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In botany, a stoma is a tiny opening or pore that is used for gas exchange.
They are mostly found on the under-surface of plant leaves.
In a stoma, there is the chloroplast, a cell wall, a vacuole and a cell nucleus.
Air enters the plant through these openings.
The carbon dioxide is used in photosynthesis.

The answer is: A. Parthenocarpy
Parthenocarpy is the development of fruit without fertilization. It can occur naturally in some plants, or it can be induced artificially using plant hormones. Parthenocarpic fruits are often seedless, but they can still be edible and nutritious.
The other options are incorrect:
B. Apogamy: Apogamy is a type of asexual reproduction in which an embryo develops from a cell other than an egg cell. It does not involve fruit development.
C. Polycarpe: Polycarpe is a plant that produces fruit multiple times in its lifetime. It is not related to fruit development without fertilization.
D. Porogamy: Porogamy is a type of pollination in which pollen grains are transferred to the stigma of a flower through a pore in the anther. It is not related to fruit development without fertilization.

The alveoli are where the lungs and the bloodstream exchange carbon dioxide and oxygen. Carbon dioxide in the blood passes into the lungs through the alveoli. Oxygen in the lungs passes through the alveoli into the blood.

Entomophily or insect pollination is a form of pollination whereby pollen of plants, especially but not only of flowering plants, is distributed by insects.
Anemophily or wind pollination is a form of pollination whereby pollen is distributed by wind. Almost all gymnosperms are anemophilous, as are many plants in the order Poales, including grasses, sedges and rushes.
Ornithophily or bird pollination is the pollination of flowering plants by birds.
Autogamy, or self-fertilization, refers to the fusion of two gametes that come from one individual. Autogamy is predominantly observed in the form of self-pollination, a reproductive mechanism employed by many flowering plants.

Cinchona is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae containing at least 23 species of trees and shrubs. They are native to the tropical Andean forests of western South America.

The bark of trees in this genus is the source of a variety of alkaloids, the most familiar of which is quinine, an antipyretic (anti-fever) agent especially useful in treating malaria.

Insulin (from Latin insula, island) is a peptide hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreatic islets; it is considered to be the main anabolic hormone of the body. It regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and protein by promoting the absorption of carbohydrates, especially glucose from the blood into liver, fat and skeletal muscle cells. In these tissues, the absorbed glucose is converted into either glycogen via glycogenesis or fats (triglycerides) via lipogenesis, or, in the case of the liver, into both. Glucose production and secretion by the liver is strongly inhibited by high concentrations of insulin in the blood. Circulating insulin also affects the synthesis of proteins in a wide variety of tissues. It is, therefore, an anabolic hormone, promoting the conversion of small molecules in the blood into large molecules inside the cells. Low insulin levels in the blood have the opposite effect by promoting widespread catabolism, especially of reserve body fat.

The human insulin protein is composed of 51 amino acids, and has a molecular mass of 5808 Da. It is a dimer of an A-chain and a B-chain, which are linked together by disulfide bonds. Insulin’s structure varies slightly between species of animals. Insulin from animal sources differs somewhat ineffectiveness (in carbohydrate metabolism effects) from human insulin because of these variations. Porcine insulin is especially close to the human version and was widely used to treat type 1 diabetics before human insulin could be produced in large quantities by recombinant DNA technologies.

Leprosy, also known as Hansen’s disease (HD).
It is a long-term infection by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae.
Affects skin,eyes,nose,peripheral nerves,mucosa of upper respiratory tract.
It is transmitted through droplets from nose and mouth during close contact with an affected person.

silicon-
Transistors are made of semiconductor chemical elements, usually silicon, which belongs to the modern Group 14 (formerly Group IV) in the periodic table of elements. Germanium, another group-14 element, is used together with silicon in specialized transistors.

Arsenic -Blue
Copper halide -Blue-green
Iron -Gold
Indium -Blue
Potassium -Light purple to red

Most of the nutrients in food fall into three major groups: proteins, fats, and carbohydrates.
The two main forms of carbohydrates are sugars (such as fructose, glucose, and lactose) and starches, which are found in foods such as starchy vegetables, grains, rice, breads, and cereals.
Carbohydrates provide your body with energy.
The simplest are sugars, like glucose, fructose, sucrose and lactose.
Complex carbohydrates, like starch, are made up of lots of sugar molecules joined together.
The ‘identity tags’ (antigens) on the surface of all cells are made from carbohydrates joined to proteins.

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