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A refrigerant is a working fluid used in the refrigeration cycle of air conditioning systems and heat pumps where in most cases they undergo a repeated phase transition from a liquid to a gas and back again.
It is very important that the refrigerant has a low boiling point, that is it should have the ability to turn into gas easily when it absorbs heat.
If it has a high boiling point, the compressor will have to create too much of a vacuum in order to lower the pressure to make vaporization happen.

Hoffman kiln is also known as flame kiln which is a continuous burning kiln which is used world wide. In India Bulls trench kiln are used generally.

Hoffman kiln is used world wide and it is a over ground structure. The working principle of both Hoffman kiln and the bulls trench kiln is the same.

There are 500 bricks in one cubic metre taken as standard. Unit weight of brick work is equal to 19 -20 kN per cubic metre.

The hollow bricks are used for thermal insulation, sound proof, damp proof and for speedy construction. They are light in weight.

In gears the ratio of pitch circle diameter in millimeters to the members of teeth is called module. “Module” is the unit of size that indicates how big or small a gear is. It is the ratio of the reference diameter of the gear divided by the number of teeth. The module describes the size of a gear. A pair of gears can only mesh correctly if and when the base pitch is the same.

The molten material is poured in the pouring cup, which is part of the gating system that supplies the molten material to the mold cavity. The vertical part of the gating system connected to the pouring cup is the sprue, and the horizontal portion is called the runners and finally to the multiple points where it is introduced to the mold cavity called the gates.

Time taken by an object to make one revolution is known as time period (T). Period
The number of complete cycles produced in one second is called frequency.
.The SI unit for frequency is the hertz (Hz),

Tweezers are small tools used for picking up objects too small to be easily handled with the human fingers. The word is most likely derived from tongs, pincers, or scissors-like pliers used to grab or hold hot objects.

A standard brick constitutes about 50% to 60% of silica and is the major ingredient in the bricks. Another chief ingredient is Alumina (clay) which constitutes about 20% to 30%.

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