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The Chandra X-ray Observatory (CXO), previously known as the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF), is a Flagship-class space observatory launched on STS-93 by NASA on July 23, 1999.The telescope is named after the Nobel Prize-winning Indian-American astrophysicist Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar.He was awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize for Physics with William A. Fowler for “Theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of the stars”.