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An oil refinery, commonly known as a petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where crude oil is converted and refined into useful products such as petroleum naphtha, diesel fuel, gasoline, asphalt base, kerosene, heating oil, jet fuel, liquefied petroleum gas, and fuel oils. However, India has a total of 18 public sector refineries and five refineries in the private sector or as a joint venture. Also, the largest refineries in India are RIL Jamnagar and NEL Vadinar, both in Gujarat and IOC Panipat in Haryana. Read on for more details on the oil refineries in India.
List of Oil Refineries in India
The following table shows a list of oil refineries in India, according to the Petroleum Planning and Analysis Cell of the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Government of India. The list is hereby tabulated in the decreasing order of their capacity.
| No. | Refinery | Oil company | Sector | State | Location | Capacity (106 tonnes/y) |
| 1 | Jamnagar Refinery (for exports) | Reliance Industries Limited | Private | Gujarat | Jamnagar (SEZ) | 35.2 |
| 2 | Jamnagar Refinery (for the domestic market) | Reliance Industries Limited | Private | Gujarat | Jamnagar (DTA) | 33 |
| 3 | Nayara Energy Refinery | Nayara Energy Limited | Private | Gujarat | Vadinar | 20 |
| 4 | Kochi Refinery | Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited | Public | Kerala | Kochi | 15.5 |
| 5 | Mangalore Refinery | Oil and Natural Gas Corporation | Public | Karnataka | Mangalore | 15 |
| 6 | Paradip Refinery | Indian Oil Corporation Limited | Public | Odisha | Paradip | 15 |
| 7 | Panipat Refinery | Indian Oil Corporation Limited | Public | Haryana | Panipat | 15 |
| 8 | Gujarat Refinery | Indian Oil Corporation Limited | Public | Gujarat | Vadodara | 13.7 |
| 9 | Mumbai Refinery | Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited | Public | Maharashtra | Mumbai | 12 |
| 10 | Guru Gobind Singh Refinery | Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited
HPCL Mittal Energy Limited (HMEL) |
Public | Punjab | Bathinda | 11.3 |
| 11 | Manali Refinery | Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited | Public | Tamil Nadu | Chennai | 10.5 |
| 12 | Visakhapatnam Refinery | Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited | Public | Andhra Pradesh | Visakhapatnam | 8.3 |
| 13 | Mathura Refinery | Indian Oil Corporation Limited | Public | Uttar Pradesh | Mathura | 8 |
| 14 | Haldia Refinery | Indian Oil Corporation Limited | Public | West Bengal | Haldia | 8 |
| 15 | Bina Refinery | Bharat Oman Refinery Limited | Public | Madhya Pradesh | Bina | 7.8 |
| 16 | Mumbai Refinery | Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited | Public | Maharashtra | Mumbai | 7.5 |
| 17 | Barauni Refinery | Indian Oil Corporation Limited | Public | Bihar | Barauni | 6 |
| 18 | Numaligarh Refinery | Oil India
Government of Assam |
Public | Assam | Numaligarh | 3 |
| 19 | Bongaigaon Refinery | Indian Oil Corporation Limited | Public | Assam | Bongaigaon | 2.35 |
| 20 | Guwahati Refinery | Indian Oil Corporation Limited | Public | Assam | Guwahati | 1 |
| 21 | Nagapattinam Refinery | Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited | Public | Tamil Nadu | Nagapattinam | 1 |
| 22 | Digboi Refinery | Indian Oil Corporation Limited | Public | Assam | Digboi | 0.65 |
| 23 | Tatipaka Refinery | Oil and Natural Gas Corporation | Public | Andhra Pradesh | Tatipaka | 0.07 |
Oil Refineries in India- Some Facts
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There are 23 oil refineries in India, with a capacity of processing 235 million metric tonnes (MMT) of crude annually or 4.7 million barrels per day. Moreover, India is known for importing 4 million barrels per day of crude and refining it and marketing it in domestic and international markets. Although India’s consumption was estimated at about 194 million tonnes in 2016-17 as against 148 million tonnes in 2012 fiscal, its indigenous production was 35.6 million tonnes in 2012 and it came down to 34.8 million tonnes last fiscal.
Crude oil was discovered in Digboi in the late 19th century and the first oil well was dug in 1866. Digboi is popularly known as the Oil City of Assam where the first oil well in the whole of Asia was drilled. The first refinery was started in Digboi as early as 1901. Additionally, Digboi boasts of having the oldest oil well in operation.
Did you know that India is a net exporter of gasoline, jet fuel, naphtha and gas oil? The organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is exercising to increase refining capacity to around 310 MMT by the year 2023. Moreover, it is planning in funding about $ 80 billion in petrochemicals. India’s per capita energy consumption is 0.55 tonnes of oil equivalent, which is far under the global average of 1.9 tonnes. India’s energy consumption is expected to spike to almost double by 2035. Currently, the government is in the process of adding 14,000-km gas pipelines to the existing 16,000 km pipelines.
Mumbai High, formerly known as Bombay High is India’s largest oil refinery, with a whopping 170,000 barrels per day of oil production. It is an offshore oil field that is situated 175km off the West Coast of Mumbai.
This article has covered some of the important points related to the oil refineries of India. You can also check out our wide collection of GK blogs and articles from here. Entri wishes you all a very good day!
