Java is a platform-independent language, which means it can operate on any operating system, including Windows, Linux, and macOS, and hence adheres to the “Write Once, Run Anywhere” idea. It is referred to as cross-platform since it can run on any platform. Unlike other languages, which require compiling the machine code each time it is used on a different platform, once the source code has been turned to bytecode, those files can be used on any Java-supported platform and processed without change. It is a modular and ordered object-oriented programming language. Object-oriented programming is a method of arranging programs as a collection of objects, each of which represents a class instance.
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It emphasizes objects over procedures. Except for primitive data types, all elements in Java are objects that may be easily modified for improved handling. Java is not solely an object-oriented programming language because it also supports primitive data types such as integer, float, double, and so on. It is a basic and efficient language that is simple to learn and use. It lacks sophisticated features such as operator overloading, multiple inheritances, pointers, and so on, making it much simpler than other languages. It also allows for the creation of a virus-free and tamper-proof system. Because we don’t have pointers in Java and can’t access out-of-bound arrays, we can’t leverage security weaknesses like stack corruption and buffer overflow.
Factorial in Java
A factorial is a function that multiplies every number by itself. For instance, 4!= 4*3*2*1=24. The function is used to determine the number of ways “n” objects can be organized, among other things. As a newbie, you will frequently encounter a factorial application in a Java interview. In layman’s terms, the product of all descending integers is the Factorial of a positive integer. n! represents the factorial of a number(n). Furthermore, the factorial of 0 is one, and it is not defined for negative integers. There are several approaches to developing code in the Java Programming Language for Factorial Calculations. Java is a platform-independent and simple programming language that is easy to use and Object-Oriented. The Java Compiler and Interpreter were designed with security in mind. Java offers a wide variety of applications.
Program to Find factorial of a number in Java
The following is a collection of many types of factorial java code, along with sample outputs. We wrote the Factorial program in Java in five different ways: using standard values, using a while loop, a for loop, a do while loop, a method or function, and recursion.
1. Using While loop
While loops in Java allow your code to be executed repeatedly dependent on the circumstance. Within the loop’s body, the value of I is incremented. As I previously stated, the theory for factorial in Java remains the same; just the execution alters. Unlike a for loop, we must increment the value of I within the loop body. Although both programs are theoretically correct, the for loop is preferable in this scenario. It’s because the amount of iterations (up to num) is known.
Program: public class FactorialProgram
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
int number = 5; // user-defined input to find factorial
long fact = 1; // defining fact=1 since least value is 1
int i = 1;
while(i<=number)
{
fact = fact * i;
i++;
}
System.out.println(“Factorial of “+number+” = “+fact)
Output – 120
2. Using For Loop
We used a for loop in this program to cycle through all numbers between 1 and the supplied number num (10), and the product of each number till num is saved in a variable factorial. To store huge factorial results, we utilized long instead of int. However, it is still insufficient to store the value of larger numbers (say 100). We use the BigInteger variable declared in java. math library for results that cannot be contained in a long variable. The number to be found’s factorial is taken as input and saved in the variable ‘number.’ We’ve set fact=1 because the least value is 1. Then, we used the for loop to loop over all the values between 1 and the input number(10), storing the product of each number in a variable called ‘fact.’ This is one of the simplest programs for finding the factorial of a number using the ‘For Loop.’
Program : public class FactorialProgram{
public static void main(String args[]){
int i,fact=1; // defining fact=1 since least value is 1
int number=8; // given input to calculate factorial
for(i=1;i<=number;i++){
fact=fact*i;
}
System.out.println(“Factorial of “+number+” = “+fact);
Output – 40320
3. Using Basic Method
It began with two variables with values of one, I and “fact,” then “number” with a value of five, which is our number for calculating the factorial. I entered the For Loop and kept increasing the value of I until it matched a number, i.e. 5. Every time the value of a fact increases when incrementing, it is multiplied and the fact is assigned a new value.
public class Factorial
{
public static void main(String args[])
{int i, fact=1;
int number=5;
for(i=1;i<=number;i++)
{
fact=fact*i;
}
System.out.println(“Factorial of “+number+” is: “+fact);
4. Using User Input
Another typical way is to request a user input number for calculation rather than pre-defining it.
5. Using Recursion
A recursive function or method is one that repeatedly invokes itself. You can employ recursive methods that call themselves, making the code simple but a little difficult to grasp. built a recursive factorial method that calls itself till the criteria are met
public class FactorialProgram
{
static int factorial(int n){
if (n == 0)
return 1;
else
return(n * factorial(n-1));
}
public static void main(String args[]){
int i,fact=1;
int number=10; // user-defined input to find factorial
fact = factorial(number);
System.out.println(“Factorial of “+number+” is = “+fact);
Output – 3628800
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Wrapping up
Java is a popular programming language with numerous features; in this post, we learned about Factorial Calculations in Java, which is a minor feature.
