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PIVOT rotates a table-valued expression by turning unique values from one column into multiple columns.
SUM OVER() with a window frame calculates a running total based on the specified order.
INTERSECT returns only the rows that are common to both queries, removing duplicates.
LIMIT restricts the number of rows returned by a query, often used with ORDER BY.
MERGE performs insert, update, or delete operations on a target table based on a source table match.
The RANK() function assigns a rank to each row within a partition of a result set, useful for ordered data.
The JOIN clause, when used with the same table, enables a self-join to compare rows within it.
The WITH clause defines a CTE, allowing reusable subqueries for complex queries.
COALESCE() returns the first non-NULL value in a list of arguments, useful for handling NULLs.
ROLLUP, used with GROUP BY, generates subtotals and a grand total for grouped data.