Selenium WebDriver Interview Questions

A critical stage of the software development life cycle is testing (SDLC). In particular, manual testing entails physically running test cases against the apps to find defects and errors. However, manual testing presented several difficulties, thus an approach to automate the testing procedure was required. Selenium, a potent automated testing tool, was consequently released. This is why getting a job in the selenium industry is unquestionably a positive, and passing the selenium interview is the trick! Let us look at some of the important interview questions for Selenium Webdriver.

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1. What exactly is selenium made of?

A set of tools for automated web testing is called Selenium. It is made up of

• Integrated Development Environment for Selenium (Selenium IDE): This is a tool for recording and replaying. It is a Firefox plugin
• WebDriver and RC offer APIs for many different programming languages, including Java,.NET, PHP, and others. The majority of browsers support Webdriver and RC.
• Grid: By distributing testing across numerous computers, tests may be run concurrently, which reduces the amount of time needed to execute test suites for web browsers.

2. Which testing modalities does Selenium support?

Selenium primarily supports functional and regression testing.

• Testing for Regression:

To make sure that the present functionalities operate as intended, all test cases are regularly run, either in full or in part. It involves the actions listed below,

• Re-testing: The whole Test Suite’s test cases are run, which is time-consuming and expensive.
• Regression Test case Selection: Some test cases are chosen from the test cases that are grouped or classified as feature tests, integration tests, etc.
• Test case prioritization: The chosen test cases are ranked according to their importance in terms of both functionality and business effect.
• Functional Evaluation:

This verifies each of the application’s functions against a predetermined standard. As it doesn’t care about the application’s source code, this is largely black-box testing. It involves the actions listed below,

• The test input is recognized.
• It computes the test outcome.
• This test case is run.
• The test result and the actual result are compared accordingly.

3. Which API does the Selenium web driver utilize to test databases?

Selenium uses JDBC (Java Database connection) for database testing. This enables us to create and run SQL (Structured Query Language) queries.

4. Can you describe the difficulties you run across while using the Selenium Web driver to handle Ajax calls?

The difficulties we have when managing AJAX calls are as follows:

• The pause command is unconventional and not always handled correctly in Ajax calls. Long pauses do make the test case execution take longer to complete. To test AJAX apps, we can instead utilize the wait for condition method.
• It is challenging to evaluate the danger posed by these applications.
• Creating automation test case scenarios for AJAX applications is challenging due to encoding and serialization.

5. Could you please describe how the web driver handles colors?

Bypassing the color as an argument to the getCssValue(arg0) call, we may retrieve the colors.

6. Which web driver implementation is the quickest?

Implementation of the web driver The quickest is HTML Unit Driver. This is because this driver merely uses plain HTTP, which is faster than expected, rather than running the tests in the browser.

7. What distinguishes an absolute path from a relative path?

A relative path is a partial path that is relative to the current directory, whereas an absolute path is an entire path from the root directory to the file or directory you want to access.

8. What distinguishes a WebDriver from a RemoteWebDriver?

A RemoteWebDriver is a driver that enables communication with a browser on a distant machine, as opposed to a WebDriver, which is an interface for communicating with a browser.

9. What distinguishes a findElement from find elements?

Unlike find elements, which provide a list of WebElements, findElement delivers a single WebElement.

10. What distinguishes a get request from a post request?

Data can be retrieved from a server using a get request and submitted to a server using a post request.

11. What makes a cookie different from a session?

A session is a collection of connected user and website interactions, whereas a cookie is a short bit of data saved on the user’s computer.

12. How is the same-origin policy handled? What is it?

A feature called the Same Origin policy was included for security reasons. This policy states that as long as both pages share the same origin, a web browser will permit scripts from one webpage to access the content of another webpage. The hostname, port number, and URL scheme together make up the origin.

13. Describe Selenese.

The Selenium commands known as Selenese are used to test your web application. Using Selenese, the tester can test broken links, the existence of certain UI objects, Ajax capabilities, notifications, windows, list choices, and much more.

14. What types of waits does WebDriver support?

• Implicit wait – It instructs Selenium to delay throwing a “No such element” exception for a predetermined period.
• Explicit wait – Explicit wait instructs the Web Driver to wait before throwing an “ElementNotVisibleException” error under specific circumstances.
• Fluent wait: This tells the web driver how long to wait for a condition to occur, as well as how often to check the condition before raising an “ElementNotVisibleException” exception.

15. How does Selenium handle pop-up windows?

Web applications were the focus of Selenium’s creation. Selenium does not include native support for Windows-based capabilities. To handle pop-ups and other Windows-based features, Selenium can be connected with third-party technologies like AutoIT, Robot, etc.

16. How does WebDriver handle screenshots?

WebDriver’s TakeScreenshot interface can be used to take screenshots. The screenshot can be saved using the getScreenshotAs() method.

17. What is the function of switchTo()?

The switchTo() command is used within the application to switch between windows, frames, or pop-ups. Every window that the WebDriver instantiates receives a special alphanumeric value called a “Window Handle.”

18. How does Selenium WebDriver handle file uploads?

Use the Robot class method or sendkeys() to accomplish this. Click the submit button after finding the text box, sending the file path using sendkeys().

19. What is an exception pause?

By selecting the pause symbol in the IDE’s upper right corner, the user can use this tool to manage exceptions. The script pauses at that specific statement and switches into debug mode when it encounters an exception. Since the full test case passes, the user can fix the mistake right away. on the Selenium IDE?

20. How does Selenium WebDriver discover broken links?

When we travel to a URL using the driver.get() method, it will return a status of 200-OK. 200 – OK indicates that the link is active and that the data has been acquired. Any other status is a sign that the link is broken if it is obtained.

21. What does the statement in Selenium mean, exactly?

An approach to determining if a specific condition is true or false is to make an assertion. Assertions are used in Selenium to check the status of components on a page or the outcomes of an action. Assertions can be used to determine whether a certain element is present or absent, its value, or its text.

22. How does Selenium WebDriver launch different browsers?

Through a variety of techniques, Selenium WebDriver allows us to launch several browsers. To indicate the location of the executable file for the browser, for instance, we can use the setWebDriver() method. As an alternative, we can add a unique profile preference to the browser using the addCustomProfilePreference() method. Finally, we can start the browser by calling the launchBrowser() method.

23. How do drag-and-drop operations work with WebDriver?

Drag and drop operations can be carried out with WebDriver’s Actions class. There are several methods in this class that can be used to carry out different tasks including clicking, dragging, and dropping.

24. How does WebDriver run an application?

When utilizing WebDriver, you may start programs either by using the “navigate” method or by calling the “get” method on the driver instance. Additionally, applications can be launched by using a third-party tool like Selenium IDE.

25. Describe the Selenium Grid’s operation.

Selenium Grid delivered the tests to the hub. Selenium Webdriver receives these tests and launches the browser and executes them. It enables the concurrent execution of tests for the whole test suite. using a third-party product like Selenium IDE to be activated.

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Automation Testing Interview Questions

A software tool conducts the testing, programmatically running the test’s code, supplying the pre-configured inputs, and comparing the output to what was anticipated. Automated testing is a software tool that performs the testing, programmatically running the test’s code, supplying the pre-configured inputs, and comparing the output to what was anticipated. Important questions that a potential employer for a software tester employment may ask. Its main area of interest is automation testing.

1. What is testing using automation?

A software testing technique called automation testing involves using a tool or framework to programmatically run the tests rather than manually going through and running each test case one at a time.

2. What different kinds of testing are automated?

• Unit tests: Software developers create unit tests, which isolate one piece of code for testing.
• Integration tests: These examine the interoperability of various software components.
• Regression tests: Confirm that any broken functionality was not caused by the new code.
• Performance evaluations: Verify that the program will operate normally even under demanding conditions or high loads.
• UI tests: Verify the software’s consistent user interface and that none of the visible items on the screen are malfunctioning.

3. When is test automation appropriate?

Under the following circumstances, a test is a strong candidate for automation.

• The test can be repeated.
• The tested feature doesn’t commonly alter its behavior.
• A human tester needs a lot of time.
• There are challenging computations throughout the test.
• The test makes sure that following a new change, the existing functionality didn’t stop working.

4. Should all testing be automated?

Although there are benefits to test automation, it is impractical to automate all forms of testing. User interface testing, usability testing, and accessibility testing are some types of testing that can only be carried out by a human tester. Another testing method where a human tester adds more value than an automated test is exploratory testing. In exploratory testing, a tester randomly browses around the product, just as an end-user would, to discover any bugs, UI inconsistencies, or other hidden issues that developers may have missed.

5. A test environment is what?

A computer or server used to test software is referred to as a test environment. The tester installs the team’s newly created software, complete with all of its dependencies, on this machine to simulate the production environment. As a result, the program can be tested in a real-world situation.

6. Browser automation – what is it?

The process of mechanically opening a web application in a browser and carrying out certain operations automatically, much as a typical user would, is known as “browser automation.” You can test quickly and effectively using a browser rather than a human tester. Some of the frequently used tools for in-browser testing are Protractor, Cypress, and Selenium.

7. Cross-browser testing is what?

You can’t predict in advance which browsers your users will use while using online applications. Therefore, it’s essential to test the website or web application across many operating systems and main browsers. In cross-browser testing, a sort of automated browser testing, the tester determines whether the online application will function properly on several browsers.

8. Why is cross-browser testing necessary?

Cross-browser testing guarantees that your web application functions as intended across numerous platforms and devices using various iterations of popular browsers. It makes sure that consumers receive the same features and experiences regardless of the browser they use. It aids in reaching a large audience and enables users to switch devices and browsers while still receiving the same user experience, which boosts client happiness and cultivates a foundation of devoted customers.

9. Automated regression testing: what is it?

Regression testing is a testing method where a tester ensures that no functionality from the old features has been broken. Its objective is to confirm that tested and developed functionality continues to function when new code has been added. Automated regression testing is when a tester uses testing frameworks and tools to carry out the regression testing automatically.

10. Does automated testing replace manual testing?

No. Testing that is automated does not render manual testing unnecessary. Manual exploratory testing is necessary to detect faults you are unaware of, such as improper requirements or implementations, even though automated tests can assist prevent regression issues or identifying issues that you are already aware of.

11. Who ought to be in charge of test automation? QA or developers?

The creation, execution, and management of test scripts fall under the purview of the team, which is meant to function as a single entity tasked with delivering a high-quality software system. To properly do automation testing, developers and quality assurance specialists should work together and complement one another’s abilities.

12. Describe UI testing.

The purpose of UI testing is to make sure that the software provides a consistent user experience and that none of the screen’s graphical or visual elements are damaged. Advanced UI testing also makes sure that the user interface is simple to use, avoids frequent errors, and doesn’t obstruct people from completing their tasks.

13. Describe Protractor.

You can test your web apps end-to-end with Protractor, an open-source automated testing tool. It is based on WebDriverJS. Google created Protractor, which is used specifically for testing Angular applications.

14. What is a platform for test automation?

A technology or framework called a test automation platform makes it simple to automate software testing. It automates the entire procedure using software and scripts created by developers or testers.

15. What does the Robot framework mean?

A growing number of people are using the open-source robotic process automation platform called Robot Framework (RPA). Robotic process automation attempts to use software to mimic the movements and interactions of people. Robotic automation can (to a certain extent) comprehend what is on the screen, press keys and buttons, navigate to links, and retrieve data, just like actual humans can.

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Wrapping up

Program testing is a crucial process that guarantees quality and assures developers to release the software to clients. Software testing that uses tools, scripts, and frameworks to automate tests to increase testing efficiency and speed is known as automation testing. Hope the above questions will help you to secure your dream job in your dream field.

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