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Vibrio is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria, possessing a curved-rod shape (comma shape), several species of which can cause foodborne infection, usually associated with eating undercooked seafood.
Vibrio species typically possess two chromosomes, which is unusual for bacteria.
Bacteria are grouped under four categories based on their shape.
The spherical coccus, the rod shaped bacillus, the comma shaped vibrium, and the spiral shaped spirillum.

Jacquemier’s sign – a purplish discoloration of the mucous membrane of the vagina that occurs early in pregnancy.

A number below 7 means that urine is on the acid side.
The lower the number, the more acidic the condition.
The ideal urine reading should be between 6.5- 7.5

The normal potassium level in the blood is 3.5-5.0 milliEquivalents per liter (mEq/L).
Potassium levels between 5.1 mEq/L to 6.0 mEq/L are considered to be mild hyperkalemia.
Potassium levels of 6.1 mEq/L to 7.0 mEq/L are moderate hyperkalemia, and levels above 7 mEq/L reflect severe hyperkalemia.

An outbreak (epidemic) of disease in a bird population is called Epornithic.

Sushruta is the most celebrated physician and surgeon in India.
Though he practiced during the 5th century B.C., many of his contributions to medicine and surgery preceded similar discoveries in the Western world.
Sushruta devotes a complete volume of his experiences to ophthalmologic diseases.

A quarantine is used to separate and restrict the movement of people; it is ‘a restraint upon the activities or communication of persons or the transport of goods designed to prevent the spread of disease or pests’, for a certain period of time.

Vitamin A supplementation gives to children from the age of 1 to 6 years should by every 4-6 months.

The small intestine of a human can be as long as six to eight meters long, depending on age and size of being.
The junction of small intestine and large intestine is Caecum.
The longest part of the small intestine is Iliam
Large intestine- 1.5m
Oesophagus- 25cm.
Alimentary canal- 30 feet or 9m.(approx)

Sterilization is defined as the process where all the living microorganisms, including bacterial spores are killed.
Sterilization can be achieved by physical, chemical and physio chemical means.
Chemicals used as sterilizing agents are called chemi sterilants.
Disinfection is the process of elimination of most pathogenic microorganisms (excluding bacterial spores) on inanimate objects.

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