{"id":25588959,"date":"2026-08-06T13:30:25","date_gmt":"2026-08-06T08:00:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/?p=25588959"},"modified":"2026-08-06T13:38:50","modified_gmt":"2026-08-06T08:08:50","slug":"kwa-draftsman-grade-1-syllabus-and-exam-pattern","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/kwa-draftsman-grade-1-syllabus-and-exam-pattern\/","title":{"rendered":"Kerala PSC KWA Draftsman Grade 1 Syllabus 2026 &#038; Exam Pattern \u2013 Download PDF for Civil, Mechanical &#038; Electrical"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a745ed7ce161\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a745ed7ce161\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/kwa-draftsman-grade-1-syllabus-and-exam-pattern\/#Kerala_PSC_KWA_Draftsman_Grade_1_Syllabus_2026_PDF_Download\" >Kerala PSC KWA Draftsman Grade 1 Syllabus 2026 PDF Download<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/kwa-draftsman-grade-1-syllabus-and-exam-pattern\/#Kerala_PSC_KWA_Draftsman_Grade_1_PYQs_2026_%E2%80%93_Free_Question_Paper_PDF\" >Kerala PSC KWA Draftsman Grade 1 PYQs 2026 &#8211; Free Question Paper PDF<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/kwa-draftsman-grade-1-syllabus-and-exam-pattern\/#Kerala_PSC_KWA_Draftsman_Grade_1_Exam_2026_%E2%80%93_Notification_Overview\" >Kerala PSC KWA Draftsman Grade 1 Exam 2026 \u2013 Notification Overview<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/kwa-draftsman-grade-1-syllabus-and-exam-pattern\/#Selection_Process_for_Draftsman_Grade_1_Sub_Engineer_Recruitment_2026\" >Selection Process for Draftsman Grade 1 \/ Sub Engineer Recruitment 2026<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/kwa-draftsman-grade-1-syllabus-and-exam-pattern\/#Kerala_PSC_Draftsman_Grade_1_Detailed_Syllabus_2026_%E2%80%93_Civil_Engineering\" >Kerala PSC Draftsman Grade 1 Detailed Syllabus 2026 &#8211; Civil Engineering<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/kwa-draftsman-grade-1-syllabus-and-exam-pattern\/#Kerala_PSC_KWA_Draftsman_Grade_1_Civil_Exam_Pattern_2026\" >Kerala PSC KWA Draftsman Grade 1 Civil Exam Pattern 2026<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/kwa-draftsman-grade-1-syllabus-and-exam-pattern\/#Kerala_PSC_Draftsman_Grade_1_Electrical_%E2%80%93_KWA_Detailed_Syllabus_2026\" >Kerala PSC Draftsman Grade 1 Electrical \u2013 KWA Detailed Syllabus 2026<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/kwa-draftsman-grade-1-syllabus-and-exam-pattern\/#Kerala_PSC_Draftsman_Grade_1_Electrical_Exam_Pattern_2026\" >Kerala PSC Draftsman Grade 1 Electrical Exam Pattern 2026<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/kwa-draftsman-grade-1-syllabus-and-exam-pattern\/#Kerala_PSC_Draftsman_Grade_1_Mechanical_Detailed_Syllabus_2026\" >Kerala PSC Draftsman Grade 1 Mechanical Detailed Syllabus 2026<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/kwa-draftsman-grade-1-syllabus-and-exam-pattern\/#Kerala_PSC_Draftsman_Grade_1_Mechanical_Exam_Pattern_2026\" >Kerala PSC Draftsman Grade 1 Mechanical Exam Pattern 2026<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/kwa-draftsman-grade-1-syllabus-and-exam-pattern\/#Kerala_PSC_KWA_Draftsman_Grade_1_Preparation_Tips_2026_%E2%80%93_Exam_Strategy\" >Kerala PSC KWA Draftsman Grade 1 Preparation Tips 2026 &#8211; Exam Strategy<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>Kerala PSC has released the Category No. 079\/2026 notification for the post of Draftsman Grade I \/ Sub Engineer under the Kerala Water Authority (KWA), offering a pay scale of \u20b936,500\u2013\u20b989,000. With the last date to apply being 02 September 2026, this is an excellent opportunity for Civil Engineering diploma holders. In this blog, we provide the complete KWA Draftsman Grade 1 Syllabus 2026, including the latest exam pattern, marks distribution, and selection process to help you prepare effectively and improve your chances of success in the exam.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"mt-3 -mb-1 text-[1.125rem] font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kerala_PSC_KWA_Draftsman_Grade_1_Syllabus_2026_PDF_Download\"><\/span><strong>Kerala PSC KWA Draftsman Grade 1 Syllabus 2026 PDF Download<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Want the complete syllabus in one place? Download the official detailed syllabus PDF below \u2014 covering every module, topic, and mark distribution for this post. Keep it handy for structured revision and quick reference throughout your exam preparation.<\/p>\n<table class=\"min-w-full border-collapse text-sm leading-[1.7] whitespace-normal\">\n<thead class=\"text-left\">\n<tr>\n<th class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.6)] py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\" scope=\"col\">Particulars<\/th>\n<th class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.6)] py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\" scope=\"col\">PDF Link<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\"><b>Civil<\/b><\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\"><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><div class=\"lead-gen-block\"><a href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/draftsman.pdf\" data-url=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/draftsman.pdf\" class=\"lead-pdf-download\" data-id=\"25556384\">Download PDF<\/a><\/div><\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\"><b>Electrical<\/b><\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\"><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><div class=\"lead-gen-block\"><a href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/DRAFTSMAN-GR.I-KWA.pdf\" data-url=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/DRAFTSMAN-GR.I-KWA.pdf\" class=\"lead-pdf-download\" data-id=\"25556384\">Download PDF<\/a><\/div><\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\"><b>Mechanical<\/b><\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\"><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><div class=\"lead-gen-block\"><a href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/detailed_syllabus_draftsman_mechanical_gr.pdf\" data-url=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/detailed_syllabus_draftsman_mechanical_gr.pdf\" class=\"lead-pdf-download\" data-id=\"25556384\">Download PDF<\/a><\/div><\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 class=\"mt-3 -mb-1 text-[1.125rem] font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kerala_PSC_KWA_Draftsman_Grade_1_PYQs_2026_%E2%80%93_Free_Question_Paper_PDF\"><\/span><strong>Kerala PSC KWA Draftsman Grade 1 PYQs 2026 &#8211; Free Question Paper PDF<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table class=\"table\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"385\"><strong>Question Paper Category<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"385\"><strong>PDF<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"385\"><strong>210\/2023<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"385\"><strong><div class=\"lead-gen-block\"><a href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/210_2023_a.pdf\" data-url=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/210_2023_a.pdf\" class=\"lead-pdf-download\" data-id=\"25556384\"> Download PDF <\/a><\/div><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"385\"><strong>065\/2023<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"385\"><strong><div class=\"lead-gen-block\"><a href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/qp__overseer_draftsman.pdf\" data-url=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/qp__overseer_draftsman.pdf\" class=\"lead-pdf-download\" data-id=\"25556384\"> Download PDF <\/a><\/div><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"385\"><strong>066\/21<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"385\"><strong><div class=\"lead-gen-block\"><a href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/qp__draughtsman_gr_ii.pdf\" data-url=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/qp__draughtsman_gr_ii.pdf\" class=\"lead-pdf-download\" data-id=\"25556384\"> Download PDF <\/a><\/div><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"385\"><strong>180\/2023<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"385\"><strong><div class=\"lead-gen-block\"><a href=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/qn-180-2023.pdf\" data-url=\"https:\/\/entri.app\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/qn-180-2023.pdf\" class=\"lead-pdf-download\" data-id=\"25556384\"> Download PDF <\/a><\/div><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"385\"><strong>165\/2016<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"385\"><strong><div class=\"lead-gen-block\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.keralapsc.gov.in\/sites\/default\/files\/2018-08\/165-2016.pdf\" data-url=\"https:\/\/www.keralapsc.gov.in\/sites\/default\/files\/2018-08\/165-2016.pdf\" class=\"lead-pdf-download\" data-id=\"25556384\"> Download PDF <\/a><\/div><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"385\"><strong>038\/2016<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"385\"><strong><div class=\"lead-gen-block\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.keralapsc.gov.in\/sites\/default\/files\/2018-08\/38-16.pdf\" data-url=\"https:\/\/www.keralapsc.gov.in\/sites\/default\/files\/2018-08\/38-16.pdf\" class=\"lead-pdf-download\" data-id=\"25556384\"> Download PDF <\/a><\/div><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"385\"><strong>011\/2016<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"385\"><strong><div class=\"lead-gen-block\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.keralapsc.gov.in\/sites\/default\/files\/2018-08\/11-16.pdf\" data-url=\"https:\/\/www.keralapsc.gov.in\/sites\/default\/files\/2018-08\/11-16.pdf\" class=\"lead-pdf-download\" data-id=\"25556384\"> Download PDF <\/a><\/div><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"385\"><strong>018\/2014<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"385\"><strong><div class=\"lead-gen-block\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.keralapsc.gov.in\/sites\/default\/files\/2018-08\/Q87-2014_0.pdf\" data-url=\"https:\/\/www.keralapsc.gov.in\/sites\/default\/files\/2018-08\/Q87-2014_0.pdf\" class=\"lead-pdf-download\" data-id=\"25556384\"> Download PDF <\/a><\/div><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"385\"><strong>067\/2014<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"385\"><strong><div class=\"lead-gen-block\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.keralapsc.gov.in\/sites\/default\/files\/2018-08\/Q67-2014.pdf\" data-url=\"https:\/\/www.keralapsc.gov.in\/sites\/default\/files\/2018-08\/Q67-2014.pdf\" class=\"lead-pdf-download\" data-id=\"25556384\"> Download PDF <\/a><\/div><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"385\"><strong>030\/2014<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"385\"><strong><div class=\"lead-gen-block\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.keralapsc.gov.in\/sites\/default\/files\/2018-08\/Q30-2014.pdf\" data-url=\"https:\/\/www.keralapsc.gov.in\/sites\/default\/files\/2018-08\/Q30-2014.pdf\" class=\"lead-pdf-download\" data-id=\"25556384\"> Download PDF <\/a><\/div><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 class=\"mt-3 -mb-1 text-[1.125rem] font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kerala_PSC_KWA_Draftsman_Grade_1_Exam_2026_%E2%80%93_Notification_Overview\"><\/span><strong>Kerala PSC KWA Draftsman Grade 1 Exam 2026 \u2013 Notification Overview<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table class=\"min-w-full border-collapse text-sm leading-[1.7] whitespace-normal\">\n<thead class=\"text-left\">\n<tr>\n<th class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.6)] py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\" scope=\"col\">Particulars<\/th>\n<th class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.6)] py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\" scope=\"col\">Details<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\"><strong>Recruitment Authority<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Kerala Public Service Commission (Kerala PSC)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\"><strong>Department<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Kerala Water Authority (KWA)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\"><strong>Post Name<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Draftsman Grade I \/ Sub Engineer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\"><strong>Category Number<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">079\/2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\"><strong>Recruitment Type<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Direct Recruitment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\"><strong>Vacancy<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Anticipated Vacancies<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\"><strong>Selection Process<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Written\/OMR\/Online Test (if conducted), Document Verification, Ranked List, Final Appointment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\"><strong>Salary (Pay Scale)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">\u20b936,500 \u2013 \u20b989,000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\"><strong>Application Mode<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Online through Kerala PSC One Time Registration (OTR)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\"><strong>Notification Release Date<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">30 July 2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\"><strong>Last Date to Apply<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">02 September 2026 (Wednesday, 12:00 Midnight)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\"><strong>Admit Card<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Released during the last 15 days before the exam, for candidates who submit online confirmation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\"><strong>Official Website<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/keralapsc.gov.in\/home-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kerala PSC \u2014 One Time Registration (OTR) Portal<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 class=\"mt-3 -mb-1 text-[1.125rem] font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Selection_Process_for_Draftsman_Grade_1_Sub_Engineer_Recruitment_2026\"><\/span><strong>Selection Process for Draftsman Grade 1 \/ Sub Engineer Recruitment 2026<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">The selection to this post follows the standard Kerala PSC technical recruitment pattern:<\/p>\n<ol class=\"[li_&amp;]:mb-0 [li_&amp;]:mt-1 [li_&amp;]:gap-1 [&amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [&amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-decimal flex flex-col gap-1 pl-8 mb-3 print:block print:space-y-1\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"><strong>Written\/OMR\/Online Test<\/strong> (conducted if the number of applicants requires it)<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"><strong>Document Verification<\/strong> of certificates, qualification, and community\/age proofs<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"><strong>Ranked List Publication<\/strong><\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"><strong>Final Appointment<\/strong> based on rank and vacancy position<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kerala_PSC_Draftsman_Grade_1_Detailed_Syllabus_2026_%E2%80%93_Civil_Engineering\"><\/span><strong>Kerala PSC Draftsman Grade 1 Detailed Syllabus 2026 &#8211; Civil Engineering<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Below is the complete, unit-by-unit syllabus as prescribed in the official Kerala PSC syllabus document for this category. Each unit carries 10 marks, making this a well-balanced, application-oriented Civil Engineering syllabus.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\">Unit 1: Surveying \u2013 I (10 Marks)<\/h4>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Principles of surveying, classification of surveying, types of chain and tape, factors in selecting survey stations, operations in chain surveying, errors and obstructions in chaining. Plane table surveying \u2014 principle, accessories, methods, setting up and orientation. Compass surveying \u2014 types of compass, prismatic compass parts, bearing, meridian and types of meridian, booking of field notes, calculation of reduced bearing and included angles from whole circle bearings, magnetic dip and declination, sources of error in compass surveying. Levelling \u2014 definition, level surface, datum, horizontal\/vertical surface, reduced level, bench marks and types, rise and fall method, height of collimation method, classification of levelling, and contouring.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\">Unit 2: Surveying \u2013 II \/ Theodolite Survey (10 Marks)<\/h4>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Uses and temporary adjustments of theodolite, types of traverse, traversing methods, consecutive and independent co-ordinates, Gales traverse table, balancing traverse by Bowditch&#8217;s rule and transit rule, principle of trigonometric levelling, classification of tacheometry, stadia and tangential tacheometry, stadia constants, types of curves (simple, compound, transition, vertical curves), elements and setting out of a simple circular curve. Modern surveying equipment \u2014 electronic theodolite, total station, GPS, remote sensing applications in civil engineering, fundamentals of GPS.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\">Unit 3: Construction Materials (10 Marks)<\/h4>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Stones \u2014 geological, physical and chemical classification, characteristics of good building stone, varieties (granite, trap, basalt, sandstone, laterite), quarrying and dressing of stones. Clay products \u2014 bricks (raw materials, manufacturing, kiln\/clamp burning, IS specifications), tiles, earthenware and stoneware pipes. Cement \u2014 composition, compounds, manufacturing, types, properties, tests (consistency, fineness, specific gravity, setting time, soundness). Aggregates \u2014 sand sources, M-sand, coarse aggregate requirements and grading. Mortar and cement concrete \u2014 PCC, RCC, water-cement ratio, workability tests (slump test, compaction factor test), reinforcement, chemical admixtures. Timber and wood products \u2014 structural classification, defects, seasoning, preservation, plywood, MDF, HDF, veneer. Metals \u2014 ferrous and non-ferrous metals, alloys, properties and uses.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\">Unit 4: Construction Technology (10 Marks)<\/h4>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Masonry \u2014 classification of walls, stone masonry, brick masonry (English bond, Flemish bond), laterite masonry, hollow block and solid block masonry, interlocking block masonry, partition walls. Modern construction methods \u2014 framed, prefabricated, earthquake-resistant construction. Damp proof courses, pre-stressed concrete (pre-tensioning and post-tensioning), formwork, scaffolding, shoring, underpinning, plastering and pointing. Building components \u2014 foundations (spread footing, raft, pile, well foundation), flooring types and finishes, doors and windows, lintels and sunshades, arches, staircases (tread, riser, going, nosing), lifts and escalators, ceiling types, roofing (pitched and flat roofs, trusses, roof coverings).<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\">Unit 5: Theory of Structures (10 Marks)<\/h4>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Force, moment of force, principle of moments, reactions of simply supported and overhanging beams under point, UDL and UVL loads. Centroid of plane figures, centre of gravity of simple solids. Elasticity, stiffness, plasticity, toughness, ductility, Hooke&#8217;s law, Young&#8217;s modulus, stress-strain curve for mild steel, yield point, ultimate stress, factor of safety. Beams and bending \u2014 classification of beams, types of loading, shear force and bending moment diagrams for cantilever, simply supported and overhanging beams, relation between SF and BM. Theory of pure torsion, power transmitted by circular shafts, thin cylinders \u2014 circumferential and longitudinal stresses. Theory of simple bending \u2014 neutral axis, moment of resistance, section modulus, shear stress distribution for rectangular and I-sections.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\">Unit 6: Quantity Surveying (10 Marks)<\/h4>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Duties of a quantity surveyor, types of estimates (detailed, supplementary, revised, annual repair, approximate), units of measurement, earthwork computation (trapezoidal, mid-section, mean section, prismoidal formula), reservoir capacity from contour maps. Methods of taking out quantities \u2014 centre line method, long wall\u2013short wall method. Cost of materials, conveyance charges, schedule of rates, rate analysis, CPWD standard data, rules of measurement. Detailed estimate and abstract of estimate for buildings (gabled roof, hipped roof, valley roof, two-storied buildings), septic tank and soak pit, RCC beam\/slab\/column with bar bending schedule, aqueduct. Valuation \u2014 purpose, factors, depreciation methods, land valuation.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\">Unit 7: Irrigation Engineering (10 Marks)<\/h4>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Methods of irrigation, necessity and advantages, perennial and inundation irrigation, water requirement of crops \u2014 duty, delta, base period. Hydrology \u2014 rainfall, rain gauges, Thiessen&#8217;s polygon method, runoff, river gauging, maximum flood discharge (Ryve&#8217;s and Dicken&#8217;s formulae). Diversion head works \u2014 weirs, barrages, head regulators, percolation and uplift pressure. Storage head works \u2014 dam site selection, types of dams, gravity dams, earth dams, tank sluices. Irrigation canals \u2014 classification, cross-sections, canal lining, canal regulation works, cross drainage works (aqueducts, super passage, siphon), soil erosion causes and prevention.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\">Unit 8: Geotechnical Engineering (10 Marks)<\/h4>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Soil mechanics fundamentals, soil as a three-phase system, index properties (water content, specific gravity, void ratio, porosity), particle size distribution, Atterberg limits, field density tests. Soil water, effective and neutral pressure, Darcy&#8217;s law, permeability tests. Compaction \u2014 Proctor test, OMC, maximum dry density. Site investigation \u2014 boring methods, Standard Penetration Test, geophysical methods. Bearing capacity \u2014 Terzaghi&#8217;s theory, plate load test. Foundation engineering \u2014 shallow and deep foundations, pile foundations, well foundations\/caissons.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\">Unit 9: Transportation Engineering (10 Marks)<\/h4>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Highway engineering \u2014 history of road development in India, IRC road classification, highway planning and surveys, traffic engineering (traffic volume, OD studies, sight distances, intersections, road markings, traffic signals). Highway geometrics \u2014 camber, gradient, super-elevation, horizontal and vertical curves, road drainage, road construction (WBM, bituminous roads, flexible and rigid pavements). Railway engineering \u2014 permanent way components, rails, sleepers, points and crossings, station yards, signalling. Bridges and culverts \u2014 classification, foundations, substructure, superstructure. Tunnel engineering and airport engineering basics \u2014 runway, apron, taxiway layout.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\">Unit 10: Environmental Engineering (10 Marks)<\/h4>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Water supply engineering \u2014 water demand estimation, population forecasting methods, sources of water, intakes, pipe materials and joints. Water purification \u2014 quality standards, aeration, sedimentation, filtration, disinfection\/chlorination, distribution systems (dead end, grid, radial, ring). Sanitary engineering \u2014 sewerage systems (separate, combined, partially separate), sewer appurtenances, sewage characteristics (BOD, COD, pH). Sewage treatment and disposal \u2014 screening, sedimentation, trickling filters, activated sludge process, septic tanks, oxidation ponds. Drainage and sanitation in buildings, rural sanitation, biogas plants, Pollution Control Board functions.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"mt-3 -mb-1 text-[1.125rem] font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kerala_PSC_KWA_Draftsman_Grade_1_Civil_Exam_Pattern_2026\"><\/span><strong>Kerala PSC KWA Draftsman Grade 1 Civil Exam Pattern 2026<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Each of the 10 syllabus units carries equal weightage (10 marks), so candidates should avoid skipping any single unit \u2014 especially high-scoring, application-based sections like Surveying, Quantity Surveying, Theory of Structures, and Environmental Engineering, which are frequently repeated across Overseer\/Draftsman-level Kerala PSC exams.<\/p>\n<div class=\"overflow-x-auto w-full px-2 mb-6 print:overflow-x-visible\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<table class=\"min-w-full border-collapse text-sm leading-[1.7] whitespace-normal\">\n<thead class=\"text-left\">\n<tr>\n<th class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.6)] py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\" scope=\"col\">Feature<\/th>\n<th class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.6)] py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\" scope=\"col\">Detail<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Mode of Exam<\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">OMR\/Online (as decided by Kerala PSC)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Total Units<\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Marks per Unit<\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">10 Marks each<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Total Marks<\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Question Type<\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Objective type (Multiple Choice Questions)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Medium<\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">English\/Malayalam (as per PSC notification)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Negative Marking<\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">As per standard Kerala PSC rules<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 class=\"mt-3 -mb-1 text-[1.125rem] font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kerala_PSC_Draftsman_Grade_1_Electrical_%E2%80%93_KWA_Detailed_Syllabus_2026\"><\/span><strong>Kerala PSC Draftsman Grade 1 Electrical \u2013 KWA Detailed Syllabus 2026<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Apart from the topics detailed above, questions from other topics prescribed for the educational qualification of the post may also appear in the question paper. There is no undertaking that all the above topics will be covered in the question paper.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\">Module 1: Fundamentals of Electricity (10 Marks)<\/h4>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Voltage, current, resistance, energy, power \u2014 definitions and units. Ohm&#8217;s law and simple problems related to power and energy. Resistance in series and parallel \u2014 simple problems. Kirchhoff&#8217;s laws (KCL and KVL).<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Electrostatics and Electromagnetism:<\/strong> Laws of electrostatics, permittivity, electric flux, flux density, potential and potential difference \u2014 equations and problems. Lightning phenomenon, potential gradient, dielectric strength, capacitors in series and parallel, energy stored in a capacitor. Coulomb&#8217;s law, permeability, magnetic flux, flux density, reluctance, mmf, Faraday&#8217;s law of electromagnetic induction, Lenz&#8217;s law, self-inductance, mutual inductance, energy stored in an inductor, Fleming&#8217;s laws.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\">Module 2: Semiconductor Diodes &amp; Transistors (10 Marks)<\/h4>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Energy band diagrams of conductors, insulators, semiconductors \u2014 intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, doping, P &amp; N type, majority\/minority carriers. PN junction \u2014 drift and diffusion current, depletion layer, potential barrier, forward\/reverse bias, Zener and avalanche breakdown, VI characteristics, static\/dynamic resistance. Types of diodes \u2014 power, Zener, varactor, tunnel diode. DC load line analysis, half-wave, full-wave and bridge rectifiers, capacitor filter circuits, Zener regulator circuits.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Transistors:<\/strong> CB, CE, CC configurations, current relations, input\/output characteristics and resistance, current gain, voltage gain, leakage current. Transistor biasing techniques, DC load line, operating point stabilization, single-stage CE amplifier.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>FET &amp; Power Electronics:<\/strong> JFET, MOSFET (depletion and enhancement types), UJT, opto-electronic devices (photoresistors, photodiodes, phototransistors, photovoltaic cells, LEDs, LCDs, opto-couplers). SCR, diac, triac, commutation circuits, DC motor drives, LVDT, induction heating, dielectric heating, integrated circuit technology, SMD.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Power Supply:<\/strong> Voltage regulation (line and load), shunt\/series voltage regulators, fixed and variable power supplies, current limiting, foldback limiting, SMPS, UPS (online and offline types).<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\">Module 3: AC Fundamentals, Safety &amp; Batteries (10 Marks)<\/h4>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Generation of AC voltage, equation of voltage, amplitude, frequency, cycle, time period, average value, instantaneous value, RMS value, form factor, peak factor \u2014 with problems. AC through resistance, inductance and capacitance. Star and delta connections in 3-phase AC systems \u2014 line and phase relationships.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Safety, First Aid, Batteries &amp; Solar Cells:<\/strong> Basic safety requirements, electric shock and its prevention, first aid, installation\/care\/maintenance of batteries and solar cells, determining total number of cells for a given power requirement.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\">Module 4: Operational Amplifiers &amp; Oscillators (10 Marks)<\/h4>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Differential amplifier, op-amp parameters, virtual ground, input offset voltage\/current, input bias current, CMRR, slew rate. Characteristics of ideal\/actual op-amp \u2014 inverting, non-inverting amplifier, voltage follower, comparator, difference amplifier, summing amplifier, integrators, differentiators. Zero crossing detector, Schmitt trigger, window detector, log\/antilog amplifier, instrumentation amplifier.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>DAC\/ADC:<\/strong> R-2R ladder DAC, counter type, dual slope integration, successive approximation and flash ADC. Precision rectifiers, active filters (LPF, HPF, BPF), RC phase shift and Wien bridge oscillators, astable\/monostable multivibrators, triangular wave generator, PLL (lock range, capture range, applications), VCO, LM566 timer, IC 555 working principle.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Oscillators:<\/strong> Barkhausen criterion, RC oscillators (phase shift, Wien bridge), LC oscillators (Hartley, Colpitts), crystal oscillator. Multivibrators \u2014 bistable, monostable, astable (using transistors), triggering methods, Schmitt trigger operation, UTP and LTP.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\">Module 5: Wiring Accessories &amp; Power Electronics (10 Marks)<\/h4>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Various wiring systems, wires (single strand\/multistrand), current ratings. Fuses \u2014 cartridge and HRC. Switches \u2014 SPST, SPDT, TPTT, ICDP, ICTP, toggle switch, limit switch. Safety devices \u2014 MCB, ELCB, RCCB. Electrical illumination. Earthing \u2014 pipe and plate earthing.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Power Electronics:<\/strong> Half-wave and full-wave rectifiers with\/without filters, UJT relaxation oscillator, FET, JFET, Triac, Diac, IGBT, SCR \u2014 operation and maintenance of inverter, regulated DC power supply, battery charger, UPS.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\">Module 6: Digital Electronics (10 Marks)<\/h4>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Number systems \u2014 decimal, binary, hexadecimal, octal conversions, Gray code, BCD code. Boolean algebra, switching and logic levels, Boolean theorems, De Morgan&#8217;s theorem. Logic gates \u2014 NOT, AND, OR, XOR, NAND, NOR, X-NOR. Half adder, full adder. Flip-flops \u2014 RS, gated, JK flip-flops. Counters, shift registers.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Microcontroller basics:<\/strong> 8051 architecture, features, flag registers, general purpose registers.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Logic Families:<\/strong> SSI, MSI, LSI, VLSI, ULSI \u2014 positive\/negative logic, TTL and Schottky TTL, ECL, CMOS logic family, VIL\/VIH\/VOL\/VOH, noise margin, propagation delay, current sourcing\/sinking, fan-in, fan-out, power dissipation.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Semiconductor Memory:<\/strong> ROM and RAM working, static RAM, dynamic RAM, flash ROM, NVRAM, SDRAM, EDO RAM, secondary memory, optical memory, magnetic bubble memory.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\">Module 7: DC &amp; AC Machines (10 Marks)<\/h4>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>DC Generator:<\/strong> Construction, working, classification, EMF equation, wave and lap windings, characteristics \u2014 simple problems.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>DC Motor:<\/strong> Construction, working, types, EMF equation, torque, starters, speed control, testing, MG set.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>AC Machines:<\/strong> Transformer \u2014 construction, principle, types, EMF equation, transformation ratio, losses, efficiency, all-day efficiency (simple problems). Three-phase induction motor \u2014 principle, construction, types, slip, torque, losses, efficiency, power stages, speed control, starters. Alternators \u2014 construction, principle, EMF equation, losses, efficiency. Three-phase synchronous motor. Single-phase and FHP motors \u2014 single-phase induction motor, universal motor, AC series motor, servomotor, stepper motor, split-phase motor.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\">Module 8: Television &amp; Communication Systems (10 Marks)<\/h4>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Television:<\/strong> Luminance, chrominance, compatibility, additive\/subtractive colour mixing. Colour TV camera working, Delta gun, Trinitron picture tubes. NTSC, SECAM, PAL systems \u2014 advantages\/disadvantages. PAL-D coder, frequency interleaving, PAL-D receiver, AFT, colour encoder, colour killer, colour controls. HDTV, digital TV. Satellite TV receiving system \u2014 antenna, LNA, LNB, FEC, digital satellite receiver, CCTV, MATV, CATV systems. Video recording \u2014 VHS, U-matic, VCD, DVD, MPEG.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Communication Systems:<\/strong> EM waves and propagation. Modulation \u2014 AM, FM, phase modulation, AM\/FM detection, superheterodyne receiver, bandwidth. PAM, PCM, ASK, FSK, BPSK, QPSK, Offset PSK, BFSK, MSK. Noise in communication systems, SNR improvement methods. Antenna \u2014 radiation pattern, point source, gain, directivity, aperture, effective area, beamwidth, radiation resistance. Types \u2014 half-wave dipole, folded dipole, Yagi-Uda, Marconi, rhombic, parabolic antennas, antenna arrays (end-fire, broadside).<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\">Module 9: Measurements and Measuring Instruments (10 Marks)<\/h4>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Electrical measuring instruments \u2014 voltmeter, ammeter, energy meter, wattmeter, single\/three-phase power measurement, measurement of resistance, inductance and capacitance, power factor meter, synchroscope, TOD meter, CRO, insulation megger, earth megger, multimeter, CT and PT.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Electronic Measuring Instruments:<\/strong> Analog and digital meters, Wheatstone bridge, Q meter, CRO, signal generator, recorders, data acquisition systems.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\">Module 10: Microcontroller (10 Marks)<\/h4>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Features and architecture of 8051 \u2014 memory organization, program memory, data memory, internal RAM structure, B register, accumulator, register banks, bit addressable area, special function registers, program status word, flags. Architecture of ports, timer\/counter (different modes), serial communication port (different modes), SBUF, interrupts, external ROM\/RAM interfacing, addressing modes.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"mt-3 -mb-1 text-[1.125rem] font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kerala_PSC_Draftsman_Grade_1_Electrical_Exam_Pattern_2026\"><\/span><strong>Kerala PSC Draftsman Grade 1 Electrical Exam Pattern 2026<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table class=\"min-w-full border-collapse text-sm leading-[1.7] whitespace-normal\">\n<thead class=\"text-left\">\n<tr>\n<th class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.6)] py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\" scope=\"col\">Feature<\/th>\n<th class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.6)] py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\" scope=\"col\">Detail<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Mode of Exam<\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">OMR\/Online (as decided by Kerala PSC)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Total Modules<\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Marks per Module<\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">10 Marks each<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Total Marks<\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Question Type<\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Objective type (Multiple Choice Questions)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Medium<\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">English\/Malayalam (as per PSC notification)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Negative Marking<\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">As per standard Kerala PSC rules<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kerala_PSC_Draftsman_Grade_1_Mechanical_Detailed_Syllabus_2026\"><\/span><strong>Kerala PSC Draftsman Grade 1 Mechanical Detailed Syllabus 2026<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h4 class=\"mt-3 -mb-1 text-[1.125rem] font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>PART I: Questions Based on Diploma in Mechanical Engineering<\/strong><\/h4>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\">I. Industrial Management<\/h4>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Principles of Management:<\/strong> Meaning of management, Taylor&#8217;s scientific management, functions of management, types of ownership, organizational structure.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Wage Payment System:<\/strong> Types of wages \u2014 nominal, real, living, fair, minimum wages; incentives.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Quality Planning:<\/strong> Definitions of quality, dimensions of quality, TQM concept.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Project Management Techniques:<\/strong> Network analysis, terms used in CPM and PERT, EFT, LFT, critical path, event, slack\/float, dummy activity, network diagram construction and numbering, Fulkerson&#8217;s rule, simple CPM problems (AOA method), PERT \u2014 comparison with CPM, expected time calculation, event\/activity\/successor\/predecessor terms, earliest expected time, latest allowable time, slack.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Quantitative Techniques:<\/strong> Linear programming \u2014 formulation of LPP, transportation problem (North West corner rule, Vogel&#8217;s approximation method), simple problems. Game theory \u2014 two-person zero-sum game, maximin\/minimax principle, saddle point.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Materials and Sales Management:<\/strong> Inventory management \u2014 definition, classification, purchase procedure, buying techniques, EOQ, ABC analysis. Stores management \u2014 store keeping functions, duties of storekeeper, store layout, centralized\/decentralized store, store records, indent forms, bin card, store ledger. Sales \u2014 importance, functions, sales forecasting.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\">II. Industrial Engineering<\/h4>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Production Planning and Control:<\/strong> Concepts of industry, production and productivity, methods of increasing productivity, types of production (job, batch, mass, continuous), PPC benefits and functions, pre-planning activities (forecasting, plant location, product planning, design and development, material selection).<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Process Planning:<\/strong> Determination of men, machines, material and tool requirements, choice of machine, break-even analysis, process sheet, process planning procedure. Routing, scheduling, dispatching, value engineering. Plant location and layout \u2014 factors in plant location, types of layouts, advantages\/disadvantages. Plant maintenance \u2014 types.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Method Study:<\/strong> Work study \u2014 advantages and applications. Therbligs and symbols, process chart symbols, operation process chart, flow process chart, man-machine chart, right hand-left hand chart, simo chart, flow diagram, principles of motion economy, work place layout, material handling. Work measurement objectives, stopwatch time study, standard time calculation, production study, work sampling.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Inspection and Quality Control:<\/strong> Concepts of quality control, product control, types of inspection (first piece, working, sample, operation, key operation, floor\/patrolling, centralized), advantages and limitations.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Fundamental Statistical Concepts:<\/strong> Variability in measurements, variable, attribute, frequency, frequency distribution, frequency plot, normal distribution curve, tally sheet, mean, mode, median, standard deviation calculation. Statistical quality control \u2014 control charts (X, R, P, 100P, C).<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Project Analysis:<\/strong> Need and scope, constituent elements \u2014 production cost, market survey, selling price, capital investment, return on investment, elements of costing, classification of costs, depreciation types, obsolescence. Machining time calculation for turning, drilling, shaping \u2014 simple problems.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\">III. Metallurgy and Machine Tools<\/h4>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>1. Material Science:<\/strong><br \/>\nMetals and alloys \u2014 structure of materials, crystal structure (BCC, FCC, HCP), ferrous and non-ferrous metals. Cast iron \u2014 white, malleable, grey, nodular. Pig iron manufacture (blast furnace), cast iron manufacture (cupola furnace). Types and manufacture of steel \u2014 Bessemer process, LD process, open hearth, electric furnace. Steel alloys, non-ferrous metals \u2014 aluminium, copper and alloys, crucible furnace.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Heat Treatment:<\/strong> Cooling curve for pure iron, iron-carbon equilibrium diagram, TTT diagram, micro-constituents of steel. Heat treatment processes \u2014 annealing, normalizing, hardening, tempering, martempering, austempering, case hardening (cyaniding, nitriding, carburising), age hardening, induction hardening, flame hardening, residual stress.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Properties, Testing &amp; Inspection:<\/strong> Mechanical properties (strength, hardness, toughness, brittleness, creep, fatigue, stiffness, ductility, malleability, elasticity, plasticity). Thermal properties (specific heat, thermal conductivity\/resistance\/diffusivity). Destructive testing \u2014 tensile, compressive, hardness, impact, fatigue, creep tests. Non-destructive testing \u2014 radiographic, ultrasonic, spark test, magnetic particle, X-ray, dye penetration.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>2. Manufacturing Process:<\/strong><br \/>\nMeasuring instruments, gauges and comparators \u2014 vernier caliper, micrometer, plug\/ring\/snap\/screw pitch\/feeler\/wire gauges, mechanical\/electrical\/optical\/pneumatic comparators.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Welding, Soldering, Brazing:<\/strong> Arc welding principle, positions, welded joint types, electrode selection and coatings. Gas welding \u2014 flame types, oxy-acetylene equipment. Submerged arc, TIG, MIG, atomic hydrogen, thermit welding. Welding defects \u2014 porosity, poor penetration, warping, undercut, distortion, cracks. Soldering and brazing.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Foundry:<\/strong> Tools (rammer, trowel, slick, lifter, strike-off bar, bellow, sprue pin, mallet, gate cutter, swab, vent rod, draw spike, moulding box). Moulding sand composition and types (green, dry, parting, loam, facing, core sand), sand properties. Pattern types and allowances (shrinkage, draft, machining, distortion, rapping).<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Bench Work and Fitting:<\/strong> Fitting operations (chipping, filing, scraping, grinding, sawing, marking, drilling, reaming, tapping, dieing). Tools \u2014 vices, files, chisels, hammers, hacksaw, scrapers, punches, surface plate\/gauge, V-block, angle plate, try square, combination set, steel rule, calipers, divider, scriber, drills, reamer, tap and die.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>3. Machine Tools:<\/strong><br \/>\nMetal cutting \u2014 orthogonal\/oblique cutting, chip formation, cutting speed, feed, depth of cut, tool life, machinability.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Lathe \u2014 types, parts and functions, accessories, work\/tool holding devices, speed\/feed\/depth of cut, taper turning methods, lathe specification.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Drilling machines \u2014 classification, work holding devices, drill bit types, operations. Shaping, slotting, planing machines \u2014 general use, parts and functions. Milling machines \u2014 types, cutter holding devices, milling operations (plain milling, keyways, gang milling, T-slot milling), conventional vs climb milling, indexing types. Broaching machines. Gear manufacture \u2014 hobbing. Jigs and fixtures \u2014 definitions.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Grinding \u2014 abrasives (natural, artificial), bonding materials, grinding wheel specifications, cylindrical grinders (centre type, centreless type). Capstan and turret lathe \u2014 construction, tooling layout. Automatic and copying machines, flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) \u2014 components. Robots and robotics \u2014 elements, joint types, robotic arms\/hands. CNC machine tools \u2014 brief description.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\">IV. Fluid Mechanics, Pneumatics and Hydraulic Machines<\/h4>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>1. Fluid Mechanics and Pneumatics:<\/strong><br \/>\nProperties of fluids \u2014 density, specific weight, specific volume, specific gravity, viscosity, kinematic viscosity, Newton&#8217;s law of viscosity, compressibility, surface tension, capillarity.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Fluid pressure and measurement \u2014 pressure at a point, pressure head, Pascal&#8217;s law, absolute\/gauge\/atmospheric\/vacuum pressure, piezometer tube, simple\/differential\/inverted differential manometer, Bourdon&#8217;s tube gauge, total pressure.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Kinematics and dynamics of fluid flow \u2014 types of flow (steady\/unsteady, uniform\/non-uniform, laminar\/turbulent, compressible\/incompressible, rotational\/irrotational), rate of flow, equation of continuity, energy of liquid in motion (potential, kinetic, pressure, total), Bernoulli&#8217;s equation and applications, venturimeter, orifice meter, pitot tube.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Flow through orifices, notches, pipes and nozzles \u2014 vena contracta, coefficients of contraction\/velocity\/discharge, notch types, losses in pipes (major and minor), Darcy&#8217;s and Chezy&#8217;s formulae, sudden enlargement\/contraction losses, water hammer, nozzles.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Fluid power \u2014 basic laws and applications. Hydraulic system \u2014 elements, oil reservoir, pump unit, positive displacement pump types (gear, screw, vane, lobe, piston pumps). Control elements \u2014 pressure control valves (relief, poppet), direction control valves, check valves, flow control valves (gate, globe, butterfly, non-return).<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Pneumatic system \u2014 comparison with hydraulic system, standard symbols, air filter, pressure regulator, lubricator, mufflers, pneumatic control valves, air cylinders.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>2. Hydraulic Machines:<\/strong><br \/>\nImpact of jets \u2014 force on stationary\/vertical\/inclined\/curved plates, moving plates. Impulse turbines \u2014 Pelton wheel components. Reaction turbines \u2014 Francis, Kaplan turbines, draft tubes, specific speed. Centrifugal pumps \u2014 casing types, piping system, work done, manometric head, efficiencies, multistage pumps, cavitation, priming. Reciprocating pumps \u2014 types, comparison with centrifugal pumps, discharge, slip, air vessels, hydraulic ram.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\">V. Applied Mechanics, Strength of Materials and Design of Machine Elements<\/h4>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>1. Applied Mechanics &amp; Strength of Materials (5 Marks):<\/strong><br \/>\nDirect stresses and strains \u2014 tensile\/compressive, longitudinal\/lateral strain, Poisson&#8217;s ratio, stress-strain diagram for mild steel, limit of proportionality, elastic limit, yield point, ultimate stress, working stress, factor of safety, Hooke&#8217;s law, Young&#8217;s modulus, principle of superposition, stresses in varying\/composite sections.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Shear stress and strain \u2014 modulus of rigidity, volumetric strain, bulk modulus. Thermal stress and strain \u2014 stresses due to temperature change, composite bars.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Truss analysis \u2014 types of frames, redundancy, free body diagram, equilibrium, method of joints and sections. Friction \u2014 types, laws, angle\/coefficient of friction, cone of friction.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Centre of gravity and moment of inertia of sections \u2014 centroids, axis of symmetry, common geometric sections, radius of gyration.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Riveted joints \u2014 lap and butt joints, failure modes (shearing, crushing, tearing), strength and efficiency, caulking and fullering. Welded joints \u2014 terminology, strength.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Thin cylinders \u2014 hoop stress, longitudinal stress. Torsion of circular shafts \u2014 torsion equation, solid\/hollow shaft strength, power equation, polar moment of inertia. Springs \u2014 leaf springs, helical springs.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Shear force and bending moment \u2014 beam types (cantilever, simply supported, overhanging, fixed, continuous), loading types, SFD\/BMD for cantilever and simply supported beams, maximum bending moment, deflection of beams. Columns and struts \u2014 buckling load, equivalent length, slenderness ratio, column types.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>2. Machine Drawing and Design of Machine Elements:<\/strong><br \/>\nScrew threads \u2014 terminology, forms (square, V-thread), Whitworth, BA, American standard, Acme, ISO metric threads, single\/multi-start, right\/left-hand threads, bolted connections.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Welded joints and piping layout \u2014 weld classification, welding symbols, pipe types, pipe joints, orthographic symbols for fittings and valves.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Limits, fits and tolerances \u2014 definitions. Surface roughness \u2014 terminology, values, grades, symbols.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">General design considerations \u2014 design stress, working stress, factor of safety, kinematic link\/pair\/chain, four-bar chain, mechanisms, inversion.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Bolts, nuts and keys \u2014 screw thread designation, stresses due to static\/external loading, bolts of uniform strength, key types, sunk key design.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Shafts \u2014 torsional stress\/strain, solid\/hollow shaft strength and rigidity, power transmission. Couplings \u2014 requirements, types. Bearings \u2014 functions, classification (radial, thrust, sliding contact, rolling contact).<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Cams \u2014 follower and cam classification, motion types (uniform velocity, SHM, uniform acceleration\/retardation), cam terminology, displacement diagrams.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Governors and flywheels \u2014 functions, types (Watt governor, Porter governor), comparison, coefficient of fluctuation of speed\/energy.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Belt drives \u2014 types (flat, circular\/rope, V-belt), open\/crossed\/compound belt drive, stepped\/cone pulley drive, velocity ratio, slip, creep.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Gears and gear trains \u2014 functions, friction wheels, spur gear nomenclature, simple gear drive, velocity ratio, simple and compound gear trains.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\">VI. Thermal Engineering<\/h4>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Air standard cycles \u2014 assumptions, air standard efficiency of Carnot, Otto, Diesel, dual combustion cycles. Fuels and combustion \u2014 classification, merits\/demerits, requirements of a good fuel, calorific value, combustion.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Testing of IC engines \u2014 indicated power, brake power, friction power, mechanical\/indicated thermal\/brake thermal\/relative efficiency, fuel consumption, Morse test, heat balance sheet.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Heat transfer \u2014 conduction, convection, radiation, Fourier&#8217;s law, thermal conductivity, plane\/composite wall conduction, black body concept, Stefan-Boltzmann law, Newton-Rikhman equation, free\/forced convection.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Heat exchangers \u2014 classification (recuperator, regenerative, parallel\/counter\/cross flow), overall heat transfer coefficient, LMTD.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Air compressors \u2014 construction, working, classification, reciprocating (single\/two stage), rotary compressors, fans and blowers, centrifugal and axial flow compressors, mechanical\/volumetric efficiency.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">IC engine systems \u2014 fuel systems, carburetion, diesel fuel system, fuel filter, injector\/injection nozzle, ignition system, cooling system, radiators, lubrication system, governing systems (quantity, quality, hit and miss).<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Refrigeration \u2014 definition, C.O.P, unit of refrigeration, reversed Carnot cycle, applications. Vapour compression refrigeration \u2014 principle, working, C.O.P. Refrigeration equipment \u2014 compressors, condensers, evaporators, expansion devices (capillary tube, thermostatic expansion valve). Refrigerants \u2014 primary\/secondary, desirable properties.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Psychrometry \u2014 dry\/moist\/saturated\/unsaturated air, degree of saturation, DBT, WBT, dew point temperature. Psychrometric processes \u2014 sensible heating\/cooling, humidifying, dehumidifying.<\/p>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Air conditioning \u2014 definition, human comfort factors, effective temperature, classification (industrial, comfort), summer\/winter\/year-round air conditioning systems.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"mt-3 -mb-1 text-[1.125rem] font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>PART II: Questions Based on Engineering Mathematics<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ol class=\"[li_&amp;]:mb-0 [li_&amp;]:mt-1 [li_&amp;]:gap-1 [&amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [&amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-decimal flex flex-col gap-1 pl-8 mb-3 print:block print:space-y-1\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"><strong>Matrices<\/strong> \u2014 Identification of matrices, matrix operations, adjoint and inverse.<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"><strong>Determinants<\/strong> \u2014 Evaluation of second and third order, minors and cofactors, solving simultaneous linear equations in three unknowns using Cramer&#8217;s rule.<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"><strong>Binomial Series<\/strong> \u2014 Expansions using the Binomial theorem.<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"><strong>Trigonometric Functions<\/strong> \u2014 Signs of functions in each quadrant, trigonometric values of angles, properties, applications of sin(A\u00b1B), cos(A\u00b1B), tan(A\u00b1B).<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"><strong>Coordinate Geometry<\/strong> \u2014 Equations of a straight line (slope-intercept form, intercept form), angle between two lines, conditions for perpendicularity\/parallelism.<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"><strong>Differentiation<\/strong> \u2014 Limits and continuity, derivatives of functions, tangents and normals, maxima and minima of functions of one variable.<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"><strong>Integration<\/strong> \u2014 Integration of different types of functions.<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"><strong>Applications of Integration<\/strong> \u2014 Area bounded by a curve and X\/Y axis, solving differential equations by variable separable method, first-order linear differential equations.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kerala_PSC_Draftsman_Grade_1_Mechanical_Exam_Pattern_2026\"><\/span><strong>Kerala PSC Draftsman Grade 1 Mechanical Exam Pattern 2026<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"overflow-x-auto w-full px-2 mb-6 print:overflow-x-visible\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<table class=\"min-w-full border-collapse text-sm leading-[1.7] whitespace-normal\">\n<thead class=\"text-left\">\n<tr>\n<th class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.6)] py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\" scope=\"col\">Feature<\/th>\n<th class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.6)] py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\" scope=\"col\">Detail<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Post<\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Overseer\/Draftsman (Mechanical) Gr. I<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Recruitment Type<\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Part I \u2013 Direct Recruitment, Part II \u2013 Departmental Quota<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Part A<\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Diploma in Mechanical Engineering topics<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Part B<\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Engineering Mathematics<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Question Type<\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Objective type (Multiple Choice Questions)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Medium<\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">English\/Malayalam (as per PSC notification)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">Negative Marking<\/td>\n<td class=\"border-b-0.5 border-[hsl(var(--border-300)\/0.3)] py-2 pr-4 align-top\">As per standard Kerala PSC rules<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 class=\"mt-3 -mb-1 text-[1.125rem] font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kerala_PSC_KWA_Draftsman_Grade_1_Preparation_Tips_2026_%E2%80%93_Exam_Strategy\"><\/span><strong>Kerala PSC KWA Draftsman Grade 1 Preparation Tips 2026 &#8211; Exam Strategy<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal\" dir=\"ltr\">Here are targeted preparation strategies for each of the syllabus covered \u2014 organized so you can jump straight to the one relevant to your exam.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>KWA Draftsman Grade 1 Civil Post 2026<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul class=\"[li_&amp;]:mb-0 [li_&amp;]:mt-1 [li_&amp;]:gap-1 [&amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [&amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc flex flex-col gap-1 pl-8 mb-3 print:block print:space-y-1\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"><strong>Start with Surveying (Units 1 &amp; 2)<\/strong> \u2014 these carry 20\/100 marks combined and questions repeat heavily across Overseer\/Draftsman exams year after year. Focus on bearing calculations, reduced level problems, and theodolite traversing numericals.<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"><strong>Construction Materials &amp; Technology (Units 3 &amp; 4, 20 marks)<\/strong> \u2014 memorize IS code numbers, cement test names, and brick\/masonry bond types using flashcards; these are fact-heavy, not numerical.<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"><strong>Theory of Structures (Unit 5)<\/strong> \u2014 practice SFD\/BMD sketching daily; this is the most numerical-heavy unit and needs repetition, not just reading.<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"><strong>Quantity Surveying (Unit 6)<\/strong> \u2014 master centre-line and long wall-short wall methods with at least 10 solved compound-wall problems; also revise valuation\/depreciation formulas.<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"><strong>Irrigation, Geotechnical, Transportation, Environmental (Units 7\u201310)<\/strong> \u2014 treat these as definition\/terminology-heavy; make a one-page glossary for each (duty-delta, OMC, camber, BOD\/COD) since MCQs test recall over calculation here.<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Solve <strong>previous Overseer\/Draftsman\/Sub Engineer question papers<\/strong> \u2014 this combined-category syllabus repeats across departments (PWD, Harbour Engineering, Universities), so old papers are gold.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>KWA Draftsman Grade 1 Electrical Post 2026<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul class=\"[li_&amp;]:mb-0 [li_&amp;]:mt-1 [li_&amp;]:gap-1 [&amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [&amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc flex flex-col gap-1 pl-8 mb-3 print:block print:space-y-1\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"><strong>Fundamentals + AC Systems (Modules 1 &amp; 3)<\/strong> are pure formula-based \u2014 drill Ohm&#8217;s law, Kirchhoff&#8217;s laws, and RMS\/peak\/form factor numericals until they&#8217;re automatic.<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"><strong>Semiconductor Devices &amp; Op-Amps (Modules 2 &amp; 4)<\/strong> need circuit diagrams memorized, not just theory \u2014 practice drawing rectifier, regulator, and oscillator circuits from memory.<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"><strong>Digital Electronics (Module 6)<\/strong> \u2014 number system conversions and logic gate truth tables are high-yield, low-effort marks; do these first if short on time.<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"><strong>DC\/AC Machines (Module 7)<\/strong> \u2014 focus on EMF equations and simple numerical problems on generators, motors, and transformers; these are consistently asked.<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"><strong>Television &amp; Communication (Module 8)<\/strong> is the most unfamiliar\/dense module for many candidates \u2014 allocate extra revision time here, focusing on modulation types and PAL\/NTSC differences rather than deep technical derivations.<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"><strong>Microcontroller (Modules 6 &amp; 10)<\/strong> \u2014 build one clear diagram of 8051 architecture and label every register; questions often test identification, not deep programming.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>KWA Draftsman (Mechanical) Grade 1 2026<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul class=\"[li_&amp;]:mb-0 [li_&amp;]:mt-1 [li_&amp;]:gap-1 [&amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [&amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc flex flex-col gap-1 pl-8 mb-3 print:block print:space-y-1\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">This is the most content-heavy syllabus of the four \u2014 prioritize by mark weightage: Applied Mechanics\/Strength of Materials, Fluid Mechanics\/Hydraulic Machines, and Thermal Engineering typically carry the most questions.<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Industrial Management &amp; Industrial Engineering \u2014 focus on CPM\/PERT numericals, EOQ, and work-study terminology (Therbligs, process charts); these are scoring once formulas are memorized.<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Metallurgy &amp; Machine Tools \u2014 build comparison tables (heat treatment processes, lathe vs milling operations, NDT methods) since this section is almost entirely factual recall.<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Fluid Mechanics, Pneumatics &amp; Hydraulic Machines \u2014 this overlaps heavily with Civil syllabus fluid mechanics; if you&#8217;re also preparing for a Civil post, cross-study this section together to save time.<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Applied Mechanics &amp; SFD\/BMD \u2014 same core mechanics concepts as the Civil syllabus; practice problems can be shared across both preparations.<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Part II \u2013 Engineering Mathematics is a guaranteed scoring section if prepared separately \u2014 allocate focused time to matrices, determinants, differentiation\/integration basics, and coordinate geometry, since these questions are formula-direct with no ambiguity.<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Don&#8217;t neglect Thermal Engineering (air standard cycles, refrigeration, psychrometry) \u2014 it&#8217;s often underprepared by candidates but consistently tested.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 class=\"mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>General Tips for All Streams<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul class=\"[li_&amp;]:mb-0 [li_&amp;]:mt-1 [li_&amp;]:gap-1 [&amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [&amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc flex flex-col gap-1 pl-8 mb-3 print:block print:space-y-1\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Build a single master revision sheet per syllabus with formulas, IS code references, and key terms \u2014 MCQ exams reward fast recall over deep derivation.<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Attempt previous year Kerala PSC papers for Draftsman, Overseer, and Sub Engineer posts across departments (KWA, PWD, Irrigation, Harbour Engineering) \u2014 significant topic and question overlap exists.<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Time-box each module based on its mark weightage rather than personal interest \u2014 a 10-mark module deserves proportionally more prep time than a 5-mark one.<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Revise in cycles, not once \u2014 go through all modules at least twice before the exam, since the sheer breadth of these syllabi makes single-pass study ineffective.<\/li>\n<li class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\">Mock tests under OMR conditions in the final two weeks help build speed and reduce negative marking losses from careless errors.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"modal\" id=\"modal25556384\"><div class=\"modal-content\"><span class=\"close-button\">&times;<\/span>\n\n<div class=\"wpcf7 no-js\" id=\"wpcf7-f25556384-o1\" lang=\"en-US\" dir=\"ltr\" data-wpcf7-id=\"25556384\">\n<div class=\"screen-reader-response\"><p role=\"status\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-atomic=\"true\"><\/p> <ul><\/ul><\/div>\n<form action=\"\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25588959#wpcf7-f25556384-o1\" 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wpcf7-validates-as-required wpcf7-text wpcf7-validates-as-tel\" aria-required=\"true\" aria-invalid=\"false\" placeholder=\"Phone Number\" value=\"\" type=\"tel\" name=\"phone\" \/><\/span>\n\t\t<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"custom-form-group-1\">\n\t\t<div class=\"custom-select-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<p><span class=\"wpcf7-form-control-wrap\" data-name=\"language\"><select class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-select wpcf7-validates-as-required cf7-0678-exam-language\" aria-required=\"true\" aria-invalid=\"false\" name=\"language\"><option value=\"\">Select Language<\/option><option value=\"Malayalam\">Malayalam<\/option><option value=\"Tamil\">Tamil<\/option><option value=\"Telugu\">Telugu<\/option><option value=\"Kannada\">Kannada<\/option><option value=\"Hindi\">Hindi<\/option><\/select><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"custom-form-group-1\">\n\t\t<div class=\"custom-select-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<p><span class=\"wpcf7-form-control-wrap\" data-name=\"course\"><select class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-select wpcf7-validates-as-required cf7-0678-exam-category-select\" aria-required=\"true\" aria-invalid=\"false\" name=\"course\"><option value=\"\">Select an option<\/option><option value=\"Kerala PSC Exams\">Kerala PSC Exams<\/option><option value=\"Teaching Govt Exams\">Teaching Govt Exams<\/option><option value=\"Technical Govt Exams\">Technical Govt Exams<\/option><option value=\"SSC RRB\">SSC RRB<\/option><option value=\"Banking\">Banking<\/option><option value=\"Coding\">Coding<\/option><option value=\"Digital Marketing\">Digital Marketing<\/option><option value=\"Language Learning\">Language Learning<\/option><option value=\"Accounting &amp; Taxation\">Accounting &amp; Taxation<\/option><option value=\"SAP\">SAP<\/option><option value=\"Personal Finance\">Personal Finance<\/option><option value=\"Civil &amp; Mech Upskilling\">Civil &amp; Mech Upskilling<\/option><option value=\"Electronics Upskilling\">Electronics Upskilling<\/option><option value=\"Montessori &amp; Yoga TTC\">Montessori &amp; Yoga TTC<\/option><option value=\"Healthcare\">Healthcare<\/option><option value=\"HR Management\">HR Management<\/option><option value=\"College Entrance Exams\">College Entrance Exams<\/option><option value=\"Accounting\">Accounting<\/option><option value=\"TNPSC\">TNPSC<\/option><option value=\"Other Exams\">Other Exams<\/option><\/select><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"custom-form-group-1\">\n\t\t<div class=\"custom-select-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<p><span class=\"wpcf7-form-control-wrap\" data-name=\"exam-name\"><select class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-select wpcf7-validates-as-required cf7-0678-exam-name-select\" aria-required=\"true\" aria-invalid=\"false\" name=\"exam-name\"><option value=\"\">Select an option<\/option><option value=\"Degree Level Exams\">Degree Level Exams<\/option><option value=\"Plus two Level exams\">Plus two Level exams<\/option><option value=\"10th level exam\">10th level exam<\/option><option value=\"LGS (Company Board, University etc)\">LGS (Company Board, University etc)<\/option><option value=\"LDC\">LDC<\/option><option value=\"Village Field Assistant\">Village Field Assistant<\/option><option value=\"Assistant salesman\">Assistant salesman<\/option><option value=\"Secretariat OA\">Secretariat OA<\/option><option value=\"Uniform Posts(Police, Excise, Forest, Fire)\">Uniform Posts(Police, Excise, Forest, Fire)<\/option><option value=\"BevCo LD\">BevCo LD<\/option><option value=\"Devaswom Board LDC\">Devaswom Board LDC<\/option><option value=\"Driver Exams\">Driver Exams<\/option><option value=\"SBCID\">SBCID<\/option><option value=\"LSGD\">LSGD<\/option><option value=\"Secretariant Assistant\">Secretariant Assistant<\/option><option value=\"Company Board Assistant\">Company Board Assistant<\/option><option value=\"University Assistant\">University Assistant<\/option><option value=\"Kerala Administrative Tribunal\">Kerala 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AI Course<\/option><\/select><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"d-none\">\n\t\t<p><span class=\"wpcf7-form-control-wrap\" data-name=\"education\"><input size=\"40\" maxlength=\"400\" class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-text wpcf7-validates-as-required\" aria-required=\"true\" aria-invalid=\"false\" placeholder=\"Educational qualification\" value=\"\" type=\"text\" name=\"education\" \/><\/span>\n\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t<div style=\"display:none\">\n\t\t<input class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-hidden utm-so\" value=\"\" type=\"hidden\" name=\"utm_source\" \/>\n\t\t<input class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-hidden utm-medium\" value=\"\" type=\"hidden\" name=\"utm_medium\" \/>\n\t\t<input class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-hidden utm-campaign\" value=\"\" type=\"hidden\" name=\"utm_campaign\" \/>\n\t\t<input class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-hidden utm-content\" value=\"\" type=\"hidden\" name=\"utm_content\" \/>\n\t\t<input class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-hidden utm-term\" 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<script>document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\",function(){document.querySelectorAll('.wpcf7-form').forEach(function(e){e.addEventListener('submit',function(){if(document.getElementById('cf-turnstile-cf7-1972535984')){setTimeout(function(){turnstile.reset('#cf-turnstile-cf7-1972535984');},1000)}})})});<\/script> <\/div><br\/><input class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-submit has-spinner\" type=\"submit\" value=\"Submit\" \/>\n\t\t<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"wpcf7-response-output\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/div>\n<\/form>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kerala PSC has released the Category No. 079\/2026 notification for the post of Draftsman Grade I \/ Sub Engineer under the Kerala Water Authority (KWA), offering a pay scale of \u20b936,500\u2013\u20b989,000. With the last date to apply being 02 September 2026, this is an excellent opportunity for Civil Engineering diploma holders. In this blog, we [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":115,"featured_media":25656242,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[802,1757],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25588959","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","category-kerala-psc-technical"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>KWA Draftsman Grade 1 Syllabus 2026 &amp; Exam Pattern - PDF<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Download the KWA Draftsman Grade 1 Syllabus 2026 PDF for Civil, Mechanical &amp; Electrical. 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