Table of Contents
Wildlife is a priceless gift which includes all birds, wild animals, plants, fungi, insects including microscopic organism. Wildlife forest plays a crucial role maintaining and providing ecological balance. These places are highly essential in nature. Therefore, for taking care and protecting of wild animals, plants, and forest, we need to understand the importance of wild animals and the jungle in our ecosystem. The prime objective of the wildlife sanctuary is to preserve wild nature.A Wildlife sanctuary is a geographical region set-aside for the conservation of biodiversity. National parks have a specific boundary, and human activities are forbidden there. On the other hand, wildlife sanctuaries do not have any boundaries.
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What are Wildlife Sanctuaries?
Wildlife sanctuaries are those areas of the country where animals and plants are well-protected from external disturbances. These sanctuaries call for the absolute prohibition of poaching or capturing animal habitats. The goal of the wildlife sanctuaries are to accomplish a comfortable environment for the animals inhabiting the area.
Wildlife sanctuaries of India are classified as International Union for Conservation of Nature or IUCN Category IV protected areas which covers habitat or species management area. As of December 2020, there are 553 wildlife sanctuaries established in India, covering 119,776 Sq km or 46,246 sq mi.Among these sanctuaries, Project Tiger includes 51 tiger reserves, which are of special significance for the preservation of the Bengal tiger. The oldest bird sanctuary of the country is Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary near Chennai in the state of Tamil Nadu which was established in 1796. Ranthambore National Park, Rajasthan is the largest in the country.
List of Worldlife Sanctuaries in India
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There are 564 existing wildlife sanctuaries in India including an area of 122509.33 sq. km, which is 3.73% of the area of the country as on Dec. 2021. 218 more sanctuaries are proposed in the Protected Area Network Report which will include an area of 16,829 sq.km
| Sl/No | State or UT | Name of the Wildlife Sanctuary | ||
| 1. | Andaman and Nicobar Islands
|
Arial Island WLS
Bamboo Island WLS Barren Island WLS Battimalv Island WLS Belle Island WLS Benett Island WLS Bingham Island WLS Blister Island WLS Bluff Island WLS Bondoville Island WLS Brush Island WLS Buchanan Island WLS Chanel Island WLS Cinque Islands WLS Clyde Island WLS Cone Island WLS Curlew (B.P.) Island WLS Curlew Island WLS Cuthbert Bay WLS Defence Island WLS Dot Island WLS Dottrell Island WLS Duncan Island WLS East Island WLS East of Inglis Island WLS Egg Island WLS Entrance Island WLS Flat Island Wildlife Sanctuary Gander Island WLS Girjan Island WLS Galathea Bay WLS Goose Island WLS
|
Hump Island WLS
Interview Island WLS James Island WLS Jungle Island WLS Kwangtung Island WLS Kyd Island WLS Landfall Island WLS Latouche Island WLS Lohabarrack (Saltwater Crocodile) WLS Mangrove Island WLS Mask Island WLS Mayo Island WLS Megapode Island WLS Montogemery Island WLS Narcondam Island WLS North Brother Island WLS North Island WLS North Reef Island WLS Oliver Island WLS Orchid Island WLS Ox Island WLS Oyster Island-I WLS Oyster Island-II WLS Paget Island WLS Parkinson Island WLS Passage Island WLS Patric Island WLS Peacock Island WLS Pitman Island WLS Point Island WLS Potanma Islands WLS Ranger Island WLS
|
Reef Island WLS
Roper Island WLS Ross Island WLS Rowe Island WLS Sandy Island WLS Sea Serpent Island WLS Shark Island WLS Shearme Island WLS Sir Hugh Rose Island WLS Sisters Island WLS Snake Island-I WLS Snake Island-II WLS South Brother Island WLS South Reef Island WLS South Sentinel Island WLS Spike Island-I WLS Spike Island-II WLS Stoat Island WLS Surat Island WLS Swamp Island WLS Table (Delgarno) Island WLS Table (Excelsior) Island WLS Talabaicha Island WLS Temple Island WLS Tillongchang Island WLS Tree Island WLS Trilby Island WLS Tuft Island WLS Turtle Islands WLS West Island WLS Wharf Island WLS White Cliff Island WLS
|
| 2. | Andhra Pradesh
|
Kolleru Bird Sanctuary, 1953
Nelapattu Bird Sanctuary, 1976 Pulicat Lake Bird Sanctuary, 1976 Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary, 1978 Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve, 1978
|
Sri Venkateswara National Park, 1985
Rollapadu Wildlife Sanctuary, 1988 Sri Lankamalleswara Wildlife Sanctuary, 1988 Krishna Wildlife Sanctuary, 1989 Koundinya Wildlife Sanctuary, 1990
|
Gundla Brahmeswaram Wildlife Sanctuary, 1990
Sri Penusila Narasimha Wildlife Sanctuary, 1997 Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary, 2002
|
| 3. | Arunachal Pradesh
|
Pakke Tiger Reserve, 1977
D’Ering Memorial Wildlife Sanctuary, 1978 Itanagar Wildlife Sanctuary, 1978 Mehao Wildlife Sanctuary, 1980
|
Eaglenest Wildlife Sanctuary, 1989
Sessa Orchid Sanctuary, 1989 Kamlang Wildlife Sanctuary, 1989 Dibang Wildlife Sanctuary, 1991
|
Kane Wildlife Sanctuary, 1991
Talley Valley Wildlife Sanctuary, 1995 Yordi Rabe Supse Wildlife Sanctuary, 1996
|
| 4. | Assam
|
Garampani Wildlife Sanctuary, 1952
Laokhowa Wildlife Sanctuary, 1972 Bura Chapori Wildlife Sanctuary, 1974 Bornadi Wildlife Sanctuary, 1980 Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary, 1987 Chakrashila Wildlife Sanctuary, 1994
|
Pani Dihing Wildlife Sanctuary, 1996
Hoollongapar Gibbon Sanctuary, 1997 Sonai Rupai Wildlife Sanctuary, 1998 East Karbi-Anglong Wildlife Sanctuary, 2000 Nambor Wildlife Sanctuary, 2000 Nambor – Doigrung Wildlife Sanctuary, 2003 |
Dehing Patkai Wildlife Sanctuary, 2004
Amchang Wildlife Sanctuary, 2004 Borail Wildlife Sanctuary Bherjan-Borajan-Padumoni Wildlife Sanctuary Deepor Beel Bird Sanctuary Marat Longri WLS
|
| 5. | Bihar
|
Bhimbandh Wildlife Sanctuary, 1976
Gautam Budha Wildlife Sanctuary, 1976 Pant Wildlife Sanctuary, 1978 Udaypur Wildlife Sanctuary, 1978 Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary, 1982
|
Nagi Dam Wildlife Sanctuary, 1987
Nakti Dam Wildlife Sanctuary, 1987 Kanwar Lake Bird Sanctuary, 1989 Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Sanctuary, 1990 Kusheshwar Asthan Bird Sanctuary, 1994
|
Barela Jheel Salim Ali-Jubba sahni Bird Sanctuary, 1997
Rajauli Wildlife Sanctuary
|
| 6. | Chandigarh
|
City Birds WLS | Sukhna Lake WLS | |
| 7. | Chhattisgarh
|
Sitanadi Wildlife Sanctuary, 1974
Achanakmar Wildlife Sanctuary, 1975 Badalkhol Wildlife Sanctuary, 1975 Barnawapara Wildlife Sanctuary, 1976
|
Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary, 1978
Semarsot Wildlife Sanctuary, 1978 Bhairamgarh Wildlife Sanctuary, 1983 Bhoramdev Wildlife Sanctuary, 2001 |
Sarangarh-Gomardha WLS, 1975
Pamed Wild Buffalo WLS, 1985 Udanti Wild Buffalo WLS, 1985
|
| 8. | Dadra Nagar Haveli
|
Dadra and Nagar Haveli Wildlife Sanctuary | ||
| 9. | Daman and Diu
|
Fudam Wildlife Sanctuary, 1991
|
||
| 10. | Delhi
|
Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary, | ||
| 11. | Goa
|
Bhagwan Mahavir Sanctuary, 1967
Cotigao Wildlife Sanctuary, 1968 |
Bondla Wildlife Sanctuary, 1969
Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary, 1988
|
Madei Wildlife Sanctuary, 1999
Netravali Wildlife Sanctuary, 1999
|
| 12. | Haryana
|
Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary, 1986
Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary, 1986 Abubshahar Wildlife Sanctuary, 1987
|
Bir Shikargah Wildlife Sanctuary, 1987
Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary, 1987 Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary, 1991
|
Khol Hi-Raitan Wildlife Sanctuary, 2004
|
| 13. | Gujarat
|
Nal Sarovar Bird Sanctuary, 1969
Indian Wild Ass Sanctuary, 1973 Jessore Sloth Bear Sanctuary, 1978 Barda Wildlife Sanctuary, 1979 Hingolgadh Nature Reserve, 1980 Khijadiya Bird Sanctuary, 1981 Ratanmahal Sloth Bear Sanctuary, 1982
|
Shoolpaneshwar Wildlife Sanctuary, 1982
Kutch Desert Wildlife Sanctuary, 1986 Gaga Wildlife Sanctuary, 1988 Thol Bird Sanctuary, 1988 Rampara Vidi Wildlife Sanctuary, 1988 Porbandar Bird Sanctuary, 1988 Balaram Ambaji Wildlife Sanctuary, 1989 |
Paniya Wildlife Sanctuary, 1989
Purna Wildlife Sanctuary, 1990 Jambughoda Wildlife Sanctuary, 1990 Narayan Sarovar Sanctuary, 1995 Kutch Bustard Sanctuary, 1995 Mitiyala Wildlife Sanctuary, 2004 Girnar Wildlife Sanctuary, 2008
|
| 14. | Himachal Pradesh
|
Bandli Wildlife Sanctuary
Chail Wildlife Sanctuary Chandra Taal Wildlife Sanctuary Churdhar Sanctuary Daranghati Sanctuary Dhauladhar Wildlife Sanctuary Gamgul Siyabehi WLS Kais WLS Kalatop-Khajjiar WLS Kanawar WLS |
Khokhan WLS
Kibber WLS Kugti WLS Lippa Asrang WLS Majathal WLS Manali WLS Nargu WLS Pong Dam Lake WLS Renuka WLS Rupi Bhaba WLS
|
Sainj WLS
Sangla Valley (Rakchham Chitkul) WLS Sech Tuan Nala WLS Shikari Devi WLS Shimla Water Catchment WLS Talra WLS Tirthan WLS Tundah WLS Rohila WLS
|
| 15. | Jammu and Kashmir
|
Trikuta Wildlife Sanctuary, 1981
Surinsar Mansar Wildlife Sanctuary, 1981 Ramnagar Rakha WLS, 1981 Nandni WLS, 1981 Baltal-Thajwas WLS, 1987 |
Gulmarg Wildlife Sanctuary, 1987
Hirpora Wildlife Sanctuary, 1987 Jasrota WLS, 1987 Lachipora WLS, 1987 Limber Wildlife Sanctuary, 1987
|
Overa-Aru Wildlife Sanctuary, 1987
Hokersar Wildlife Sanctuary, 1992 Rajparian Wildlife Sanctuary, 2002
|
| 16. | Jharkhand
|
Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary, 1976
Hazaribag Wildlife Sanctuary, 1976 Gautam Budha Wildlife Sanctuary Koderma Wildlife Sanctuary, 1985 |
Lawalong Wildlife sanctuary
Mahauadanr Wildlife Sanctuary Palamau Tiger Reserve Palkot Wildlife Sanctuary
|
Parasnath Wildlife Sanctuary
Topchanchi Wildlife Sanctuary Udhwa Lake Wildlife Sanctuary
|
| 17. | Karnataka
|
Adichunchanagiri Hills Wildlife Sanctuary
Arabithittu Wildlife Sanctuary Attiveri Bird Sanctuary Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary Bhimgad Wildlife Sanctuary Biligiriranga Hills Brahmagiri Wildlife Sanctuary Cauvery Wildlife Sanctuary Chincholi Wildlife Sanctuary Dandeli Wildlife Sanctuary |
Daroji Sloth Bear Sanctuary
Ghataprabha Gudavi Bird Sanctuary Gudekote Wildlife Sanctuary Malai Mahadeshwara Wildlife Sanctuary Melkote Temple Wildlife Sanctuary Mookambika Wildlife Sanctuary Nugu WLS Pushpagiri Wildlife Sanctuary Ranibennur Blackbuck Sanctuary
|
Ranganathittu Bird Sanctuary
Ramadevara Betta Vulture WLS Rangayyanadurga Four-horned antelope Sharavati Valley Wildlife Sanctuary Shettihalli WLS Someshwara Wildlife Sanctuary Talakaveri Wildlife Sanctuary Jogimatti WLS Thimlapura WLS Yadahalli Chinkara WLS
|
| 18. | Kerala
|
Aralam Wildlife Sanctuary, 1984
Chimmony Wildlife Sanctuary, 1984 Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary, 1984 Chulanur Peafowl Wildlife Sanctuary, 1996 Idukki district Widlife Sanctuary, 1984 Karimpuzha Wildlife Sanctuary, 2020 Kottiyoor Wildlife Sanctuary, 2011 |
Kurinjimala Sanctuary, 2006
Malabar Wildlife Sanctuary, 2010 Mangalavanam Bird Sanctuary Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuary, 1958 Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary, 1973 Pathiramanal Bird Sanctuary, 2004 Peechi-Vazhani Wildlife Sanctuary, 1958
|
Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary, 1983
Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary, 1982 Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary, 1984 Thattekad Bird Sanctuary, 1983 Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary, 1973
|
| 19. | Ladakh
|
Changtang Wildlife Sanctuary, 1987 | Karakoram Wildlife Sanctuary, 1987 | |
| 20. | Lakshadweep
|
Pitti Bird Sanctuary, 1972 | Amini, India Wildlife Sanctuary | |
| 21. | Madhya Pradesh
|
Bori Wildlife Sanctuary, 1977
Gandhi Sagar Sanctuary, 1974 Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary, 1975 National Chambal Sanctuary, 1979 Ghatigaon Wildlife Sanctuary, 1981 Karera Wildlife Sanctuary, 1981 Ken Gharial Sanctuary, 1981 Ralamandal Wildlife Sanctuary, 1989 |
Kheoni Sanctuary
Narsinghgarh Wildlife Sanctuary Bagdara Wildlife Sanctuary Orcha Wildlife Sanctuary Panpatha Wildlife Sanctuary Phen Wildlife Sanctuary Sailana Wildlife Sanctuary Sardarpur Wildlife Sanctuary
|
Singhori Wildlife Sanctuary
Son Gharial Sanctuary Veerangana Durgavati Wildlife Sanctuary, 1996 Pachmarhi wildlife Sanctuary kuno wildlife sanctuary Ratapani Wildlife sanctuary snajay-dubri wildlife sanctuary Gangau wildlife saanctuary |
| 22. | Maharashtra
|
Amba Barwa Wildlife Sanctuary, 1997
Andhari Wildlife Sanctuary, 1986 Aner Dam Wildlife Sanctuary Bhamragarh Wildlife Sanctuary, 1997 Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary, 1985 Bor Wildlife Sanctuary, 1970 Bordharan Wildlife Sanctuary Chaprala Wildlife Sanctuary 1986 Deolgaon-Rehkuri WLS Dhyanganga WLS 1997 Gangewadi New Great Indian Bustard Wildlife Sanctuary Gautala Autramghat Sanctuary, 1986 Ghodazari Wildlife Sanctuary Great Indian Bustard Sanctuary, 1979 Jayakwadi Bird Sanctuary, 1986 Kalsubai Harishchandragad Wildlife Sanctuary Karanja Sohol Wildlife Sanctuary, 2000 |
Karhandla Wildlife Sanctuary
Karnala Bird Sanctuary, 1968 Katepurna Wildlife Sanctuary, 1988 Koka Wildlife Sanctuary, 2013 Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary, 1985 Lonar Wildlife Sanctuary, 2000 Malvan Marine Wildlife Sanctuary Mansingdeo Wildlife Sanctuary2010 Mayani Bird Sanctuary Mayureshwar Wildlife Sanctuary, 1997 Melghat Wildlife Sanctuary, 1985 Nagzira Wildlife Sanctuary 2012 Naigaon Mayur Wildlife Sanctuary 1994 Nandur Madhameshwar Wildlife Sanctuary 1986 Narnala Wildlife Sanctuary, 1997 Nawegaon Wildlife Sanctuary New Bor Wildlife Sanctuary
|
New Nagzira Wildlife Sanctuary
Painganga Wildlife Sanctuary, 1986 Phansad Wildlife Sanctuary, 1986 Radhanagari Wildlife Sanctuary, 1958 Sagareshwar Wildlife Sanctuary Sudhagad Wildlife Sanctuary, 2013 Tamhini Wildlife Sanctuary, 2013 Tansa Wildlife Sanctuary, 1970 Thane Creek Flamingo Wildlife Sanctuary 2015 Thillari Wildlife Sanctuary Tipeshwar Wildlife Sanctuary Tungareshwar Wildlife Sanctuary, 2003 Umred-Kharngla Wildlife Sanctuary Wan Wildlife Sanctuary Yawal Wildlife Sanctuary, 1969 Yedsi Ramling Ghat Wildlife Sanctuary
|
| 23. | Manipur
|
Khongjaingamba Ching WLS, 2016
Yangoupokpi-Lokchao WLS, 1989 Kailam WLS |
Khongjaingamba Ching WLS, 2016
Yangoupokpi-Lokchao WLS, 1989 Kailam WLS |
Thinungei Bird Sanctuary
|
| 24. | Meghalaya
|
Baghmara Pitcher Plant WLS
Nongkhyllem WLS |
Siju WLS
Narpuh WLS |
|
| 25. | Mizoram
|
Dampa Tiger Reserve
Khawnglung WLS Lengteng Wildlife Sanctuary |
Ngengpui WLS
Pualreng WLS Tawi WLS |
Thorangtlang WLS
Tokalo WLS |
| 26. | Nagaland
|
Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary
Khonoma Nature Conservation and Tragopan Sanctuary |
Pulie Badze Wildlife Sanctuary
Rangapahar Wildlife Sanctuary
|
Singphan Wildlife Sanctuary |
| 27. | Odisha
|
Badrama Wildlife Sanctuary, 1962
Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary, 1975 Satkosia Gorge Wildlife Sanctuary, 1976 Hadgarh Wildlife Sanctuary, 1978 Nandankanan Wildlife Sanctuary, 1979 Baisipalli Wildlife Sanctuary, 1981 Kotgarh Wildlife Sanctuary, 1981
|
Kotgarh Wildlife Sanctuary, 1981
Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary, 1982 Khalasuni Wildlife Sanctuary, 1982 Balukhand-Konark Wildlife Sanctuary, 1984 Kuldiha Wildlife Sanctuary, 1984 Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary, 1985 Lakhari Valley Wildlife Sanctuary, 1985 Nalbana Bird Sanctuary, 1987 |
Sunabeda Tiger Reserve, 1988
Gahirmatha Marine Sanctuary, 1997 Karlapat Wildlife Sanctuary, 1992 Kapilasa Wildlife Sanctuary, 2011 Tikarpada Wildlife Sanctuary
|
| 28. | Punjab
|
Abohar Wildlife Sanctuary
Bir Aishvan WLS Bir Bhadson WLS Bir Bunerheri WLS Bir Dosanjh WLS |
Bir Gurdialpura WLS
Bir Mehaswala WLS Bir Motibagh WLS Harike Lake WLS Jhajjar Bacholi WLS |
Kathlaur Kushlian WLS
Takhni-Rehampur WLS Nangal Wildlife Sanctuary
|
| 29. | Pondicherry
|
Oussudu Bird Sanctuary, 2008 | ||
| 30. | Sikkim
|
Kyongnosla Alpine Sanctuary, 1977
Fambong Lho Wildlife Sanctuary, 1984 Shingba Rhododendron Sanctuary, 1984 |
Maenam Wildlife Sanctuary, 1987
Varsey Rhododendron Sanctuary, 1998 Pangolakha Wildlife Sanctuary, 2002
|
Kitam Bird Sanctuary, 2005
|
| 31. | Rajasthan
|
Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary, 1960
Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary, 1971 Tal Chhapar Sanctuary, 1971 National Chambal Sanctuary, 1979 Sita Mata Wildlife Sanctuary, 1979 Phulwari ki Nal Wildlife Sanctuary, 1983 Todgarh-Raoli Sanctuary, 1983 Sajjangarh Wildlife Sanctuary, 1987 |
Bassi Wildlife Sanctuary, 1988
Bandh Baratha Wildlife Sanctuary Bhensrodgarh Wildlife Sanctuary Jaisamand Wildlife Sanctuary Jamwa Ramgarh Wildlife Sanctuary Kailadevi Wildlife Sanctuary Kesarbagh Wildlife Sanctuary Nahargarh Wildlife Sanctuary
|
Ramgarh Vishdhari Wildlife Sanctuary
Ramsagar Wildlife Sanctuary Sawaimadhopur Wildlife Sanctuary Sawai Man Singh Wildlife Sanctuary Shergarh Wildlife Sanctuary Van Vihar Wildlife Sanctuary
|
| 32. | Tamil Nadu
|
Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary, 1936
Mudumalai National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary, 1942 Point Calimere Wildlife and Bird Sanctuary, 1967 Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary, 1976 Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve, 1976 Vettangudi Bird Sanctuary, 1977 Pulicat Lake Bird Sanctuary, 1980 Vallanadu Wildlife Sanctuary, 1987 Grizzled Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary, 1988 Karikili Bird Sanctuary, 1989 |
Chitrangudi Bird Sanctuary, 1989
Kanjirankulam Bird Sanctuary, 1989 Vaduvoor Bird Sanctuary, 1991 Udayamarthandapuram Bird Sanctuary, 1991 Koonthankulam Bird Sanctuary, 1994 Vellode Birds Sanctuary, 1997 Karaivetti Bird Sanctuary, 1999 Kanyakumari Wildlife Sanctuary, 2002 Sathyamangalam Wildlife Sanctuary, 2008 Kodaikanal Wildlife Sanctuary, 2013
|
Cauvery North Wildlife Sanctuary, 2014
Oussudu Lake Bird Sanctuary, 2015 Megamalai Wildlife Sanctuary, 2016 Gangaikondam Spotted Dear WLS Melaselvanoor-Keelaselvanoor WLS Mundanthurai WLS Nellai Wildlife Sanctuary Theerthangal WLS Sakkarakottai WLS
|
| 33. | Telangana
|
Pocharam Wildlife Sanctuary, 1952
Pakhal Wildlife Sanctuary, 1952 Eturnagaram Wildlife Sanctuary, 1953 |
Kawal Wildlife Sanctuary, 1965
Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary, 1977 Manjira Wildlife Sanctuary, 1978
|
Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve, 1978
Shivaram Wildlife Sanctuary, 1978 Pranahita Wildlife Sanctuary, 1980 |
| 34. | Tripura
|
Sepahijala Wildlife Sanctuary, 1987
Gumti Wildlife Sanctuary, 1988 |
Rowa Wildlife Sanctuary, 1988
Trishna Wildlife Sanctuary, 1988 |
|
| 35. | Uttar Pradesh
|
Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary, 1957
Kishanpur Wildlife Sanctuary, 1972 Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary, 1975 Ranipur Sanctuary, 1977 National Chambal Sanctuary, 1979 Bakhira Sanctuary, 1980 Kaimoor Wildlife Sanctuary, 1982 Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary, 1986 |
Samaspur Bird Sanctuary, 1987
Sohagi Barwa Wildlife Sanctuary, 1987 Kachhua Sanctuary, 1989 Okhla Sanctuary, 1990 Saman Bird Sanctuary, 1990 Sandi Bird Sanctuary, 1990 Vijai Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary, 1990 Patna Bird Sanctuary, 1991
|
Suhelva Sanctuary, 1998
Lakh Bahosi Sanctuary Mahavir Swami Wildlife Sanctuary Nawabganj Bird Sanctuary Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary Sur Sarovar Sanctuary Surha Tal Bird Sanctuary Turtle WLS
|
| 36. | Uttarakhand
|
Govind Pashu Vihar Wildlife Sanctuary, 1955
Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary, 1972 Askot Musk Deer Sanctuary, 1986 |
Sonanadi Wildlife Sanctuary, 1987
Binsar Wildlife Sanctuary, 1988 Mussoorie Wildlife Sanctuary, 1993 |
Nandhaur Wildlife Sanctuary, 2012
|
| 37. | West Bengal
|
Chapramari Wildlife Sanctuary, 1976
Haliday Island Wildlife Sanctuary, 1976 Lothian Island Wildlife Sanctuary, 1976 Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary, 1976 Sajnakhali Wildlife Sanctuary, 1976 |
Senchal Wildlife Sanctuary, 1976
Ballabhpur Wildlife Sanctuary, 1977 Bethuadahari Wildlife Sanctuary, 1980 Bibhutibhushan Wildlife Sanctuary, 1980 Ramnabagan Wildlife Sanctuary, 1981
|
Chintamoni Kar Bird Sanctuary, 1982
Jore Pokhri Wildlife Sanctuary, 1986 Raiganj Wildlife Sanctuary, 1985 Buxa Tiger Reserve, 1986 Mayurjharna Elephant Reserve, 2002
|
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Significance of Wildlife Sanctuaries
The benefits of wildlife sanctuaries are many. Let’s have a look at them.
Defends Wildlife
Many animal species are on the threshold of extinction as their primary natural habits are getting rapidly eradicated. Wildlife sanctuaries effectively protect these habitats, allowing them a safe spot for breeding and comfortable living. Without these sanctuaries many animals are under the risk of extinction. So, in a way, these sanctuaries provide the landscape that wild animals really need. Over time, they also help in preserving these species.
Preserves Landscapes
Animals are not the only ones who are endangered. Lands like mountains, hill forests, dunes, and plains have the same risk as human beings are continuously destroying them for their selfish interests. Several areas also have significant risks of being polluted. So, if they are reserved under the status of a wildlife sanctuary, they are preserved better. The landscapes in wildlife sanctuaries are well guarded from urbanization, destruction and pollution level.
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Preserving History and Culture
Wildlife sanctuaries often turn out to be hotspots for cultural development. In addition to flora and fauna, these sanctuaries also have different structures that help us understand the history of this place. They are, therefore, of huge historical and cultural significance.
Ecotourism
Wildlife sanctuaries across the world are highly involved in ecotourism. Thanks to the various indigenous individuals and tribes who have easier access to jobs and economic improvement. These areas are also favorite among tourists for nature walks and a range of other activities.
Preserving the Biodiversity
Wildlife sanctuaries have an important role in conserving biodiversity. Several sanctuaries are involved in the activities discussed below:
- Production and distribution of electricity
- Natural horticulture
- A range of farming enterprises
- Production of wine
- Animal grazing
These activities collectively help in conserving and preserving biodiversity.
How Do Wildlife Sanctuaries Help the Wildlife?
Wildlife sanctuaries help animals in several ways. In this section, we will take a look at the significance these sanctuaries pose for wild animals.
Safe environment for Endangered Species
As previously mentioned, wildlife sanctuaries are like a safe shelter for endangered animals. On Kangaroo Island, for example, the sanctuaries of the Fleurieu Peninsula help in conserving the special habitat of Parrots (cockatoos). Several other sanctuaries around the region are known to protect the lizards occupying the grasslands of nearby districts.
A Second Chance
Wildlife sanctuaries are also known to give wild animals a much required ‘second chance’. This particularly applies to animals that are physically hurt. All the species making their way to a sanctuary are protected all along their lifetime. They receive proper and exceptional care in a completely natural habitat. They get one more chance to live and thrive.
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More Attention
Over time, many animals (both domesticated and non-domesticated) end up in situations where they are completely neglected. Some Sanctuaries give more attention to these injured or neglected species.
Even domestic animals like horses find themselves in abusive situations. Animal sanctuaries give them special attention depending on their requirements.
Prevents exploitation of Animals
Exploitation can be best characterized as animal harvesting at an extremely rapid pace. The rate here is often quicker than the animal’s ability to recovery. Although this is very common in fishing, other animal groups like mammals, domestic or wild birds, and reptiles are also susceptible to it.
The problem with over exploitation is that if multiple individuals of a specific specie are over-exploited, the specie might be on the verge of extinction where from it will never be able to recover. One of the biggest examples of this problem can be seen in fishes. Over the last century, certain species of fish like tuna or salmon have been massively exploited, so much so, that there’s a huge decline in the size of the new fishes. This has also affected the natural breeding ability of the fish.
Since wildlife sanctuaries are dedicated in the conservation of these animals, multiple species are duly protected, and the case of over-exploitation can be effectively reduced.
Prevents Poaching
Poaching is perhaps one of the greatest threats to wildlife. Certain species, especially the ones that are almost extinct, are heavily poached for their economic value. Elephants,rhinos, lemurs, tigers, sea turtles, and gorillas are frequently poached for their tusk, shell, horn,skin, and other parts of the body.
Helps Lessen the Impact of Habitat Destruction
Destruction of habitat as evident from the name, forcefully reduces the habitable spots for wildlife. Over time, it breaks down the long stretches of habitat, resulting in the fragmentation of a larger landscape. This causes the larger wildlife population to instantly fragment into smaller groups.
As you can guess, fragmentation increases the vulnerability of wildlife as it straight away reduces their inhabited space. It also reduces their resources and increases the possibility of human-animal conflict.
It is also worth considering that fragmentation causes small habitats, that support a small population, which has a larger possibility of getting extinct.
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Reduces the Scope of Pollution
If humans live in nearness to wildlife, the animals are more likely to be exposed to a range of waste materials or pollutants. Even indirect exposure to these pollutants may cause heavy damage. Since wildlife sanctuaries are established in deeply forested areas with lush greens, wild animals are no longer exposed to pollution.
Provides an Opportunity for Breeding
When animals dwell in wildlife sanctuaries, they have a safe place for natural breeding. Since they are no longer under any major threat, breeding and living become easier.
Conclusion: In short Wildlife sanctuaries are necessary for the monitoring, protection and conservation of the wild environment. Since some sanctuaries are also open to man, we too get a chance to witness these species in close proximity in their natural habitats.
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