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The extends keyword is used to inherit properties and methods from a parent class.
A Unary Operator operates on a single operand. The increment operator (++) increases the value of its operand by one.
The switch statement evaluates an expression, matches the expression’s value to a case label, and executes the statements associated with that case.
The break statement terminates the nearest enclosing loop (for, while, do-while) or switch statement.
A do-while loop checks its condition after executing the loop body. Therefore, the body is always executed at least one time, even if the condition is initially false.
The standard syntax for declaring an array in Java is type[] arrayName; or type arrayName[]; int[] arr; is the most common convention.
Arrays in Java are zero-indexed, meaning the first element is at index 0. For an array of length n, the indices range from 0 to n-1.
Java has 8 primitive data types: byte, short, int, long, float, double, boolean, and char. String, Array, and Object are non-primitive (reference) types.
Instance and array variables of type boolean are initialized to false by default.
A class is the fundamental building block of an object-oriented program. It defines the properties (fields) and behaviors (methods) that objects of that type will have.