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From the cut off characteristics, the base emitter voltage (VBE) in a cut off region is less than 0.7V. The cut off region can be considered as ?ff mode?Here, VBE > 0.7 and IC=0. For a PNP transistor, the emitter potential must be negative with respect to the base.

Sometimes DC current gain of a bipolar transistor is too low to directly switch the load current or voltage, so multiple switching transistors is used. The load is connected to supply and the transistor switches the power to it.

The resolution of a digital multimeter traditionally was specified in terms of the number of digits displayed. Typically this will be a number consisting of an integer and a half, e.g. 3 ? digits. By convention a half digit can display either a zero or 1.

Depending on the range of input voltage, resolution of 3 1/2 digit multimeter varies. For 1V range, the output of 3 1/2 digital multimeter can be 0.999V maximum with the resolution of 1mV i.e. the minimum output of 0.001V.

Since the advent of digital multimeters (DMM), all the measurement displays have digits. … The display digits refer to the level of resolution that the DMM can measure. Resolution is the level of detail that is quantifiable on a DMM. The higher the number of DMM display digits, the higher the resolution of the DMM.

Shift Registers are used for data storage or for the movement of data and are therefore commonly used inside calculators or computers to store data such as two binary numbers before they are added together, or to convert the data from either a serial to parallel or parallel to serial format.

Digital signals transmitted on a single conductor (and a ground) must be transmitted in series

Three Types of Digital Multimeters
A fluke digital multimeter is used mainly for calibration efforts. It can be used to calibrate volts, currents, and other electrical units.
A clamp digital multimeter uses built-in tools to measure electrical flow. …
An autoranging digital multimeter is used for easier projects.

The resistance offered per volt of full scale deflection by the multimeter is known as multimeter sensitivity. it indicates the internal resistance of the multimeter. If the sensitivity of a multimeter is high, it means that it has high internal resistance.

It can be represented up to 16 different values with the help of Nibble. Though Nibble is a combination of four bits and it takes four bits to represent a single BCD or hexadecimal digit.

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