Full Stack JavaScript Development – An Introduction

Over 20 years have passed since the invention of JavaScript. The majority of web development is done using this programming language. A full stack JavaScript developer is a person who can develop both client and server software.

JavaScript was initially a language for the web client (browser). After that, JavaScript support for the web server was introduced (with Node.js). In addition to mastering HTML and CSS,

• Program a browser (like using JavaScript, jQuery, Angular, or Vue)
• Program a server (like using Node.js)
• Program a database (like using MongoDB)

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What Is Full-Stack? 

The term “full-stack” refers to all of the technologies and skills that are needed to finish a project. Each of these is called a “stack.” To put it another way, stacks can be made for mobile, the Web, or software. Plenty of the time, a software engineer works on either the front end or back end. In other words, the full stack is a set of frameworks, libraries, and tools for both client and server software that help make an application or website work well. That is to say; this includes programming for the browser with JavaScript, jQuery, Angular, Vue, and other languages, and programming for the server with ASP, Python, Node, PHP, and other languages.

What Is Full-Stack Development?

1. Full-Stack Development

Full Stack Development (FSD) is a software development process that includes both the front and back end. To that end, a Full Stack Developer may design and create the front end while simultaneously designing, developing, and debugging databases and the software’s backend. There are two significant components to full-stack application development. Development of the FrontEnd and BackEnd.

2. Full-Stack Web Developers

From the beginning to the end, a development project is in the hands of a full-stack developer. Professionals are well-versed in the ins and outs of various environments and integrations, as well as the various frameworks, libraries, and tools that go into building a successful app or website. As a result, full-stack developers are familiar with the frontend as well as the backend of a website’s technology. What’s more is that they are well-versed in server, network, and hosting settings, as well as frontend and backend languages and frameworks.

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Technologies Used in Full Stack Development

1. Frontend

Frontend Languages, Frameworks, and Libraries,

HTML

HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the most fundamental component of the World Wide Web. It defines the structure and meaning of web content.

CSS

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a stylesheet language used to describe the appearance of an HTML or XML document.

Bootstrap

Bootstrap is an open-source framework for developing mobile-friendly websites and apps. When it comes to creating mobile-friendly, responsive websites, it is by far the most widely used HTML, CSS, and JavaScript framework.

W3.CSS

W3. CSS is a responsive CSS framework with built-in functionality. It is smaller and faster than competing CSS frameworks, and it enables responsive mobile-first design by default.

JavaScript

First-class functions can be found in the lightweight programming language known as JavaScript (JS), which can be interpreted or just-in-time built.

ES5

ECMAScript 2009, sometimes referred to as ES5, was the first significant update to JavaScript. This chapter discusses the most essential ES5 features.

HTML DOM

HTML DOM is the Object Model for HTML. It defines: HTML elements as objects. Properties for all HTML components. There are methods for each HTML element.

JSON

JSON is a standard text-based format for encoding structured data based on JavaScript object syntax.

XML

XML (Extensible Markup Language) is used to define data. The XML standard allows for the flexible creation of information formats and the electronic exchange of structured data through the public internet and corporate networks.

jQuery

jQuery UI is a collection of curated user interface interactions, effects, widgets, and themes built on top of the jQuery JavaScript Library.

Angular

It is a platform and framework for constructing single-page client applications with HTML and TypeScript. TypeScript is used to author Angular.

React

React.js is an open-source JavaScript package designed primarily for creating user interfaces for single-page apps. It manages the view layer for online and mobile applications.

Backbone.js

BackboneJS is a lightweight JavaScript toolkit that allows developers to build and structure client-side web browser applications.

Ember.js

Ember.js is a JavaScript framework that significantly decreases the time, effort, and resources required to develop any web application.

Redux

Redux is an open-source JavaScript library for centralized application state management. It is an application data-flow architecture as opposed to a standard library or framework, such as Underscore.js and AngularJS.

Storybook

Storybook is a JavaScript application that enables developers to design organized UI systems, making the building process more efficient and the documentation simpler to use.

GraphQL

GraphQL is a query language and server-side runtime for application programming interfaces (APIs) that gives clients only the data they seek.

Meteor.js

MeteorJS is a comprehensive framework for developing JavaScript apps. Meteor employs data-on-the-wire, which means the server provides data rather than HTML and the client renders it.

Grunt

Grunt is a JavaScript Task Runner and command-line tool for JavaScript objects. It is a task manager built on Node.js.

Gulp

Gulp is yet another tool developed by the open-source community to automate tedious web development activities. Gulp allows us to automate numerous time-intensive, repetitive client-side processes.

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Free Tutorials To Learn

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2. Backend

Back End Languages, Frameworks, and Libraries

PHP

One of the most popular server-side programming languages, PHP has been rapidly evolving in recent years to become both efficient and powerful. PHP is a wonderful language for anyone looking to create dynamic web applications because of its compatibility with HTML and databases.

ASP

Microsoft’s ASP.NET is an open-source web application framework that can be used to create dynamic websites.

C++

C++ is an Object Oriented language, which means it focuses on objects. An addition to the C programming language.

C#

C#, or C sharp, is a programming language used to develop a wide variety of software, including mobile and desktop applications, web and cloud-based services, business and enterprise software, and video games.

Java

Java is one of the most popular programming languages and is a safe, secure, and reliable object-oriented language. Developers use Java to create software for computers, servers, game consoles, supercomputers in the sciences, mobile phones, and other devices. After Python and C, Java is the third most widely used programming language.

Python

Python is a high-level, interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language that may be used for various purposes.

Node.js

Node.js is a free and open-source server platform. Since Node.js is server-side, JavaScript may be executed there.

Express.js

It is a node.js online application framework with extensive support for creating desktop and mobile applications. It can be used to create both traditional multi-page web applications and hybrid ones.

Ruby

Ruby is a scripting language created by Yukihiro “Matz” Matsumoto. It’s compatible with Windows, macOS, and several flavors of UNIX.

REST

Representational State Transfer (REST) is an architectural style that establishes norms for interoperability and uniformity in data exchange among distributed computing resources on the Web.

Go

Go is an open-source programming language that facilitates the development of robust, maintainable, and efficient applications.

SQL

SQL (Standard Query Language) is an industry-standard language for managing and accessing information kept in databases.

MongoDB

MongoDB is built on a scale-out architecture that has become popular with developers of all types for building scalable applications with changing data schemas.

Sass

Syntactically Awesome Style Sheets (Sass) is a preprocessor scripting language used to generate Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) (CSS). The actual scripting language is called SassScript.

Less

Leaner style sheet (LESS) is a dynamic preprocessor style sheet language that may be compiled into cascading style sheets (CSS) and executed locally or remotely.

Firebase.com

Google’s Firebase is a platform for making mobile apps that help you build, improve, and grow your app.

Parse.com

Parse Server is an open-source backend that can be used on any infrastructure that can run Node.js.

PaaS (Azure and Heroku)

Platform as a service (PaaS) is a cloud computing model in which a third-party provider sends hardware and software tools to users over the internet.

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How to become a full stack developer

A full stack JavaScript programmer obviously has to have strong JavaScript skills. However, there are a variety of technologies to be aware of while building a full-stack JavaScript application with sophisticated features. Let’s dissect it into the many components of entire stack.

Full stack technologies

Front End Developer Skills	Back End Developer Skills
JavaScript libraries and frameworks (jQuery, React JS) Responsive/Mobile designVersion control/Git	API architectures (REST/SOAP)Database managementGeneral understanding of front end technologies (for cross-team communication)
PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES FRONT END DEVELOPERS NEED TO KNOW	PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES BACK END DEVELOPERS NEED TO KNOW
HTML, CSS, JavaScript	Python, PHP, Ruby on Rails.

Pros and cons of full stack JavaScript

Pros:

• Team Efficiency. There is no need to rethink the logic in another language that might expand the amount of time needed to complete a task. Similar concepts make writing the code a bit simpler. Teams also work better together if they all understand the codebase.
• Same language means less errors and less code. Since the client and server are both in JavaScript, there is less of a chance for errors in code due to syntax mixups. Using npm’s node_modules in both the front- and backend abstracts code away from your project to make the codebase smaller.
• Efficient. Asynchronous JavaScript, with the use of the event loop, makes it very much a desired technology due to its efficiency. It’s lightweight and fast, making it really popular among large tech companies today.
• Not niche. JavaScript is one of the most popular programming languages in the world, ranking alongside Java and Python. It doesn’t take too long to learn the codebase or to find someone to join the team if a new developer is needed.
• Active Community. The JavaScript web developer community is a vast community with many resources.
• Open-Source. If you were to take a look at NPM homepage, you’ll see that we have a wide variety of open-source projects and modules available for us to use for projects. This lowers the cost-to-market for your application.

Cons:

• Heavy processing is not efficient. If your project involves heavy mathematical computation or complex algorithms, Node.js is not your best bet. You’re better off using a backend service that is more aligned with working with that type of dataset.
• Young. Node.js is a relatively young piece of technology compared to PostgreSQL or MySQL. Being young sometimes means lack of experience in how the problems are solved.

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