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SQL is becoming a very popular language to master because practically every programmer uses it to develop the storage functions of their application. By learning this, the developer gains a deeper grasp of the program and an extra degree of control over the data structures used to store the organization’s data. In this article we will cover top Genpact SQL interview questions. In addition to the responses from the SQL developers at Genpact and the confidence you need to ace your upcoming SQL interview.
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Introduction
Genpact is a global provider of the professional services with an emphasis on business process outsourcing, analytics, consulting, and the digital transformation. With the operations spread throughout more than 25 countries, the company’s headquarters are in the New York City. It serves customers in a variety of industries, including banking, financial services, insurance, healthcare, life sciences, manufacturing, the high-tech consumer products, retail, and more.
The language used by databases is SQL. Its extensive range and strong functionality allow it to load database objects using commands like INSERT as well as create, modify, and drop a wide range of database objects. Numerous such instructions give the programmer a great deal of control over how they interface with the database, enabling them to do so effectively and efficiently with minimal resource waste.
Why Join the Genpact?
1. The Global Leader in the Professional Services
- The Genpact is a well-established leader in the digital transformation and the business process services. Being part of a globally recognized organization can enhance your professional status. And also open the doors to your future opportunities.
2. Diverse the Career Opportunities
- With a presence in the multiple industries, Genpact offers diverse career paths in areas like data analytics, IT, the consulting. This allows you to explore the different domains and find a role that suits your skills and interests.
- Genpact will highlight professional development, offering the certifications, and learning platforms to help you grow in your career.
3. Innovative and Technology-Driven Environment
- Genpact influences the latest technologies, like the AI, machine learning, and automation, to drive the business transformation. Working here gives you the opportunity to be at the lead of the technological innovation.
4. Employee Culture
- The Genpact places importance on maintaining a healthy work-life balance with the flexible work arrangements and employee support initiatives.
- The company promotes a culture of diversity and insertion, encouraging the collaboration across the teams.
5. Global Exposure
- Genpact provides opportunities to work in a multicultural environment, gain global exposure, and pursue the international assignments.
- Working with the clients across different regions will enhances your cross-functional skills and understanding of the global markets.
6. Commitment to Social Responsibility
- The Genpact is committed to giving back to the community through various CSR initiatives. And then focused on the education, environmental sustainability, and the social welfare.
- The company upholds the strong ethical standards, promoting the integrity and responsibility in all its business practices.
7. Competitive Compensation and Benefits
- Genpact will offers competitive salaries, performance-based bonuses, and comprehensive benefits. In addition to the health insurance, retirement plans, and the employee discounts.
- The company will recognizes and rewards the high-performing employees through the various awards, motivating you to excel in your role.
Genpact SQL interview Preparation Tips
To excel in a Genpact SQL interview, it is important to be well-prepared, not only with the technical knowledge but also with practical problem-solving skills. Here are some tips to help you get ready in Genpact interview:
1. Understand the SQL Basics Thoroughly
- Firstly you should ensure that you are comfortable with the basic SQL commands. Such as the
SELECT
,INSERT
,UPDATE
,DELETE
,JOIN
,GROUP BY
,ORDER BY
, andWHERE
. - You should know the different data types in the SQL and how to use them effectively.
2. Practice with the Writing Complex Queries
- You should be proficient in the different types of joins (INNER, LEFT, RIGHT, FULL) and should know when to use each.
- Also you should understand how to write and optimize the Subqueries and the Nested Queries.
- Should familiarize yourself with the window functions like
ROW_NUMBER()
,RANK()
,DENSE_RANK()
, and thePARTITION BY
.
3. Focus on the Data Manipulation and Aggregation
- Be comfortable with the Aggregate Functions using the
SUM()
,COUNT()
,AVG()
,MAX()
,MIN()
, and how to combine these with theGROUP BY
. - Should practice transforming data with the functions like
CASE
,COALESCE
,CAST
, andCONVERT
. - You should familiar with the string functions (
CONCAT
,SUBSTRING
,REPLACE
). And the date functions (DATEADD
,DATEDIFF
,FORMAT
).
4. Optimize the SQL Queries
- You should understand that how the indexes work and how they can be used to optimize the query performance.
- Should learn the techniques to improve the query efficiency, such as minimizing the use of the
DISTINCT
. Also avoiding the unnecessary columns in theSELECT
, and using theEXPLAIN
to analyze the query plans.
5. Real-World Problem Solving
- You should practice in solving the real-world business problems using the SQL. This will help you to understand how to apply the SQL knowledge to extract the meaningful insights from the data.
- Should understand the principles of the data normalization and learnn how to ensure the data integrity within the databases.
6. Understand the Business Context
- Try to understand the type of data that Genpact deals with in your domain of the interest. This can help you expect the kind of problems you may need to solve.
- Be aware of the key performance indicators (KPIs) and the metrics that are important in the data analysis and how the SQL can be used to calculate and report them.
7. Prepare for Behavioral Questions
- Be ready to discuss your approach to solving the SQL problems, including how you handle challenges or optimize the queries.
- You might be asked about your experience working with the teams, particularly in the data-related projects.
8. Mock Interviews
- Conduct the mock interviews with your friends or colleagues who can provide the feedback on your performance.
- Use platforms like the LeetCode, HackerRank, or SQLZoo to practice the SQL problems and get familiar to the timed assessments.
9. Brush Up on Tools
- Practice on the popular SQL environments or the databases like MySQL, SQL Server, PostgreSQL, or Oracle.
- While the focus will be on the SQL, knowing how the SQL integrates with the tools like Tableau or the Power BI could be advantageous.
10. Stay Updated
- Keep up with any new SQL features or the updates in the databases you are familiar with. As the interviewers might appreciate your knowledge of the latest trends.
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Top Genpact SQL Interview Questions and Answers
1. What is Pattern Matching in SQL?
2. How to create empty tables with the same structure as another table?
SELECT * INTO Students_copy
FROM Students WHERE 1 = 2;
3. What is a Recursive Stored Procedure?
4. What is Collation? What are the different types of Collation Sensitivity?
- Case sensitivity: A and a are treated differently.
- Accent sensitivity: a and á are treated differently.
- Kana sensitivity: Japanese kana characters Hiragana and Katakana are treated differently.
- Width sensitivity: Same character represented in single-byte (half-width) and double-byte (full-width) are treated differently.
5. What are the differences between OLTP and OLAP?
OLAP stands for Online Analytical Processing, a class of software programs that are characterized by the relatively low frequency of online transactions. Queries are often too complex and involve a bunch of aggregations. For OLAP systems, the effectiveness measure relies highly on response time. Such systems are widely used for data mining or maintaining aggregated, historical data, usually in multi-dimensional schemas.
6. What is User-defined function? What are its various types?
- Scalar Function: As explained earlier, user-defined scalar functions return a single scalar value.
- Table-Valued Functions: User-defined table-valued functions return a table as output.
- Inline: returns a table data type based on a single SELECT statement.
- Multi-statement: returns a tabular result-set but, unlike inline, multiple SELECT statements can be used inside the function body.
7. What is a UNIQUE constraint?
CREATE TABLE Students ( /* Create table with a single field as unique */
ID INT NOT NULL UNIQUE
Name VARCHAR(255)
);
CREATE TABLE Students ( /* Create table with multiple fields as unique */
ID INT NOT NULL
LastName VARCHAR(255)
FirstName VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL
CONSTRAINT PK_Student
UNIQUE (ID, FirstName)
);
ALTER TABLE Students /* Set a column as unique */
ADD UNIQUE (ID);
ALTER TABLE Students /* Set multiple columns as unique */
ADD CONSTRAINT PK_Student /* Naming a unique constraint */
UNIQUE (ID, FirstName);
8. What is a Query?
SELECT fname, lname /* select query */
FROM myDb.students
WHERE student_id = 1;
UPDATE myDB.students /* action query */
SET fname = 'Captain', lname = 'America'
WHERE student_id = 1;
9. What is Data Integrity?
10. What is the difference between Clustered and Non-clustered index?
- Clustered index modifies the way records are stored in a database based on the indexed column. A non-clustered index creates a separate entity within the table which references the original table.
- Clustered index is used for easy and speedy retrieval of data from the database, whereas, fetching records from the non-clustered index is relatively slower.
- In SQL, a table can have a single clustered index whereas it can have multiple non-clustered indexes.
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11. What are Constraints in SQL?
- NOT NULL – Restricts NULL value from being inserted into a column.
- CHECK – Verifies that all values in a field satisfy a condition.
- DEFAULT – Automatically assigns a default value if no value has been specified for the field.
- UNIQUE – Ensures unique values to be inserted into the field.
- INDEX – Indexes a field providing faster retrieval of records.
- PRIMARY KEY – Uniquely identifies each record in a table.
- FOREIGN KEY – Ensures referential integrity for a record in another table.
12. What are Tables and Fields?
13. What is the difference between SQL and MySQL?
14. What are some common clauses used with SELECT query in SQL?
- WHERE clause in SQL is used to filter records that are necessary, based on specific conditions.
- ORDER BY clause in SQL is used to sort the records based on some field(s) in ascending (ASC) or descending order (DESC).
SELECT *
FROM myDB.students
WHERE graduation_year = 2019
ORDER BY studentID DESC;
- GROUP BY clause in SQL is used to group records with identical data and can be used in conjunction with some aggregation functions to produce summarized results from the database.
- HAVING clause in SQL is used to filter records in combination with the GROUP BY clause. It is different from WHERE, since the WHERE clause cannot filter aggregated records.
15. List the different types of relationships in SQL.
- One-to-One – This can be defined as the relationship between two tables where each record in one table is associated with the maximum of one record in the other table.
- One-to-Many & Many-to-One – This is the most commonly used relationship where a record in a table is associated with multiple records in the other table.
- Many-to-Many – This is used in cases when multiple instances on both sides are needed for defining a relationship.
- Self-Referencing Relationships – This is used when a table needs to define a relationship with itself.
16. What is an Alias in SQL?
17. What is PostgreSQL?
18. What is the capacity of a table in PostgreSQL?
19. Define tokens in PostgreSQL?
20. What is SQL?
21. What is RDBMS? How is it different from DBMS?
22. How do you define Indexes in PostgreSQL?
This is undoubtedly inefficient for a system dealing with huge data. Now if this system had an index on the column where we are applying search, it can use an efficient method for identifying matching rows by walking through only a few levels. This is called indexing.
Select * from some_table where table_col=120
23. Can you explain the architecture of PostgreSQL?
- The architecture of PostgreSQL follows the client-server model.
- The server side comprises of background process manager, query processer, utilities and shared memory space which work together to build PostgreSQL’s instance that has access to the data. The client application does the task of connecting to this instance and requests data processing to the services. The client can either be GUI (Graphical User Interface) or a web application. The most commonly used client for PostgreSQL is pgAdmin.
23. Does PostgreSQL support full text search?
24. What are parallel queries in PostgreSQL?
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