Solution:

• Sampling theorem states that in order to accurately reconstruct a continuous-time signal from its samples, the sampling frequency must be at least twice the highest frequency component of the signal.
• This theorem ensures that no information is lost during the sampling process.
• Sampling theorem can be seen as a fundamental bridge between continuous time signals and discrete time signals. It finds its application in Pulse Code Modulation (PCM).
• Pulse-code modulation is a method used to digitally represent sampled analog signals and coding the measured amplitude into a series of binary values, which are transmitted by modulation of a pulsed, or intermittent, carrier.
• It is used in telephony and compact discs. Pulse Code Modulation is used in satellite transmission systems and space communications.