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Since a counter is constructed using flip-flops, therefore, the propagation delay in the counter occurs only due to the flip-flops. One bit change is 15 ns, so 4-bit change = 15 X 4 = 60.

Decade counter has 10 states. So, three decade counters are cascaded i.e. 10 X 10 X 10=1000 states.

A ripple counter is something that is derived by other flip-flops. Its like a series of Flip Flops. Output of one FF becomes the input of the next. Because ripple counter is composed of FF only and no gates are there other than FF, so only propagation delay of FF will be taken into account. Propagation delay refers to the amount of time taken in producing an output when the input is altered.

A principle regarding most display decoders is that when the correct input is present, the related output will switch LOW. Since it? an active-low device.

Since, the LSB flip-flop changes its state at each negative transition of clock. That is why LSB flip-flop doesn? have toggle.

Synchronous Counter is a Medium Scale Integrated (MSI).
In Synchronous Counters, the clock pulse is supplied to all the flip-flops simultaneously.
Therefore, the correct option is C.

Three decade counter has 30 states and a BCD counter has 10 states. So, it would require 3 BCD counters. Thus, a three decade counter will count from 0 to 29.

BCD counter is also known as decade counter because both have the same number of stages and both count from 0 to 9.

The parallel outputs of a counter circuit represent the clock count. A counter counts the number of times an event takes place in accordance to the clock pulse.
The properties of a counter are timing , sequencing , and counting.
A Counter is a device that stores the number of times a particular event has occurred, often in relationship to a clock signal.

A binary counter counts or produces the equivalent binary number depending on the cycles of the clock input. Modulus-10 means count from 0 to 9. So, terminal count is 9 (1001).

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