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Home Articles

List of Transport System in India for Competitive Exams

by Akhil Mohan
February 15, 2021
in Articles, General Knowledge
list of transport system in india
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Transport or transportation is the movement of humans, animals, and goods from one place to another. Transportation system includes air, land (rail and road), water, cable, pipeline, and location. Mobility is fundamental to economic and social activities such as commuting, manufacturing or supplying energy. Each movement has an origin, a potential set of intermediate locations, a destination and a nature which is linked with geographical attributes. In this article, we have provided list of transport system in India important for competitive exams.

Indian geography represents a multipurpose transport network. Highways, railways, airways, and waterways feature as its predominant transportation networks in India to ferry goods and people in, around, and across the country.

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List of Transport System in India

Railway Transport System in India

Rail services in India, first introduced in 1853, are provided by the state-run Indian Railways, under the supervision of the Ministry of Railways. Indian Railways provides an important mode of transport in India, transporting over 18 million passengers and more than 2 million tons of freight daily across one of the largest and busiest rail network in the world.

Transportation of goods and passengers on rail lines through trains is called rail transport. Rail transport occupies an important place in land transport system of our country and is the most dependable mode of transport to carry goods and passengers over a long distance safely.

  • The railway was introduced in India in 1853 when a line was built from Bombay to Thane covering a distance of 34 kilometers.
  • The total length of the Indian railway network is 64460 km. (March 2011).
  • The gauge-wise route and track length system as on 31 March 2007 are as follows: –
  • The network is divided into 16 zones. The divisions are the basic operating units. The 16 zones are their respective headquarters which are given below.

Railway Zones in India

Indian Railway is a reputed and one of the largest organizations in India. It is spread throughout the country. So, to ensure smooth functioning and manage the organization effectively, it has been divided into zones that are further divided into divisions.

Each division has its own divisional headquarter. As of now, there are 18 railway zones and 70 divisions in India. The head of each division is Divisional Railway Manager (DRM) who reports to the General Manager (GM) of the railway zone.

Railways Zones and Headquarters

Zone Headquarters Divisions
1. Central Mumbai Mumbai(CST), Bhusawal, Nagpur, Pune
2. Western Mumbai Mumbai(Central),Vadodara, Ratlam, Ahmedabad, Rajkot, Bhavnagar
3. Northern Delhi Ambala, Delhi, Lucknow, Moradabad, Ferozpur
4. Eastern Kolkata Asansol, Howrah, Malda, Sealdah
5. Southern Chennai Chennai, Madurai, Palghat, Trichy, Trivandrum, Salem
6. East Central Hajipur Danapur, Dhanbad, Mughalsarai, Samastipur, Sonpur
7. East Coast Bhubaneshwar Khurda Road, Sambalpur, Waltair
8. North Central Allahabad Allahabad, Agra, Jhansi
9. North Eastern Gorakhpur Lucknow, Izzatnager, Varanasi
10. North East Frontier Guwahati Katihar, Alipurduar, Rangiya, Lumding, Tinsukia
11. North Western Jaipur Ajmer, Bikaner, Jaipur, Jodhpur
12. South Central Secunderabad Hyderabad, Nanded, Secunderabad
13. South East Central Bilaspur Bilaspur, Nagpur, Raipur
14. South Eastern Kolkata Adra, Chakradharpur, Kharagpur, Ranchi
15. South Western Hubli Bangalore, Hubli, Mysore
16. South Coastal Visakhapatnam Guntakal, Guntur, Vijayawada
17. West Central Jabalpur Bhopal, Jabalpur, Kota
18. Kolkata Metro Kolkata Not applicable

Road Transport System in India

Road transport is the second important mode of transport in India. It covers every corner of the country which the railway transport even could not cover. Road transport provides the basic infrastructural facilities to both the agricultural and industrial sector of the country.

  • With a total length of approximately 42.3 lakh km, India has one of the largest road networks in the world. 85% of passengers and 70% of freight traffic is carried by roads.
  • Roads are classified as National Highways (NH), State Highways (SH), Major District Roads and Rural Roads.
  • The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI), an autonomous body under the Ministry of Surface Transport, was operational in 1995. NHAI is responsible for the development, maintenance, and operation of national highways.
  • The national highway is only 1.50 percent. Total road length, but about 40 percent of road traffic.
  • State highways are constructed and maintained by state governments.
  • There are more than 200 National Highways in India. The routes usually range from North-South & East-West.
  • The first National Highway in India is NH-1. It links the National capital Delhi to Attari in Punjab near Indo-Pak Border.
  • The longest National Highway in India is NH-44. It covers the range from Srinagar to Kanyakumari(North-South Corridor) with a length of approximately 3700km.

List of National Highways in India

The list of major highways in India with their routes and distance is given below:

Name of the Highway Length of the Highway/ Distance Route
NH-1 663 Jalandhar-Uri
NH-1A 456 New Delhi-Ambala-Jalandhar-Amritsar
NH-2 1465 Delhi-Mathura-Agra-Kanpur-Allahabad-Varanasi-Kolkata
NH-3 1161 Agra-Gwalior-Nasik-Mumbai
NH-4 1235 Thane & Chennai via Pune
NH-5 1533 Kolkata-Chennai
NH-6 1949 Kolkata-Dhule
NH-7 2369 Varanasi- Kanyakumari
NH-8 1428 Delhi-Mumbai-(via Jaipur, Baroda and Ahmedabad)
NH-9 841 Mumbai-Vijayawada
NH-10 403 Delhi-Fazilka
NH-11 582 Agra-Bikaner
NH-12 890 Jabalpur-Jaipur
NH-13 691 Sholapur-Mangalore
NH-14 306 Morgram-Kharagpur
NH-15 1526 Pathankot-Samakhiali
NH-16 1448 Kharagpur- Chennai
NH-17 1269 Panvel-Edapally
NH-18 359 Gobindpur-Balasore
NH-19 240 Ghazipur-Patna
NH-20 658 Bakthiyarpur-Panikholi
NH-21 262 Jabalpur-Agra
NH-22 459 Ambala-Shipkitr
NH-25 353 Barmer-Beawar
NH-26 551 Raipur- Vizianagaram
NH-27 3507 Porbandar- Silchar
NH-28 570 Lucknow-Barauni
NH-30 2040 Sitarganj- Ibrahimpatnam
NH-31 1125 Barhi-Guwahati
NH-32 314 Chennai-Nagapattinam
NH-33 443 Farakka-Arwal
NH-34 1426 Gangotri Dham- Lakhnadon
NH-37 356 Sutarakandi- Bhali
NH-40 424 Kurnool-Ranipet
NH-43 806 Katni-Chandil
NH-44 3745 Srinagar-Kanyakumari
NH-47 1080 Bamanbore-Nagpur
NH-48 2807 Delhi-Chennai
NH-49 440 Kochi-Dhanushkodi
NH-50 260 Bidar-Hospet
NH-52 2317 Sangrur-Ankola
NH-53 1781 Hajira – Paradip Port
NH-58 538 Badrinath – Ghaziabad
NH-61 652 Bhiwandi – Nirmal
NH-62 748 Abohar – Pindwara
NH-65 841 Pune – Machilipatnam
NH-66 1622 Kanyakumari – Panvel
NH-67 432 Hubli – Gooty
NH-75 533 Bantwal – Vellore
NH-81 340 Coimbatore – Bengaluru
NH-85 413 Cochin – Tondi point
NH-105 67 Pinjore – Swarghat
NH-150 700 Aizawl – Kohima
NH-200 740 Raipur – Chandikhal
NH-205 442 Ananthpur – Chennai
NH-209 456 Dindigul – Bengaluru
NH-211 400 Solaphur – Dhule
NH-217 508 Raipur – Gopalpur
NH-220 265 Kollam – Teui

Waterway Transport System in India

Inland Waterways Cheapest means of transport. India has 14, 500 km of navigable waterways.The Inland Water Ways Authority of India was set up in 1986 for the regulation, maintenance and development of National Waterways.

  • There are three National waterways in the country: NW 1: Allahabad to Haldia -1620 km. NW 2 : Sadiya to Dhubri (Brahmaputra) 891km. NW 3 :Tottapuram to Kollam (west coast canal) 205 km. -Apart from these three ten other waterways have been proposed.
  • Water transport can be divided into two major categories – inland waterways and ocean waterways.
  • The Inland Waterways Authority was established in 1986 to develop, maintain and regulate national waterways in the country.
  • Ocean transport is the most important water transport because it has some advantages. The sea offers a ready-made carriageway for ships that, unlike a road or railway, do not require maintenance.
  • The surface of the water is two-dimensional and, although ships going to sea often have lanes to keep, ships can travel in any direction within a limited number of obstacles.

The major waterway connectivities in India are as follows:

Inland Waterways Number Linkages
1 Ganga- Bhagirathi- Hooghly river system
2 Sadiya-Dubri stretch in Brahmaputra river system
3 West coast canal- Champakara canal- Udyogamandal canal
4 Kakinada- Godavari- Krishna river system
5 Talcher- Paradip in Odisha
6 Lakhipur- Banga- Barak river system (proposed)

Airports Transport System in India

International Airports in India and domestic airports in India are administered by Airport Authority of India (AAI). Airport Authority of India (AAI) provides for safe efficient air traffic and aeronautical communication services in the India Air Space. The Authority manages 11 international and 112 domestic Airports.

  • Air transport in India began in 1911 with the introduction of Airmail at a distance of 10 km between Allahabad and Naini.
  • Airport Authority of India (AAI) is controlled by the Ministry of Civil Aviation.
  • AAI is responsible for managing, upgrading and maintaining the civil aviation infrastructure in India.
  • AAI provides service of Air Traffic Management in Indian airspace locations.
  • Airport Authority of India not only controlling the International and domestic airports it also controls the Customs airports and Civil enclaves at military bases.
  • Hardeep Singh Puri is the Minister of Civil Aviation in India.
  • The coastline of India is located with 12 major ports and around 200 non-major ports.
  • Major ports are under the purview of the center while non-major ports come under the jurisdiction of the respective state governments.
  • Indira Gandhi International Airport is the largest International airport constructed in 5495 acres. It is also the busiest airport in India followed by the Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport.
  • Cochin International Airport, Kerala is the first international airport in India developed under PPP- Public-Private Partnership Model.
  • Calicut International Airport, Kerala is recently added to the list of International Airports in India.
  • Juhu Aerodrome, Mumbai is the First and oldest Airport in India founded in 1928
  • Airport of Trichy is the smallest airport in India.
  • Kushok Bakula Rimpochee, Ladhak is the 23rd highest commercial airport in the world at 3256 meters.

International Airports in India

The table given below mentions the list of International Airports in India and the type or purpose these airports are used for.

International Airport Name & Code International Airport Location Type/Purpose
Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport – BOM Mumbai, Maharashtra Commercial Airport
Kempegowda International Airport – BLR Bangalore, Karnataka Commercial Airport
Chennai International Airport – MAA Chennai, Tamil Nadu Commercial Airport
Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport – CCU Kolkata, West Bengal Commercial Airport
Chaudhary Charan Singh International Airport – LKO Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh Commercial Airport
Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport – ATQ Amritsar, Punjab Commercial Airport
Visakhapatnam International Airport – VTZ Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh Civil Enclave
Kannur International Airport – CNN Kannur, Kerala Commercial Airport
Surat International Airport – STV Surat, Gujarat Commercial Airport
Devi Ahilya Bai Holkar Airport – IDR Indore, Madhya Pradesh Commercial Airport
Cochin International Airport – COK Kochi, Kerala Commercial Airport
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International Airport – AMD Ahmedabad, Gujarat Commercial Airport
Indira Gandhi International Airport – DEL Delhi Commercial Airport
Dabolim Airport – GOI Goa Civil Enclave
Pune Airport – PNQ Pune, Maharashtra Civil Enclave
Thiruvananthapuram International Airport – TRV Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala Commercial  Airport
Coimbatore International Airport – CJB Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu Commercial  Airport
Calicut International Airport – CCJ Calicut, Kerala Commercial  Airport
Biju Patnaik International Airport – BBI Bhubaneswar, Odisha Commercial  Airport
Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoloi International Airport – GAU Guwahati, Assam Civil Enclave
Lal Bahadur Shastri International Airport – VNS Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh Commercial Airport
Rajiv Gandhi International Airport- HYD Hyderabad, Telangana Commercial Airport
Tiruchirappalli International Airport – TRZ Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu Commercial Airport
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar International Airport – NAG Nagpur, Maharashtra Commercial Airport
Sheikhul Aalam International Airport – SXR Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir Civil Enclave
Imphal International Airport – IMF Imphal, Meghalaya Commercial Airport
Jaipur International Airport – JAI Jaipur, Rajasthan Commercial Airport
Madurai Airport – IXM Madurai, Tamil Nadu Customs, Commercial
Bagdogra International Airport – IXB Siliguri, West Bengal Commercial Airport
Jay Prakash Narayan International Airport – PAT Patna, Bihar Commercial (Restricted International Flights, Customs)
Mangalore International Airport – IXE Mangalore, Karnataka Commercial Airport
Chandigarh International Airport – IXC Chandigarh Civil Enclave (Restricted International Flights, Customs)

Seaport Transport System in India

Around 95% of the trading (by volume) and 70% of the trading (by value) is done by maritime transport as per the Ministry of shipping. There are 12 Major seaports in India in which 11 are government-owned and one is private. These posts are governed by the central government while the minor and intermediate ports are governed by the state governments. There are 187 non-major ports in India governed by nine coastal states.

  • The 12 major ports handled about 71 percent of the country’s maritime traffic in the year 2008-09.
  • Mumbai has a natural harbor and is the largest port in the country line pipe
  • The oil and gas industry in India imports 82% of its oil needs and aims to bring it to 67% by 2022 with local exploration, renewable energy, and indigenous ethanol fuels (January 2018).
  • The length of pipelines for crude oil is 20,000 km (12,427 mi).
  • The length of the petroleum products pipeline is 15,000 kilometers (9,300 mi).

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List of Major Sea Ports in India

Name of the Port Name of the State
Deendayal Port Trust Gujarat
Paradip Port Trust Odisha
Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust Maharashtra
Mumbai Port Trust Maharashtra
Visakhapatnam Port Trust Andhra Pradesh
Chennai Port Trust Tamil Nadu
Kolkata Port Trust West Bengal
New Mangaluru Port Trust Karnataka
V. O. Chidambaranar Port Trust Tamil Nadu
Kamarajar Port Limited Tamil Nadu
Kochi Port Trust Kerala
Mormugao Port Trust Goa

The space transport system in India

  • The Space Transportation System(STS) also known internally as the Integrated Program Plan(IPP) to NASA. It was proposed in 1969 reusable human-vehicle vehicles to support expanded operations beyond the Apollo program. Was the system.
  • Firstly, the purpose of the system was two fold: to reduce the cost of spaceflight by changing the current method of launching capsules on spendable rockets with reusable spacecraft; And to support ambitious follow-on programs, including permanent orbiting space stations around Earth and the Moon, and a manned landing mission to Mars.
  • The country’s first spaceport is located at Sriharikota in Andhra Pradesh, about 90 km northeast of Chennai.
  • India’s second spaceport for launching small satellites would be located in Tamil Nadu’s Thoothukudi district.

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Akhil Mohan

Akhil is a seasoned software engineer and content writer with a deep passion for technology and innovation. Holding an B.Tech in Electrical and Electronics Engineering. Akhil combines his technical expertise with a knack for clear and engaging communication. His unique blend of skills allows him to bridge the gap between complex technical concepts and accessible, reader-friendly content.

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