It is essential to know about the ancient, medieval and modern time Indian mathematicians and their contribution to Science and Mathematics. Ancient Indian mathematicians have contributed immensely to the field of mathematics. The invention of zero is attributed to Indians and this contribution outweighs all other made by any other nation since it is the basis of the decimal number system, without which no advancement in mathematics would have been possible. The number system used today was invented by Indians and it is still called Indo-Arabic numerals because Indians invented them and the Arab merchants took them to the western world. In this blog we will discuss about List of Indian Mathematicians and their Contributions.
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List of Indian Mathematicians and their Contributions
Bhaskara
- He is also known as Bhaskaracharya.
- He was born in 1114.
- He was the one who acknowledged that any number divided by zero is infinity and that the sum of any number and infinity is also infinity.
- The famous book “Siddhanta Siromani” was written by him.
Aryabhata
- He was born in 476 CE at Kusumapura.
- He was regarded as the first of the major mathematician-astronomers from the classical age.
- Aryabhaṭiya and Arya-Siddhanta were his known works.
- He worked on the ‘place value system’ using letters to signify numbers and stating qualities.
- He discovered the position of the 9 planets and found that these planets revolve around the sun.
- He also described the number of days in a year to be 365.
Brahmagupta
- He was born in 598 CE near present-day Rajasthan.
- The most important contribution of Brahmagupta to mathematics was introducing the concept and computing methods of zero (0).
Srinivasa Ramanujan
- He was born on 1887.
- His important contributions to this field are
- Hardy-Ramanujan-Littlewood circle method in number theory
- Roger-Ramanujan’s identities in the partition of numbers
- Work on the algebra of inequalities
- Elliptic functions
- Continued fractions
- Partial sums and products of hypergeometric series
P.C. Mahalanobis
- P.C. Mahalanobis was born in 1893.
- He is known for
- Mahalanobis distance
- Feldman–Mahalanobis model
Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao
- R Rao was born in 1920.
- He is a well-known statistician.
- He is famous for his ‘Theory of estimation’.
- He is known for
- Cramer–Rao bound
- Rao–Blackwell theorem
- Orthogonal arrays
- Score test
D. R. Kaprekar
- D. R. Kaprekar was a recreational mathematician.
- He discovered several results in number theory, comprising a class of numbers and a constant named after him.
Satyendranath Bose
- He was born in 1894.
- He is known for his collaboration with Albert Einstein.
- He is best known for his work on quantum mechanics.
- He famous contributions are
- Bose-Einstein correlations
- Bose-Einstein condensate
- Bose-Einstein distribution
- Bose-Einstein statistics
- Boson
- Bose gas
- Photon gas
- Ideal Bose equation of state
Shridhara
Born: Between 650–850 CE
Contribution: Gave a rule for finding the volume of a sphere
Mahavira
Born: 9th century CE
Notable Work: His work is a highly syncopated approach to algebra and the emphasis in much of his text is on developing the techniques necessary to solve algebraic problems.
Pavuluri Mallana
Born: 11th century CE
Notable Work: He translated Ganitasara Samgraham, a mathematical treatise of Mahivaracharya, into Telugu as Sara Sangraha Ganitamu.
Pathani Samanta
Born: 11 January, 1835-36 AD
Known for: Naked eye astronomy
Ganesh Prasad
Born: 15 November, 1876 AD
Known for: Establishing the culture of organised mathematical research in India
Notable work: A Treatise on Spherical Harmonics and the Functions of Bessel and Lame
Srinivasa Ramanujan
Born: 22 December 1887
Known for: Landau–Ramanujan constant; Mock theta functions; Ramanujan conjecture; Ramanujan prime; Ramanujan–Soldner constant; Ramanujan theta function; Ramanujan’s sum; Rogers–Ramanujan identities; Ramanujan’s master theorem
Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis
Born: 29 June 1893
Known for: Mahalanobis distance Feldman–Mahalanobis model
Subbayya Sivasankaranarayana Pillai
Born: April 5, 1901
Known for: Pillai’s conjecture; Pillai’s arithmetical function; Pillai prime
Raj Chandra Bose
Born: 19 June 1901
Known for: Association scheme; Bose–Mesner algebra; Euler’s conjecture on Latin squares; strongly regular graphs; Partial Geometries; Morse code
Samarendra Nath Roy
Born: 11 December 1906
Known for: Multivariate analysis
Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
Born: 19 October 1910
Known for: Chandrasekhar limit; Chandra X-ray Observatory; Chandrasekhar friction; Chandrasekhar number; Chandrasekhar tensor; Chandrasekhar equation; Chandrasekhar virial equations; Chandrasekhar’s Variational Principle; 1958 Chandra; Schonberg–Chandrasekhar limit
S. S. Shrikhande
Born: 19 October 1917
Known for: Euler’s conjecture
Prahladbhai Chunilal Vaidya
Born: 23 May 1918
Known for: Vaidya Metric, Vaidya–Patel solution, Einstein field equations
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Anil Kumar Gain
Born: 1 February 1919
Known for: Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient Vidyasagar University
C. R. Rao
Born: 10 September 1920
Known for: Cramér–Rao bound, Rao–Blackwell theorem, Orthogonal arrays, Score test
Harish Chandra
Born: 11 October 1923
Known for: Harish-Chandra’s c-function;Harish-Chandra’s character formula; Harish-Chandra homomorphism; Harish-Chandra isomorphism; Harish-Chandra module; Harish-Chandra’s regularity theorem; Harish-Chandra’s Schwartz space; Harish Chandra transform; Harish-Chandra’s Ξ function
Raghu Raj Bahadur
Born: 30 April 1924
Known for: Bahadur efficiency; Anderson–Bahadur algorithm; Bahadur-Ghosh-Kiefer representation
Gopinath Kallianpur
Born: April 25, 1925
Known for: Fisher consistency
Shreeram Shankar Abhyankar
Born: July 22, 1930
Known for: Abhyankar’s conjecture, Abhyankar’s lemma, Abhyankar–Moh theorem
C.S. Seshadri
Born: February 29, 1932
Known for: Seshadri constant; Narasimhan–Seshadri theorem;standard monomial theory
K. S. S. Nambooripad
Born: 6 April 1935
Vinod Behari Johri
Born: 10 June 1935
Known for: Power law inflation in Brans–Dicke theory; Theory of integrated tracking of quintessence fields of dark energy;Phantom cosmologies
K. R. Parthasarathy
Born: 25 June 1936
Known for: Quantum stochastic calculus
Veeravalli S. Varadarajan
Born: May 1937
Known for: Trombi–Varadarajan theorem
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Vasanti N. Nayak
Born: 10 June 1938
Known for: Combinatorial design and Graph Theory
Srinivasa Varadhan
Born: 2 January 1940
Known for: Martingale problems; large deviation theory
Vashishtha Narayan Singh
Born: April 2, 1942
Known for: Reproducing Kernels and Operators with a Cyclic Vector
Siddani Bhaskara Rao
Born: 1943
Known for: Frequency partition,Line graphs, Degree sequences
N. M. Singhi
Born: 1949
Known for: Combinatorics and Graph Theory
Sujatha Ramdorai
Known for: non-commutative Iwasawa theory, Arithmetic of Algebraic varieties
Narendra Krishna Karmarkar
Born: 1957
Known for: Karmarkar’s algorithm
Manindra Agrawal
Born: 20 May, 1966
Known for: AKS primality test
Chandrashekhar Khare
Born: 1968
Known for: Proof of Serre conjecture
Subhash Khot
Known for: Unique games conjecture
Dr. Neena Gupta
Known for: Providing a counter-example over a field of positive characteristic to the special Zariski Cancellation Problem.
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