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? The most abundant fossil fuel in the earth is coal.
? The main component of coal is carbon.
? Based on the carbon content this is classified into four groups as peat, Lignite, anthracite and bituminous coal.
When one metal replaces another metal from its salt solution, the type of reaction is termed as a displacement reaction.
Addition reaction is a class of chemical reactions in which an atom or group of atoms is added to a molecule.
A combination reaction is a reaction in which two reactants combine to form one product. Oxygen and the halogens are very reactive elements and are likely to undergo combination reactions with other elements.
A double displacement reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which the reactant ions exchange places to form new products.
An oxide is a category of chemical compound that has one or more oxygen atoms as well as another element in its composition. Binary oxygen compounds containing electropositive metals are metallic oxides, while those having nonmetals are non-metallic oxides.
Non – metal oxides are acidic in nature. When a base reacts with non – metal oxide, both neutralize each other resulting respective salt and water are produced.
Organometallic compounds find wide use in commercial reactions, both as homogenous catalysts and as stoichiometric reagents.
Major industrial processes include hydrogenation, hydrosilylation, hydrocyanation, olefin metathesis, alkene polymerization, alkene oligomerization, hydrocarboxylation, methanol carbonylation, and hydroformylation.
Freezing is a phase transition where a liquid turns into a solid when its temperature is lowered below its freezing point.
Freezing occurs when the molecules of a liquid slow down enough that their attractions cause them to arrange themselves into fixed positions as a solid.
The polar covalent bond is a type of covalent bond formed between two non – identical atoms . Since the two atoms differ in their capacity to attract the shared electron pair unequal sharing of electrons results . Due to the unequal sharing of electrons , fractional positive and negative charges are developed on the bonded atoms and the bond is said to be polar .
The non – polar covalent bond is a covalent bond in which the difference in electronegativity between bonded atoms is less than 0 .5 .
? Edward Tsiolkovsky was a Russian and Soviet rocket scientist.
? Vikram Ambalal Sarabhai was considered as the Father of the Indian space program.
? Raman effect, change in the wavelength of light that occurs when a light beam is deflected by molecules, most of this scattered light is of unchanged wavelength. A small part, however, has wavelengths different from that of the incident light; its presence is a result of the Raman effect.
? The early era of space exploration was driven by a ” Space Race” between the Soviet Union and the united states.
? Space race happened during the period of political hostility between the Soviet Union and the united states known as the cold war.
A true solution is a mixture of two or more than two substances . The solute can’t be seen even with a microscope . The particles are smaller than 1 nanometer .
An alloy is an admixture of metals, or a metal combined with one or more other elements. For example, combining the metallic elements gold and copper produces red gold, gold and silver becomes white gold, and silver combined with copper produces sterling silver.
Milk, smoke , clouds are example of colloidal mixtures .