List of Indian Mathematicians and their Contributions

It is essential to know about the ancient, medieval and modern time Indian mathematicians and their contribution to Science and Mathematics. Ancient Indian mathematicians have contributed immensely to the field of mathematics. The invention of zero is attributed to Indians and this contribution outweighs all other made by any other nation since it is the basis of the decimal number system, without which no advancement in mathematics would have been possible. The number system used today was invented by Indians and it is still called Indo-Arabic numerals because Indians invented them and the Arab merchants took them to the western world. In this blog we will discuss about List of Indian Mathematicians and their Contributions.

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List of Indian Mathematicians and their Contributions

Bhaskara

He is also known as Bhaskaracharya.
He was born in 1114.
He was the one who acknowledged that any number divided by zero is infinity and that the sum of any number and infinity is also infinity.
The famous book “Siddhanta Siromani” was written by him.

Aryabhata

He was born in 476 CE at Kusumapura.
He was regarded as the first of the major mathematician-astronomers from the classical age.
Aryabhaṭiya and Arya-Siddhanta were his known works.
He worked on the ‘place value system’ using letters to signify numbers and stating qualities.
He discovered the position of the 9 planets and found that these planets revolve around the sun.
He also described the number of days in a year to be 365.

Brahmagupta

He was born in 598 CE near present-day Rajasthan.
The most important contribution of Brahmagupta to mathematics was introducing the concept and computing methods of zero (0).

Srinivasa Ramanujan

He was born on 1887.
His important contributions to this field are
- Hardy-Ramanujan-Littlewood circle method in number theory
- Roger-Ramanujan’s identities in the partition of numbers
- Work on the algebra of inequalities
- Elliptic functions
- Continued fractions
- Partial sums and products of hypergeometric series

P.C. Mahalanobis

P.C. Mahalanobis was born in 1893.
He is known for
- Mahalanobis distance
- Feldman–Mahalanobis model

Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao

R Rao was born in 1920.
He is a well-known statistician.
He is famous for his ‘Theory of estimation’.
He is known for
- Cramer–Rao bound
- Rao–Blackwell theorem
- Orthogonal arrays
- Score test

D. R. Kaprekar

D. R. Kaprekar was a recreational mathematician.
He discovered several results in number theory, comprising a class of numbers and a constant named after him.

Satyendranath Bose

He was born in 1894.
He is known for his collaboration with Albert Einstein.
He is best known for his work on quantum mechanics.
He famous contributions are
- Bose-Einstein correlations
- Bose-Einstein condensate
- Bose-Einstein distribution
- Bose-Einstein statistics
- Boson
- Bose gas
- Photon gas
- Ideal Bose equation of state

Shridhara

Born: Between 650–850 CE

Contribution: Gave a rule for finding the volume of a sphere

Mahavira

Born: 9th century CE

Notable Work: His work is a highly syncopated approach to algebra and the emphasis in much of his text is on developing the techniques necessary to solve algebraic problems.

Pavuluri Mallana

Born: 11th century CE

Notable Work: He translated Ganitasara Samgraham, a mathematical treatise of Mahivaracharya, into Telugu as Sara Sangraha Ganitamu.

Pathani Samanta

Born: 11 January, 1835-36 AD

Known for: Naked eye astronomy

Ganesh Prasad

Born: 15 November, 1876 AD

Known for: Establishing the culture of organised mathematical research in India

Notable work: A Treatise on Spherical Harmonics and the Functions of Bessel and Lame

Srinivasa Ramanujan

Born: 22 December 1887

Known for: Landau–Ramanujan constant; Mock theta functions; Ramanujan conjecture; Ramanujan prime; Ramanujan–Soldner constant; Ramanujan theta function; Ramanujan’s sum; Rogers–Ramanujan identities; Ramanujan’s master theorem

Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis

Born: 29 June 1893

Known for: Mahalanobis distance Feldman–Mahalanobis model

Subbayya Sivasankaranarayana Pillai

Born: April 5, 1901

Known for: Pillai’s conjecture; Pillai’s arithmetical function; Pillai prime

Raj Chandra Bose

Born: 19 June 1901

Known for: Association scheme; Bose–Mesner algebra; Euler’s conjecture on Latin squares; strongly regular graphs; Partial Geometries; Morse code

Samarendra Nath Roy

Born: 11 December 1906

Known for: Multivariate analysis

Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar

Born: 19 October 1910

Known for: Chandrasekhar limit; Chandra X-ray Observatory; Chandrasekhar friction; Chandrasekhar number; Chandrasekhar tensor; Chandrasekhar equation; Chandrasekhar virial equations; Chandrasekhar’s Variational Principle; 1958 Chandra; Schonberg–Chandrasekhar limit

S. S. Shrikhande

Born: 19 October 1917

Known for: Euler’s conjecture

Prahladbhai Chunilal Vaidya

Born: 23 May 1918

Known for: Vaidya Metric, Vaidya–Patel solution, Einstein field equations

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Anil Kumar Gain

Born: 1 February 1919

Known for: Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient Vidyasagar University

C. R. Rao

Born: 10 September 1920

Known for: Cramér–Rao bound, Rao–Blackwell theorem, Orthogonal arrays, Score test

Harish Chandra

Born: 11 October 1923

Known for: Harish-Chandra’s c-function;Harish-Chandra’s character formula; Harish-Chandra homomorphism; Harish-Chandra isomorphism; Harish-Chandra module; Harish-Chandra’s regularity theorem; Harish-Chandra’s Schwartz space; Harish Chandra transform; Harish-Chandra’s Ξ function

Raghu Raj Bahadur

Born: 30 April 1924

Known for: Bahadur efficiency; Anderson–Bahadur algorithm; Bahadur-Ghosh-Kiefer representation

Gopinath Kallianpur

Born: April 25, 1925

Known for: Fisher consistency

Shreeram Shankar Abhyankar

Born: July 22, 1930

Known for: Abhyankar’s conjecture, Abhyankar’s lemma, Abhyankar–Moh theorem

C.S. Seshadri

Born: February 29, 1932

Known for: Seshadri constant; Narasimhan–Seshadri theorem;standard monomial theory

K. S. S. Nambooripad

Born: 6 April 1935

Vinod Behari Johri

Born: 10 June 1935

Known for: Power law inflation in Brans–Dicke theory; Theory of integrated tracking of quintessence fields of dark energy;Phantom cosmologies

K. R. Parthasarathy

Born: 25 June 1936

Known for: Quantum stochastic calculus

Veeravalli S. Varadarajan

Born: May 1937

Known for: Trombi–Varadarajan theorem

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Vasanti N. Nayak

Born: 10 June 1938

Known for: Combinatorial design and Graph Theory

Srinivasa Varadhan

Born: 2 January 1940

Known for: Martingale problems; large deviation theory

Vashishtha Narayan Singh

Born: April 2, 1942

Known for: Reproducing Kernels and Operators with a Cyclic Vector

Siddani Bhaskara Rao

Born: 1943

Known for: Frequency partition,Line graphs, Degree sequences

N. M. Singhi

Born: 1949

Known for: Combinatorics and Graph Theory

Sujatha Ramdorai

Known for: non-commutative Iwasawa theory, Arithmetic of Algebraic varieties

Narendra Krishna Karmarkar

Born: 1957

Known for: Karmarkar’s algorithm

Manindra Agrawal

Born: 20 May, 1966

Known for: AKS primality test

Chandrashekhar Khare

Born: 1968

Known for: Proof of Serre conjecture

Subhash Khot

Known for: Unique games conjecture

Dr. Neena Gupta

Known for: Providing a counter-example over a field of positive characteristic to the special Zariski Cancellation Problem.

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