>We can convert numeric values to character strings by using the CAST(value AS CHAR) function, as shown in the following examples:<\/p>\n<p>SELECT CAST(4123.45700 AS CHAR) FROM DUAL;<\/p>\n<p>4123.45700<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q91_Use_mysqldump_to_create_a_copy_of_the_database\"><\/span><b>Q91. Use mysqldump to create a copy of the database?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>mysqldump -h mysqlhost -u username -p mydatabasename &gt; dbdump.sql<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q92_What_are_federated_tables\"><\/span><b>Q92. What are federated tables?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Federated tables in MySQL give users access to the tables located on other databases on different servers. It enables you to use a distant MySQL database without needing replication or cluster technology to access the data there. Data from the distant (federated) tables is retrieved when a local FEDERATED table is queried. The local tables don&#8217;t hold any data.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q93_What_are_the_different_groups_of_data_types_in_MySQL\"><\/span><b>Q93. What are the different groups of data types in MySQL?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>There are three groups of data types in MySQL, as listed below:<\/p>\n<p><b>String Data Types \u2013<\/b>\u00a0BINARY, VARBINARY, TINYBLOB, CHAR, NCHAR, VARCHAR, NVARCHAR, TINYTEXT, BLOB, TEXT, MEDIUMBLOB, LONGBLOB, LONGTEXT, ENUM, SET, MEDIUMTEXT.<\/p>\n<p><b>Numeric Data Types \u2013<\/b>\u00a0MEDIUMINT, INTEGER, BIGINT, FLOAT, BIT, TINYINT, BOOLEAN, SMALLINT, DOUBLE, REAL, DECIMAL.<\/p>\n<p><b>Date and Time Data Types \u2013<\/b>\u00a0TIMESTAMP, TIME, DATE, DATETIME, YEAR.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"crack_your_career_with_full_stack_developer_course_online-5\"><\/span><a class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/course\/full-stack-developer-course\/\">crack your career with full stack developer course online !<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q94_What_is_the_procedure_to_concatenate_two_character_strings\"><\/span><b>Q94. What is the procedure to concatenate two character strings?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>To concatenate various character strings into one, you can use the CONCAT() function. Example:<\/p>\n<p><b>SELECT CONCAT(\u2019Naukri\u2019,\u2019 Learning\u2019) FROM DUAL;<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Shiksha Online<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>SELECT CONCAT(\u2018Learner\u2019,\u2019Thing\u2019) FROM DUAL;<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Learner Thing\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q95_What_is_the_procedure_to_change_the_database_engine_in_Mysql\"><\/span><b>Q95. What is the procedure to change the database engine in Mysql?\u00a0<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>By using:<\/p>\n<p><b>ALTER TABLE EnterTableName ENGINE = EnterEngineName;<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q96_What_is_the_default_storage_engine_in_MySQL\"><\/span><b>Q96. What is the default storage engine in MySQL?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>InnoDB is the default storage engine in MySQL.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q97_What_is_COALESCE\"><\/span><b>Q97. What is COALESCE?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>COALESCE returns the first non-NULL expression within its arguments from more than one column in the arguments.<\/p>\n<p>The syntax for COALESCE is \u2013<\/p>\n<p><b>COALESCE (expression 1, expression 2, \u2026 expression n)<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q98_What_syntax_is_used_to_create_an_index_in_MySQL\"><\/span><b>Q98. What syntax is used to create an index in MySQL?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>By using-<\/p>\n<p><b>CREATE INDEX [index name] ON [table name]([column name]);<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q99_How_to_store_videos_in_an_SQL_Server_table\"><\/span><strong>Q99. How to store videos in an SQL Server table?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>We use the FILESTREAM datatype to store videos in SQL server table.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q100_Explain_the_use_of_the_NVL_function\"><\/span><strong>Q100. Explain the use of the NVL() function.\u00a0<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The NVL()function converts the Null value to the other value.<\/p>\n<table class=\"table\" dir=\"ltr\" border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"1\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Kerala PSC VFA Exam Information Links&quot;}\"><strong><em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Related Articles<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Kerala PSC VFA Syllabus&quot;}\" data-sheets-hyperlink=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/kerala-psc-village-field-assistant-vfa-syllabus-exam-pattern\/\"><strong><a 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in Java: All You Need to Know<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Kerala PSC VFA Application Form&quot;}\" data-sheets-hyperlink=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/kerala-psc-vfa-apply-online\/\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/how-to-land-a-full-stack-developer-job-without-a-tech-degree-or-work-experience\/\">How to Land a Full Stack Developer Job Without a Tech Degree or Work Experience<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Kerala PSC VFA Study Materials&quot;}\" data-sheets-hyperlink=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/kerala-psc-vfa-study-material\/\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/arrays-in-java-basic-understanding\/\">Arrays in Java: Basic Understanding<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Kerala PSC VFA Vacancy&quot;}\" 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data-sheets-hyperlink=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/kerala-psc-vfa-job-profile\/\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/reasons-to-become-a-full-stack-developer\/\">Top 10 Reasons to Become a Full Stack Web Developer<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" colspan=\"3\"><strong>Our Other Courses<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/course\/mep-course\/\"><strong>MEP Course<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/course\/quantity-surveying-course\/\"><strong>Quantity Surveying Course<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/course\/montessori-teachers-training-course\/\"><strong>Montessori Teachers Training Course<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/course\/performance-marketing-course\/\"><strong>Performance Marketing Course\u00a0<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td><a 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Our <a href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/course\/full-stack-developer-course\/\">full stack developer certification Course<\/a> is designed to equip you with everything you need to become a versatile developer, from front-end design to back-end databases. Whether you\u2019re solving complex SQL queries or deploying applications, this course offers hands-on experience with the latest tools and technologies to make you job-ready. Perfect for those aiming to excel in technical interviews and thrive in the evolving tech landscape of 2024!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The top SQL interview questions are listed here. The comprehensive responses offered in this article will not only assist you in your interviews but will also equip you with a fundamental comprehension of many SQL and MySQL-related issues. This post will give you the 100 most typical SQL and MySQL interview questions to help you [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":93,"featured_media":25557083,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[802,1903,1864,1904,1841,1926],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25557080","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","category-coding","category-data-science-ml","category-entri-elevate","category-entri-skilling","category-full-stack-web-development"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Top SQL Query interview Questions and Answers<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The top SQL interview questions are listed here. The comprehensive responses offered in this article will not only assist you in your interviews but will also equip you with a fundamental comprehension of many SQL and MySQL-related issues.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Top SQL Query interview Questions and Answers\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The top SQL interview questions are listed here. The comprehensive responses offered in this article will not only assist you in your interviews but will also equip you with a fundamental comprehension of many SQL and MySQL-related issues.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Entri Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/entri.me\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-03-23T09:30:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-10-16T10:33:18+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Untitled-10-1.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"820\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"615\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Akhil M G\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@entri_app\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@entri_app\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Akhil M G\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"28 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Akhil M G\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/875646423b2cce93c1bd5bc16850fff6\"},\"headline\":\"Top 100 SQL query Interview Questions and Answers for 2024\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-03-23T09:30:07+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-10-16T10:33:18+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/\"},\"wordCount\":5686,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Untitled-10-1.png\",\"articleSection\":[\"Articles\",\"Coding\",\"Data Science and Machine Learning\",\"Entri Elevate\",\"Entri Skilling\",\"Full Stack Web Development\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/\",\"name\":\"Top SQL Query interview Questions and Answers\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/top-sql-query-interview-questions-and-answers\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Untitled-10-1.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-03-23T09:30:07+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-10-16T10:33:18+00:00\",\"description\":\"The top SQL interview questions are listed here. 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