Kerala PSC HSA Physical Science Online Coaching

Module I : Renaissance and freedom movement

Module II: General Knowledge and current affairs

Module III: Methodology of teaching the subject

• History/conceptual development
• Correlation with other subjects and life situations.
• Aims, Objectives, and Values of Teaching 
• Taxonomy of Educational Objectives 
• Pedagogic analysis
• Planning of instruction at Secondary level
• Psychological bases of Teaching the subject
•  Implications of Piaget, Bruner, Gagne, Vygotsky, Ausubel and Gardener
• Individual difference, Motivation, Maxims of teaching.
•  Methods and Strategies of teaching the subject
•  Models of Teaching, Techniques of individualizing instruction.
•  Curriculum - Definition, Principles
• Modern trends and organizational approaches, Curriculum reforms - NCF/KCF.
• Teacher - Qualities and Competencies 
• Essential teaching skills
• Microteaching 
• Action research.
•  Instructional resources- Laboratory, Library, Club, Museum- Visual and Audio-Visual aids 
• Community based resources 
•  e-resources - Textbook, Workbook and Handbook.
• Assessment; Evaluation- Concepts, Purpose, Types, Principles,
•  Modern techniques - CCE and Grading- Tools and techniques 
•  Qualities of a good test - Types of test items- Evaluation of projects, Seminars and Assignments - Achievement test, Diagnostic test Construction, Characteristics, interpretation and remediation. 

Module I

• Particle dynamics
• Newton’s laws of motion, rotational dynamics, conservation laws
• Linear momentum, angular momentum, energy. Simple harmonic motion, damped and forced oscillations, wave motion-progressive waves, superposition of waves, Doppler effect.
• Frames of reference, special theory of relativity
• Elasticity
• Young’s modulus, rigidity modulus, bulk modulus, surface tension, viscosity.

Module II

• Electrostatics, transient current, current electricity
• Electromagnetic induction, alternating current, magnetic properties of materials.
• Semiconductor physics- diodes
• Transistors, amplifiers, oscillators, logic gates.

 Module III

• Reflection, refraction, dispersion, interference, diffraction, scattering
• Polarization, fibre optics, lasers, basic idea of spectroscopy.
• Heat and thermodynamics
• Conduction, convection, radiation
• Laws of thermodynamics, Carnot engine, entropy.
• Statistical distribution-ensemble, phase space
• Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics.

 Module IV

• Bohr atom model, vector atom model
• Hydrogen spectra, nuclear structure and properties
• Radio activity, nuclear fission and fusion, elementary particles.
• Crystal structure, crystal symmetry, miller indices, brevais lattice
• Bragg’s law, packing fraction, super conductivity.
• Wave nature of matter, uncertainty principle
• Postulates of wave mechanics, Schrodinger equation. 

 Module V

• Eigen functions and Eigen values 
• Postulates of quantum mechanics Time Schrödinger wave equation 
• Application to particle in a one dimensional box
• Normalization of wave functions 
• Application of Schrödinger wave equation to hydrogen atom 
• Conversion of cartesian coordinates to polar coordinates 
• Radial and angular functions 
• Henry's law , Raoult's law - Dilute solutions 
• Colligative properties - Abnormal molecular mass
• Van’t Hoff factor.
• Solubility product and common ion effect, precipitation of cations 
• Principles of volumetric analysis, Theories of indicators.
• Principles and applications of Column chromatography
• Paper chromatography, Thin layer chromatography, Ion exchange chromatography
• Rf values. 
• Structure and applications of silicones, silicates and zeolites
• Cement , Glass , Inorganic fertilizers , Rocket propellants (Brief study)
• Types of pollution: Air and water. 
• Pollutants
• Orbitals and concept of Quantum numbers
• Energy levels in molecules 
• Oppenheimer approximation
• Rotational, vibrational, Raman, Electronic and NMR spectroscopy
• Basic Principles and applications. Elements of symmetry of molecules
• Amorphous and crystalline solids
• Defects in crystals - Stoichiometric and non stoichiometric defects
• Ideal and non ideal solutions 
• Control of air and water pollution 

Module VI

• Atom Models– Planck’s quantum Theory
• Photoelectric effect -de Broglie's relation
• Dual nature of matter and radiation
• Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. Atomic orbitals and Quantum numbers 
• Pauling’s Exclusion principle 
• Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity Aufbau’s principle
• Electronic configuration of atoms. 
• Ionic bond – Properties - Born-Lande equation (derivation not expected) 
• Haber cycle – Fajan's rules and its applications. Covalent bond - Valence bond theory–VSEPR Theory - Concept of Hybridisation –-Types: sp, sp2, sp3, dsp2, sp3d, d2sp3,sp3d2 - Explanation with simple examples.Molecular Orbital Theory – LCAO - Bonding and anti bonding molecular orbitals - Bond order. 
• Theories of Metallic bonding: Free electron theory, valence bond theory and band theory Hydrogen bond – Intra and inter molecular hydrogen bond. 
• Periodic laws, – Periodic properties 
• Electronegativity scales (Pauling and Mullikan scales)
• Effective nuclear charge – Slater rule – Diagonal relationship 
• Representative and Transition Elements 
• General Characteristics, preparation and properties of simple compounds. Lanthanides and actinides
• Splitting of d-orbitals in octahedral, tetrahedral and square planar complexes
• Applications 
• Metals: Occurrence, Concentration of ores
• Refining of metals, Extractive metallurgy of Al, Fe, Ni, Cu and Ti 
• Classification of steel, hardening of steel. 
• Isomerism in coordination compounds
• Werner’s theory -EAN rule - Valence bond theory
• Crystal filed theory
• Organometallic Compounds: Definition
• Classification and Applications 
• Radioactivity –Natural and artificial
• Nuclear stability – N/P ratio –Nuclear forces –Half life period
• Gieger Nuttal rule
• Disintegration series – Transmutation
• Nuclear fission and Nuclear fusion
• Application of radioactive isotopes 

Module VII

• Postulates of kinetic theory of gases
• Collision number. 
• First law of thermodynamics 
• Joule-Thomson effect - Liquefaction of gases
• Inversion temperature.
• Second law of thermodynamics 
• Concept of entropy 
• Entropy as criteria of spontaneity
• Free energy functions
• Hess’s law, Bond energies
• Third law of thermodynamics.
• Law of mass action 
• Law of chemical equilibrium
• Equilibrium constant in terms of concentration, partial pressure and mole fractions Van't Hoff’s equation
• Homogeneous and heterogeneous equilibria 
• Le Chatelier’s Principle and its applications. 
• Rate of a reaction
• Factors influencing the rate of a reaction
• Rate law - Order and molecularity
• Rate constants for first, second, third and zero order reactions - half life period for first order reaction
• Arrhenius equation 
• Collision theory 
• Transition state theory
• Homogeneous and heterogenous catalysis
• Enzyme catalysis 
• Photosynthesis 
• Simple Photochemical reactions 
• Fluorescence
• Phosphorescence 
• Arrhenius theory
• Ostwald’s dilution law 
• Debye Huckel
• Onsager's equations for strong electrolytes
• Chemisorption and physisorption
• Factors affecting adsorption 
• Adsorption isotherms Classification
• Preparation, purification and properties of colloids
• Protective colloids - Gold number
• Applications of colloids.
• Phase Equilibria:Components and degrees of freedom
• One component and two component systems (Simple cases only) 
• Faraday's laws, Kohlrausch’s law 
• Galvanic cells, electrochemical series 
• Nernst equation 

Module VIII

• Baeyer strain theory
• Conformation and configuration
• Specific rotation
• Uniqueness of Carbon 
• Classification of organic compounds 
• Hybridization of carbon in organic compounds
• Structural and Stereoisomerism
• Chirality, Enantiomers
• Diastereomers
• Racemic mixture 
• Resolution methods 
• Inductive effect, Mesomeric effect
• Hyperconjugation and Electromeric effect
• Structure and stability of benzene
• Electrophilic substitution reactions in benzene with mechanisms 
• Grignard reagent
• Preparation and synthetic applications
• Classification of polymers
• Steric effect. organic reactions: Substitution, Addition
• Elimination and Rearrangement
• Mechanisms of SN1, SN2, E1 & E2
• Nomenclature of organic compounds
• Preparation and properties of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, alkyl halides, alcohols, aldehydes and ketones, carboxylic acids & their derivatives. 
• Aromaticity, Huckel's rule
• Preparation and applications of important polymers
• Biodegradable polymers 
• Biomolecules: Carbohydrates, proteins
• Nucleic acids, vitamins