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A genus is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, as well as viruses, in biology. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus.

The rickettsiae are a diverse collection of obligately intracellular Gram-negative bacteria found in ticks, lice, fleas, mites, chiggers, and mammals. They include the genera Rickettsiae, Ehrlichia, Orientia, and Coxiella. These zoonotic pathogens cause infections that disseminate in the blood to many organs.

Autosomes are numbered chromosomes that contain genes for anything that does not relate to sex determination. Humans have 22 pairs of autosomes (or 44 in total) that are numbered 1 through 22. These numbers indicate the size of the autosome. For example, chromosome 1 is the longest, and chromosome 22 is the shortest.

The stem, black, and cereal rusts are caused by the fungus Puccinia graminis and are a significant disease affecting cereal crops. Crop species that are affected by the disease include bread wheat, durum wheat, barley and triticale. These diseases have affected cereal farming throughout history. Since the 1950s, wheat strains bred to be resistant to stem rust have become available. Fungicides effective against stem rust are available as well.

The gas confuses the olfactory receptors and has a numbing effect on them. … Lighting a match produces sulfur dioxide, which masks the odor of compounds in farts and feces that make them smell bad

Because each element has an exactly defined line emission spectrum, scientists are able to identify them by the color of flame they produce. For example, copper produces a blue flame, lithium and strontium a red flame, calcium an orange flame, sodium a yellow flame, and barium a green flame.

Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose is one of the most prominent first Indian scientists who proved by experimentation that both animals and plants share much in common.

In some species pollination by rain splashes, a condition known as ombrophily, has been proposed as a floral strategy.

Albinism is the “congenital absence of any pigmentation or colouration in a person, animal or plant, resulting in white hair and pink eyes in mammals.” Varied use and interpretation of the terms mean that written reports of albinistic animals can be difficult to verify. Albinism can reduce the survivability of an animal; for example, it has been suggested that albino alligators have an average survival span of only 24 hours due to the lack of protection from UV and their lack of camouflage to avoid predators. Albino animals have characteristic pink or red eyes because of the lack of pigment in the iris allows the blood vessels of the retina to be visible.

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