Solution:

There are 46 chromosomes (23 pair) in human beings. Of these, 44 are somatic chromosomes and two are sex chromosomes. A somatic chromosome pair contains two identical chromosomes. Thus in human beings there are 22 pairs of somatic chromosomes.

Sex chromosomes are of two types. They are called X chromosome and Y chromosome. Females have two X chromosomes and males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome. ie., the genetic makeup of female is 44 + XX and that of male is 44 + XY.