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Different parts of carriage include
carriage return leaver. This advances the line once. Think of it like an enter key. Next to it, you will usually find the lime space selector which allows you to chose between single or double spacing, and sometimes other options as well. The main roller is called the Platen, the rollers on top are called the bail rollers, and the rollers on the undersides are the feed rollers. The paper release leaver allows you to move the page freely without turning the platen, and the carriage release allows you to move the carriage freely from side to side. The ratchet detent allows you to turn the platen without the clicks, and the button on the left knob allows you to reset the line spacing. In the back, usually behind or near the paper table, are the margins.

When the refrigerant enters the compressor it is in a vapor state. It enters the compressor because it is literally being sucked into it. That is why the side of the compressor where refrigerant enters is called the suction side or low pressure side.

The high pressure and temperature vapour refrigerant from the compressor is
passed through the condenser where it is completely condensed at constant
pressure p2 and temperature T2 as shown by the horizontal line 2-3 on T-s and p-h
diagrams. The vapour refrigerant is changed into liquid refrigerant. The refrigerant,
while passing through the condenser, gives its latent heat to the surrounding
condensing medium.

Star Connection in a 3 Phase System. In the Star Connection, the similar ends (either start or finish) of the three windings are connected to a common point called star or neutral point. The three line conductors run from the remaining three free terminals called line conductors. when Three equal impedance are first connected in star across balanced three phase up
connected in delta across the same supply the power will increased 3 times

A doubly excited machine means supply(either ac or dc or both) is given to both of the parts i.e. to the rotor as well as to the stator.

In the case of synchronous motor, when 3 phase ac supply is provided to the stator, it produces a rotating magnetic field.

In the most common use of the oscilloscope the signal to be studied is first amplified and then applied to the vertical (deflection) plates to deflect the beam vertically and at the same time a voltage that increases linearly with time is applied to the horizontal (deflection) plates thus causing the beam to be deflected horizontally at a uniform (constant> rate. The signal applied to the verical plates is thus displayed on the screen as a function of time. The horizontal axis serves as a uniform time scale.

The gauge of a railway track by definition is the clear minimum perpendicular distance between the inner faces of the two rails

An obstacle is one which prevents the direct measurement of that part of the line which the object intersects.

Geodimeter uses laser for distance measurement and tellurimeter is used for distance measurements upto 30m.

When a straight line and a curve is to be joined a transition curve is introduced in between them. A transition curve is a curve of constantly varying radius, used to join a circular arc to a straight line or to an arc of different curvature.

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