Prepositions are the words that connect nouns, pronouns, and noun phrases in a sentence to make it complete. Since prepositions can be tricky to learn, learners should be aware while reading books or other documents, and make sure they are using the preposition correctly.
In sentences, prepositions are used to introduce an object or indicate a direction, location, or time. Prepositions can be small connecting words like on, in, with, to, or big connecting words like in addition to, according to, and from within for connecting pronouns, noun phrases, and nouns in a sentence.
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Preposition: Types and Examples
The word preposition derives from its meaning Pre (before) and Position (placement). There are five types of prepositions and they are as follows:
i) Simple Preposition:
The simple preposition in a sentence is one word that connects the nouns or pronouns. Most commonly used simple prepositions are provided in the table below:
| about | between | onto |
| above | beyond | to |
| after | for | toward |
| against | in | under |
| at | into | up |
| before | of | upon |
| behind | off | with |
| beside | on | without |
Example: The book is on the table.
ii) Double Preposition:
Double prepositions in a sentence are two prepositions used together. (Often used to indicate direction)
A list of a few double prepositions used is given in the table below:
| Outside of | Out of |
| Out of | Throughout |
| Upon | Up to |
| Within | Before |
| Inside | Due to |
| Without | According to |
| Onto | From beneath |
| From behind | Next to |
| Because of | From above |
Example: They ran out of fuel.
iii) Compound Preposition:
A compound preposition is a compound word that is made of a simple preposition and another part of speech. Some of the commonly used compound prepositions are:
| According to | In favor of | But for |
| As to | In front of | Ahead of |
| Onto | Because of | Close to |
| Across | As for | Despite |
| After | Near to | Depending on |
| Beyond | Behind | Due to |
| Without | Along | In addition to |
| Opposite to | Outside | Next to |
| Away from | On account of | In between |
| Aside from | On behalf of | In case of |
| Owing to | Apart from | Outside of |
| Along with | In return for | Other than |
| Around | Out of | Together with |
| Between | Instead of | Up to |
| Above | About |
Example: The test run was delayed due to rain.
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iv) Participle Preposition:
A participle preposition is a verb that functions like a preposition. A few of the commonly used participle prepositions are as follows:
| Concerning | Excluding |
| Regarding | Respected |
| Failing | Provided |
| Considering | Pending |
| Barred | According |
| During | Barring |
| Accepting | Between |
| Notwithstanding | Taken |
| Expecting | Given |
| Following | Owing |
| Including |
Example: She works part-time during the evening.
v) Prepositional Phrase:
A prepositional phrase is a group of words in a sentence that includes a preposition, an object, and the object’s modifier. Most commonly used prepositional phrases are given below:
| In favor of | On behalf of |
| Owing to | In front of |
| According to | In any case |
| By means of | For the moment |
| In addition to | In love with |
| On the floor | In the end |
| On-time | For a while |
| To the fact that | Up the hill |
| In spite of | Considering |
| Concerning | On account of |
Example: They would like a room with a view of the mountains.
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