Table of Contents
MP or Madhya Pradesh is also called the Tiger state of India. This state was also formed on on 1 November 1956 like many other states of India. It is the 2nd largest state by an area and 5th by its population. Madhya Pradesh was the largest area state in India until 2000 when the Chhattisgarh region separated from it.
In this blog we will discuss the History, Geography, Basic facts and other important aspects of Kerala. This article is going to be very useful for aspirants who are preparing for various competitive exams.
History of MP
The interesting and unique stone-age tools were discovered from the Narmada river valley. Rock shelters and cave painting which can be dated to 30,000 BCE were discovered at a no. of places in the state. Madhya Pradesh was ruled by Maurya Empire ie Ashoka of Magadha in the 3rd century BC. During this era the region was dominated by the Maurya, Nanda and Gupt.
In November 2000, as part of the MP Reorganization Act, the southeastern portion split off to form the new state of Chhattisgarh. Below table will tell more about the hisrory of Madhya Pradesh:
| Description | Answer |
| Formed on | 1 November 1956 |
| Capital Formation | 1 November 1956 |
| Largest city | Indore |
| Another name | Heart of India |
| Rulers | Mauryan Empire
Malava Dasarna Nishada Karusha |
| Major Historical Events | MP comes into existence (1956)
First non-Cong government (1967) Discovery of Narmada man (1982) Bhopal gas tragedy (1984) Division of MP (2000) |
Geographical Structure of MP
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MP covers an area of 3,08,252 meter square. it is the 5th largest state of India with a total population of over 75 million. The average temperature of Madhya Pradesh ranges from 35°C in Summers to 25°C in Winters.
| Description | Summary |
| Total Area | 3,08,252 km² |
| Rank of the state | Area rank:- 2nd Population Rank:- 5th |
| Legislature | 231 seats |
| Parliamentary Constituency | 29 seats |
| Population | 72,626,809 |
| Rural | 53 million |
| Urban | 22 Million |
| Total Division | 10 |
| Total Districts | 52 |
| Number of Tehsil | 376 |
| Number of Blocks | 313 |
| Total number of villages | 23043 |
| Population Density | 240/km² |
| State Bounded By | Uttar Pradesh (northeast)
Chhattisgarh (southeast) Maharashtra ( south) Gujarat (west) Rajasthan (Northwest) |
| Soil & Minerals | Deep Medium Black Soil
Shallow & Medium Black Soil Alluvial Soil Mixed Red & Black Soil |
| Major Crops | Cereals
Oilseeds Commercial Crops Pulses |
| Forest Area | 94,689 sq. km. |
| Climate | Subtropical |
| Major Flora | Sal
Teak Bamboo Khair Medical Plants (Tribulus terrestres, Chlorophytum tuberosum, Cyprus rotundus,Tinospora cardifolio, Withania somnifera, Swertia chirayita,Embelia Ribes, Clitoria ternatea, Mangifera indica, Cassia fistula, Evolvulus alsinoides etc ) |
| Major Fauna | Four-horned antelope
White tiger Leopard of the Central Provinces Nimari cattle Tiger Panther Sambar deer Chinkara Cheetah Blackbuck Wild boar Hyenas |
Hills and Mountains Ranges of MP
The highest hill in MP is Mahadeo hill which is about 1352 m in height and apart from its height, it is beautiful as well.
| Hills/Mountains | Best Known | Place |
| Bandhavgarh Hill | Bandhavgarh Fort | Umaria district |
| Chauragarh Peak | Pachmarhi | Chauragarh |
| Handi Khoh | – | Pachmarhi Cantt |
| Janapav | Janapav Kuti | Indore-Mumbai highway |
| Mahadeo Hill | Mount Dhupgarh | Betul, Chhindwara and Seoni |
National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries of MP
The largest wildlife Sanctuary of MP is the Kanha National Park which has an approx area of 940 km square.
| National Parks or Wildlife Sanctuaries | Location |
| Kanha National Park | Mandla |
| Bandhavgarh National Park | Bandhavgarh, Umaria |
| Pench National Park | Seoni district |
| Satpura National Park | Madai, Sarangpur |
| Panna National Park | Chhatarpur |
| Madhav National Park | Shivpuri District |
| Sanjay National Park | Sidhi and Singrauli districts |
| Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary. | Sheopur district |
| Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary | Sagar, Damoh, Narsinghpur and Raisen |
| National Chambal Sanctuary – Gharial | Morena |
| Bandhavgarh National Park | Bandhavgarh, Umaria |
| Pench National Park | Seoni district |
| Satpura National Park | Madai, Sarangpur |
| Panna National Park | Chhatarpur |
| Madhav National Park | Shivpuri District |
| Sanjay National Park | Sidhi and Singrauli districts |
| Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary. | Sheopur district |
| Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary | Sagar, Damoh, Narsinghpur and Raisen |
| National Chambal Sanctuary – Gharial | Morena |
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Administrative Structure
MP is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal and contains the MP Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) and the secretariat. The MP High Court, located in Jabalpur, has jurisdiction over the entire state. Below table will tell you more about the Madhya Pradesh administrative structure.
Division
Madhya Pradesh is divided into 10 sections as given below:
| Division | Districts |
| Bhopal Division | Bhopal, Vidisha, Sehore, Raisen, Rajgarh |
| Chambal Division | Sheopur, Bhind, Morena |
| Gwalior Division | Guna, Gwalior, Ashoknagar, Datia and Shivpuri. |
| Indore Division | Jhabua, Khandwa, Khargone, Indore, Barwani, Burhanpur, Dhar and Alirajpur |
| Jabalpur Division | Katni, Mandla, Narsinghpur,Balaghat, Chhindwara, Jabalpur and Seoni. |
| Narmadapuram Division | Betul, Hoshangabad and Harda |
| Rewa Division | Satna, Sidhi, Rewa and Singrauli |
| Sagar Division | Tikamgarh. Niwari, Chhatarpur, Damoh, Panna, Sagar |
| Shahdol Division | Umaria, Shahdol,Anuppur Initially Dindori |
| Ujjain Division | Ratlam, Shajapur, Dewas, Mandsaur, Neemuch ,Agar and Ujjain. |
Languages of MP
There are major languages were found in MP are as follows.
| Languages | Percentage |
| Hindi | 68% |
| Malvi | 6.45% |
| Bundeli | 5.92% |
| Bagheli | 3.63% |
| Nimadi | 3.16% |
| Bhili | 2.5% |
| Marathi | 1.7% |
| Gondi | 1.57% |
| Bareli | 1.36% |
| Others | 5.71% |
Religions of MP
| Religion | Percentage |
| Hinduism | 90.80% |
| Islam | 6.57% |
| Sikh | 0.20% |
| Christianity | 0.29% |
| Buddhist | 0.30% |
| Jain | 0.78% |
| Other Religions | 0.83% |
| Not Stated | 0.13% |
Dams of MP
Some of the major dams in MP are as follows –
| Dams | Location | River | Length | Height | Capacity | Open |
| Indirasagar Dam | Khandwa district | Narmada River | 653 m (2,142 ft) | 92 m (302 ft) | 9,890,701 acre·ft | 2006 |
| Bargi Dam | Jabalpur District |
Narmada River | 5357 m | 69.80 m | 3,920 million m3 | 1988 |
| Ban Sagar Dam | shahdol | Sone River | 1,020 m (3,350 ft) | 67 m (220 ft) | 2,000,000 acre-feet (2.5 km3) | 2006 |
| Gandhi Sagar Dam | Mandsaur District | Chambal River | 514 metres (1,686 ft) | 62.17 metres (204.0 ft) | 5,936,000 acre ⋅ft |
1960 |
| Madikheda Dam | Shivpuri district |
Sindh River | 1070 m | 62 m | 901 million m3 | 2008 |
| Tawa Dam | Hoshangabad District | Tawa River | 1,815 m | 57.91 m | 9,890,701 acre·ft. | 1974 |
Rivers of MP
MP has popularly 7 rivers in which the Narmada is the longest.
| Rivers | Originates From | City | Falls or Meet | Total Length |
| Narmada | Anuppur | Jabalpur Barwani, Harda, Hoshangabad, Omkareshwar, Narmada Nagar, Dewas | Hugli river | 1070 Km |
| Chambal | Indore | Indore | Yamuna River | 965 Km |
| Betwa | Bhopal | Bhopal, Gwalior, Jhansi, Jaluan | Yamuna River | 380 km |
| Tapti | Betul | Multai | Arabian Sea | 724 Km |
| Son | Amarkantak | Sidhi, Dehri, Patna | Ganga river | 784 km |
| Shipra | North of Dhar district | Ujjain, Ratlam, Dhar, Mandsaur | Chambal River | 195 Km |
| Kali Sindh | Bagli | Indore, Bhopal. | Chambal River | 150 Km |
| Tawa | Betul District | Hoshangabad District | Narmada River | 172 Km |
Art and culture of MP
The Culture of MP is extraordinary as Four sites in MP have been declared World Heritage Sites by UNESCO: Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi (1989), Khajuraho Group of Monuments (1986), Devi Jagadambi temple, and the Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka (2003).
Folk Dances
- Rai
- Karma
- Saila
- Matki
- Gangaur
- Badhai
- Baredi
- Naurata
- Ahiri
Traditional Music
- Indian Classical Music
- Relo
- Leha Songs
- Pai Songs
Major Festivals
- Khajuraho Festival
- Bhagoria Haat Festival
- Holi
- Ujjain Kumbh Mela
- Dussehra
- Diwali
Cuisines of MP
- Poha
- Daal Bafla
- Seekh Kebabs
- Bhipali Ghost korma
- Bhutte ki Kees
- Palak Puri
- Malpua
- Jalebi
- Chakki ki Shak
- Mawa Bati
Traditional Dress
Men
- Dhoti
- Safa
Women
- Lehenga and Choli
- Odhni
Famous Temples
MP once being a part of the Bihar state is known for its rich culture and tradition. MP has around 72 main temples and the majority of them are for the worship of Lord Shiva.
| Temples | Location |
| Mahakaleshwar Jyotirlinga | Ujjain |
| Saas Bahu Temple | Gwalior |
| Bada Ganesh Ka Mandir | Ujjain |
| Kandariya Mahadeo Temple | Khajuraho |
| Kal Bhairav Mandir | Ujjain |
| Chintaman Ganesh Temple | Ujjain |
| Matangeshwar Temple | Khajuraho |
| Annapurna Temple | Indore |
| Adinath temple | Khajuraho |
| Lakshmana Temple | Khajuraho |
| Javari Temple | Khajuraho |
| Chaturbhuj Temple | Orchha |
| Omkareshwar Temple | Omkareshwar |
| Harsiddhi Temple | Ujjain |
| Bharat Milap Mandir | Chitrakoot |
| Parsvanath Temple | Khajuraho |
| Shri Pashupatinath Temple | Mandsaur |
| Chausath Yogini Temple | Bhedaghat |
| Lakshmi Narayana Temple | Bhopal |
| Gauri Somnath Mandir | Omkareshwar |
| Mamleshwar Temple | Omkareshwar |
The Economy of MP
MP has the 8th rank in GDP, Its gross state domestic product (nominal GDP) for 2013-14 was ₹ 4,509 billion. The state has the largest reserves of copper and diamond.
| Description | Summary |
| State GDP | ₹9.62 lakh crore (US$130 billion) (2019-20 est.) |
| GDP Growth | 12.2% |
| Per capita income | ₹ 90,998 |
| GDP per capita rank | 10th |
| Major Industries | Ordnance Factories IT
ITES Food Processing Auto Components Herbal, Biotech Cement Mineral Processing |
| Major Imports | Oil and petroleum
Electronics Heavy Machinery |
| Major exports | Engineering & Machine Plastic
Packaging Materials Processed & Un-Processed Food Spice & Organic Products Herbal & Pharmaceuticals Textile-Yarn & Fabric |
Airports
MP has many airports which are listed below.
| Name | Location |
| Raja Bhoj International Airport | Bhopal |
| Devi Ahilyabai Holkar Airport | Indore |
| Rajmata Vijaya Raje Scindia Air Terminal | Gwalior |
| Dumna Airport | Jabalpur |
| Khajuraho Airport | Khajuraho |
| Rewa Airport | Rewa |
Stadium
MP has 7 major stadiums in which Captain Roop Singh Stadium has the largest capacity and can accommodate upto 60,000 (approx) peoples.
| Stadium | City | Sports |
| Holkar Cricket Stadium, | Indore | Cricket |
| Captain Roop Singh Stadium | Gwalior | Cricket |
| Nehru Stadium | Indore | Cricket |
| Aishbagh Stadium, | Bhopal | Hockey |
| Bab-E-Ali stadium | Bhopal | Cricket |
| Tatya Tope Stadium | Bhopal | multi-purposed |
| Rani taal Stadium | Jabalpur | Cricket |
Education
| Description | Summary | |
| 1. | Literacy Rate (2011) | 70.60% |
| 2. | Male | 80.5% |
| 3. | Female | 60% |
| 4. | No. of School | 1,17,095
|
| 5. | Affiliation Board | CBSE, ISCE, MPBSE |
| 6. | No. of University | 25 |
| 7. | Colleges in Madhya Pradesh | 1914 |
Heritage Sites
MP has a large number of Ancient Monuments spread at different places throughout the state. It has two World Heritage Sites:
- The Khajuraho Group of Monuments (1986)
- Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi (1989)
- The Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka (2003)
Its tourism industry has seen significant growth, with the state topping the National Tourism Awards in 2010–11. Every year many tourists visit MP Pradesh.
| S.No | Description | Summary |
| 1 | Major Tourist Places | Magical Mandu Beauty of Chanderi
Sacred Sanchi Majestic Orchha Funfair of Jabalpur Begum’s Bhopal Untamed Pench |
| 2 | Major Monuments | Alamgir Gate
Kamlapati Palace Ancient Hindu Baodi Asharfi Mahal Baz Bahadur’s Palace Delhi Gate Darya Khan’s Tomb Hathi Mahal |
| 3 | National Park | Bandhavgarh National Park
Sanjay National Park Madhav National Park Kanha National Park Van Vihar National Park Mandla Plant Fossils National Park Panna National Park Pench National Park Satpura National Park |
| 4 | Wildlife Sanctuary | Bori Wildlife Sanctuary
Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary National Chambal Sanctuary Sanjay-Dubri Wildlife Sanctuary Ralamandal Wildlife Sanctuary Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary |
Madhya Pradesh GK Quiz
- ___________is the state Bird Madhya Pradesh.
a) Vulture
b) Sparrow
c) Flycatcher
d) Pecock
Ans (c)
- __________is the state animal of Madhya Pradesh.
A) Lion
B) Deer
C) Barasingha
D) Tiger
Ans (c)
- __________ is the state Flower of MP.
a) Lilium candidum
b) Sun flower
c) Rose
d) Marigold
Ans (a)
- _________ is thestate Tree of MP.
a) Ashok
b) Palm
c) Mango
d) Banyan
Ans (d)
- ___________ isthe state fish of Madhya Pradesh.
a) Rohu
b) Mahasheer
c) Shimpa
d) None of these
Ans (b)
- The ‘Kalidas samman’ from MP Government is given in which of the following fields?
a) Classical Music
b) Classical Dance
c) Theatre
d) All of these
Ans (d)
- On bankof ___________ Ujjain kumbh mela held.
a) Ganga
b) Kshipra
c) Yamuna
d) Tapti
Ans (b)
- _____________ is situated in Khandwa district.
a) Madikheda Thermal Power Plant
b) Dada Dhuniwale Thermal Power Plant
c) Shipra Thermal Power Plant
d) Kalidasa Thermal Power Plant
Ans (b)
- Madikheda Dam’ of Madhya Pradesh is build on river
a) Sindh River
b) Tawa River
c) Betwa River
d) Johilla River
Ans (a)
- Which of the following two District of MPborders Gujarat state?
a) Alirajpur and Jhabua
b) Jhabua and Barwani
c) Ratlam and Dhar
d) Barwani and Alirajpur
Ans (a)
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