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Achieving German B2 level opens door to abundant opportunities. According to Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR), B2 is the fourth level of proficiency. At this level, you have a solid knowledge about the language and will be able to communicate effectively. The grammar topics in German B2 level are a more detailed version of that in B1. Let us have a look at the top German B2 grammar topics.
What is German B2?
Attaining German B2 level paves more opportunities for employment. You also get a deeper understanding of the German culture, which will help you connect with the natives in a much better way.
Once you complete German B2 level, you will be able to:
- Communicate fluently and spontaneously.
- Discuss and express your views and opinion on current issues
- Understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics
- Indulge in technical discussions in your field of specialization.
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German B2 Grammar Topics
1: How do you say "Good Morning" in German?
In German B2 level, the grammar topics you learnt in B1 will be intensified. Let us have a look at the grammar topics in B2 level.
Perfect Tense
The perfect tense is used to express completed actions and events in the past. It is formed with the present tense of an auxiliary verb. The structure of the sentence in perfect tense is subject + auxiliary verb + other information + past participle. The auxiliary verb used is “haben” or “sein”.
Example:
Sie ist gestern nach Munich gefahren. (She went to Munich yesterday.)
Imperfect Tense
This is used to describe actions that took place repeatedly or over a longer period of time in the past. The imperfect tense is also known as the simple past tense. This is formed depending upon the verb.
For regular verbs, the endings “-te” or “-ten” are added to the stem of the infinitive.
Example:
Ich spielte gerne Tennis. (I used to play tennis.)
For irregular verbs, specific stem changes are made to form the imperfect tense.
Example:
Ich war gestern müde. (I was tired yesterday.)
Subordinate Clauses
Subordinate clauses, or dependent clauses, are parts of a sentence that cannot stand alone. They depend on another part of the sentence.
In German, a subordinate clause starts with a subordinating conjunction (dass, ob, weil, wenn ) and the conjugated verb is placed at the end of a subordinate clause. In the sentences, the subordinate clause will be separated by a comma. When a sentence starts with a subordinate clause, the first word after the comma must be the verb.
Example:
Ich weiß nicht, wann er heute ankommt. (I don’t know when he arrives today.)
Demonstrative Pronouns
The demonstrative pronouns in German are:
- dieser, diese, dieses – this, that
- diese – (pl) these, those
They are used to describe things that have already been mentioned. These pronouns decline depending on the gender, case and number.
Example:
Wer is die Frau? Die kenne ich nicht. (Who is this woman?)
Passive Voice
In German, the passive voice is similar to that in English. The subject turns into object and the auxiliary verb “werden” is used. The auxiliary verb changes with the tense.
Example:
Du wirst beobachtet. (You are being observed)
Prepositions
In German, there are accusative, dative and two way prepositions, which mean they can be either accusative or dative. If we are referring to a movement or direction, we use the accusative preposition. To refer to location or position we use the dative.
Some of the accusative prepositions are: für – for, um – round, around, durch – through, gegen – against etc. The prepositions used for dative are: aus, bei, mit, nach, seit, von, zu, gegenüber.
Example:
- Sie geht den Flussentlang. (She is walking along the river.) (Accusative preposition)
- Ich gehe mit Freunden (I am going with friends) (Dative preposition)
Conditionals
In German, the conditional is made up of two parts: the “würde” form, the imperfect subjunctive of the verb “werden” (a future form of “to be”), and the infinitive of the main verb, which usually goes at the end of the sentence. The German word wenn is equivalent to “if” in English.
Example:
Wenn er im Lotto gewinnenwürde, würde er es dir sagen. (If he won the lottery, he would tell you.)
Indirect Speech
To frame indirect speech in German, certain changes have to be made. The first and second person pronouns are changed to the third person and the verb tense is also changed according to the tense in the direct speech.
Example:
Sie sagt, “Ich lerne Deutsch.” (She says, “I am learning German.”) (Direct speech)
Sie sagt, dass sie Deutsch lerne. (She says that she is learning German.) (Indirect speech)
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