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In the prismatic compass the circle is read at the observer’s end instead of the target’s end so the graduations run clockwise from the south end of the needle that is 0 to 360 degrees. north end lies at 180 degree.

In electronics, a sample and hold (S/H, also “follow-and-hold”) circuit is an analog device that samples (captures, takes) the voltage of a continuously varying analog signal and holds (locks, freezes) its value at a constant level for a specified minimum period of time. Sample and hold circuits are typically used in analog-to-digital converters to eliminate variations in input signal that can corrupt the conversion process.

Voltage source inverter is normally used when source inductance is small and load inductance is large.
In current source inverter source inductance is large and load inductance is small.
Supply is a constant voltage source for a voltage source inverter

Freewheeling diode action comes into picture if inductor is present at the load .
Advantages of freewheeling diode are:
The continuity behaviour of output current can be improved.
Input power factor is improved.
Negative spikes in output voltage is removed.

MOSFET basically has faster switching time than BJT , thus less switching loss. A MOSFET can have high conduction loss.

Morgan chopper consists of SCR T1 ,The SCR T1 is main SCR whereas diode D1, capacitor C and saturable reactor SR makes commutation circuit for the SCR T1.

PSW (Program Status Word) represents the contents of the accumulator and the flag.

A system on a chip (SoC) combines the required electronic circuits of various computer components onto a single, integrated chip (IC).
SoC is a complete electronic substrate system that may contain analog, digital, mixed-signal or radio frequency functions.

Alternators carry damper winding (copper bars) to prevent hunting (momentary speed fluctuations). They also provide starting torque in synchronous motors by means of eddy currents set in them. Under running conditions the rotor is continuously running at synchronous speed, so the damper winding does not carry any current.

Power factor is determined by phase difference or angle between terminal voltage and armature current per phase. Terminal voltage differs from no load value due to armature resistance, leakage reactance and armature reaction. These vary as load on alternator varies.

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