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The Charter of Human Rights and Responsibilities is a Victorian law that puts the basic rights, freedoms and responsibilities of all individuals in Victoria. It is about the connection between the government and the public it serves.
The Charter needs public authorities, such as Victorian state and local government departments and agencies, and public providing services on behalf of the government, to act per the human rights in the Charter.
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What are Human Rights?
The U.N.O describes Human rights as the right inborn to every single individual, paying little mind to race, orientation, identity, nationality, language, religion or some other status. Each one is qualified for these freedoms without segregation.
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The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)
1: Who was the first woman President of India?
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is a momentous manuscript in the history of human rights. Prepared by agents with distinctive legal and cultural circumstances from all areas of the world, the Declaration was declared by the United Nations General Assembly in Paris on 10 December 1948 (General Assembly resolution 217 A) as a common standard of accomplishments for all individuals and all countries. It makes fundamental human rights be protected across the world and it has been translated into over 500 languages. The UDHR is extensively known as having encouraged and made the path for the implementation of more than seventy human rights agreements employed nowadays permanently worldwide as well as regional points.
The UDHR is not a treaty, so it does not directly create legal obligations for countries DHL, along with the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and its two Optional Protocols (on the method of the protest and capital punishment) and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and its Optional Protocol, structure the purported International Bill of Human Rights
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Human Rights Council
The Human Rights Council is an inter-governmental institution within the United Nations organization accountable for consolidating the upgrade and protection of human rights. It consists of 47 UN Member nations which are chosen by the UN General Assembly. The most advanced attribute of the Human Rights Council is the Universal Periodic Review. This exclusive system includes an evaluation of the human rights records of all 192 UN member nations every 4 years. The Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) act as the secretariat for the Human Rights Council.
Amnesty International
A global organisation of volunteers who fight for human rights. This institution brings out independent information on the infringement of human rights worldwide.
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Human Rights Day is celebrated on 10th December every year in memory of the United Nations General Assembly adopting the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) in 1948.
Human Rights in India
- Since the beginning, the Indian Constitution included most of the rights detailed in the Universal Declaration in the Fundamental Rights and the Directive Principles of State Policy.
- Fundamental Rights: (Articles 12 – 35). These comprise of
- Right to Equality
- Right to Freedom
- Right Against Exploitation
- Right to Freedom of Religion
- Cultural & Educational Rights
- Saving of Certain Laws
- Right to Constitutional Remedies.
- Directive Principles of State Policy: These contain
- right to social security
- right to work, to free choice of employment, and protection against unemployment,
- right to equal pay for the same work
- right to existence worthy of human dignity
- right to free and compulsory education, equal justice & free legal aid.
They are described in Articles 36 – 51.
- Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 (amended in 2019) lead to the formation of a National Human Rights Commission at the Union level, which directs State Human Rights Commission and Human Rights Courts for better safeguarding of Human Rights
Difference between fundamental rights and human rights
| Human rights | Fundamental rights |
| The rights a human being deserves to survive with respect and freedom | The elemental rights of a citizen of a nation, that are listed in the constitution and are enforceable by law |
| Basic to real life and are absolute. They cannot and should not be taken away | Only those rights which are basic to normal life |
| Recognised at global level | Guaranteed under the constitution of the country |
The Declaration of human rights is an important portion of the syllabus of SSC exams. Download the Entri app to view video lectures and download PDF notes on the subject of human rights.
