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Diabetes is one of the most dreaded diseases humankind has ever faced in history. The world observes Diabetes day on November 14 every year. This day is observed as world diabetes day with the objective of raising awareness against the disease diabetes. In this article, you can find more information regarding Diabetes day and the disease that will help you with your competitive exam preparation.
World Diabetes Day 2022: History
Diabetes is a silent killer that takes life gradually. World Diabetes Day was launched in 1991 by the International Diabetes Federation and the World Health Organization (WHO) in response to the rapid rise of diabetes around the world. Certain studies that have been done across the world have shown that most of the population across the globe suffer from a type of diabetes. The International Diabetes Federation in the year 1991 with the collaboration of the World Health Organization started observing November 14 as World Diabetes Day. By 2016, World Diabetes Day was being commemorated by over 230 IDF member associations in more than 160 countries and territories, as well as by other organizations, companies, healthcare professionals, politicians, celebrities, and people living with diabetes and their families. World Diabetes Day became an official United Nations Day in 2006 with the passage of United Nations Resolution 61/225. It is marked every year on 14 November, the birthday of Sir Frederick Banting, who co-discovered insulin along with Charles Best in 1922.
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World Diabetes Day Theme 2022
Certain themes are adapted for observing World Diabetes Day. For the years 2021 to 2023, the official theme for observing World Diabetes Day 2021 is Access to Diabetes Care. In 2022, The World Diabetes Day 2022 campaign will focus on access to diabetes education.
Diabetes: All you need to know
Diabetes mellitus, commonly known as diabetes, is a metabolic disease that causes high blood sugar. The hormone insulin moves sugar from the blood into your cells to be stored or used for energy. With diabetes, your body either doesn’t make enough insulin or can’t effectively use the insulin it does make. There are different types of Diabetes identified in patients. Here are the details regarding a different kind of diabetes.
- Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease. The immune system attacks and destroys cells in the pancreas, where insulin is made. It’s unclear what causes this attack. About 10 percent of people with diabetes have this type.
- Type 2 diabetes occurs when your body becomes resistant to insulin, and sugar builds up in your blood.
- Prediabetes occurs when your blood sugar is higher than normal, but it’s not high enough for a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes.
- Gestational diabetes is high blood sugar during pregnancy. Insulin-blocking hormones produced by the placenta cause this type of diabetes.
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Symptoms
When a person is affected by diabetes, several symptoms also arise. Here are some of the most common symptoms of Diabetes.
- Increased hunger
- Increased thirst
- Weight loss
- Frequent urination
- Blurry vision
- Extreme fatigue
- Sores that don’t heal
Diabetes: Causes
Different reasons can be underlined as the cause of diabetes in human beings. The given below are some of the most common causes of diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes
Doctors don’t know exactly what causes type 1 diabetes. For some reason, the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas.
Genes may play a role in some people. It’s also possible that a virus sets off the immune system attack.
Type 2 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes stems from a combination of genetics and lifestyle factors. Being overweight or obese increases your risk too. Carrying extra weight, especially in your belly, makes your cells more resistant to the effects of insulin on your blood sugar.
This condition runs in families. Family members share genes that make them more likely to get type 2 diabetes and to be overweight.
Gestational diabetes
Gestational diabetes is the result of hormonal changes during pregnancy. The placenta produces hormones that make a pregnant woman’s cells less sensitive to the effects of insulin. This can cause high blood sugar during pregnancy.
Women who are overweight when they get pregnant or who gain too much weight during their pregnancy are more likely to get gestational diabetes.
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Diabetes: Common Risk Factors
Risk factors for diabetes depend on the type of diabetes. Several risk factors of diabetes include;
- Family History
- Environmental factors
- Food Habits
- Age
- The presence of damaging immune system cells
- Inactivity
- Weight
- High blood pressure
Diabetes: Complications
- Cardiovascular disease
- Nerve damage (neuropathy)
- Kidney damage (nephropathy)
- Eye damage
- Foot damage
- Skin conditions
- Hearing impairment
- Alzheimer’s disease
- Depression
Diabetes: Tips to prevent
- Regular physical activity
- Eat healthy food
- Lose extra weight
- Drink water as your primary beverage
- Follow a high fiber diet
Surprising Facts of Diabetes
- India has the world’s highest diabetes population with over 35 million people with diabetes. By 2025, this number is expected to swell to 70 million, meaning every fifth diabetic in the world would be Indian.
- Diabetes is the 7th leading cause of death in the United States (and maybe underreported).
- In the last 20 years, the number of adults diagnosed with diabetes has more than doubled as the American population has aged and become more overweight or obese.
- 96 million US adults—over a third—have prediabetes, and more than 8 in 10 of them don’t know they have it.
- Eating sugar does not cause diabetes. But you should still cut back on sweets and sugary beverages.
- 80% of diabetes deaths are now occurring in low- and middle-income countries.
- In women, diabetes impacts estrogen levels, menstrual and ovulation cycles, and sexual desire.
- Clinical research found that babies who breastfeed for at least three months had a lower incidence of Type 1 diabetes and may be less likely to become obese as adults.
- Approximately 17 million U.S. residents have been diagnosed with diabetes, which is nearly 10% of the estimated 170 million people suffering from diabetes worldwide.
- The death rate among African-Americans with diabetes is 27% higher than among whites with diabetes. Reasons include hereditary, socio-economic issues, higher obesity rates, and lack of available health insurance or insurance coverage.
- Every 7 seconds one person dies from diabetes.
World Diabetes Day: Quiz
1) Diabetes may be defined as
Answer: Diabetes is a chronic health condition that affects how your body turns food into energy. Diabetes mellitus often referred to simply as diabetes, is a group of metabolic conditions characterized by elevated levels of blood sugar. Diabetes results from problems with insulin action or secretion from the pancreas.
2) The hormone responsible for Diabetes is _______
Answer: Insulin
3) There are _______ Types of Diabetes
Answer: 3. type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes (diabetes while pregnant
4) The essence of diabetes is a state of persistent high blood glucose (hyperglycemia), this causes proteins and glucose in the blood to undergo a concentration-dependent chemical reaction, and various compounds are produced in the blood. What are these compounds known as?
Answer: These compounds are known as advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs)
5) What test is performed to confirm the diagnosis of diabetes?
Answer: Fasting Blood Glucose
6) The normal range for blood glucose is________
Answer: 80-110 mg/dL
7) Insulin is made in the________
Answer: Pancreas
8) What condition can occur if diabetic patients’ blood glucose remains too high for very long?
Answer: Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
9) A person who has Diabetes is not able to metabolize ________
Answer: Carbohydrates
10) How many women in the world are living with diabetes?
1 in 10 women are living with diabetes, that’s over 199 million women worldwide.
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