A database management system which is commonly known as DBMS is a software tool that enables users to access and format a database easily. It allows users to access and interact with the concerned data in the database. The range of accessibility or the actions can range from simply querying data to defining database schemas that fundamentally affect the database structure. Data is the cornerstone of any modern software application, and databases are the most common way to store and manage data used by applications. With the intervention of web and cloud technologies, databases have evolved from traditional relational databases to more advanced types of databases such as NoSQL, columnar, key-value, hierarchical, and distributed databases. Each type has the ability to handle structured, semi-structured, and even unstructured data.
In addition to it, databases are continuously handling mission-critical and sensitive data. When this is accompanied with compliance requirements and the distributed nature of most data sets, managing databases has become highly complex. As a result, organizations require robust, secure, and user-friendly tools to maintain these databases.
Database Management System-Types
A database management system which is commonly known as DBMS is a software tool that enables users to access and format a database easily. It allows users to access and interact with the concerned data in the database. The range of accessibility or the actions can range from simply querying data to defining database schemas that fundamentally affect the database structure. Data is the cornerstone of any modern software application, and databases are the most common way to store and manage data used by applications. With the intervention of web and cloud technologies, databases have evolved from traditional relational databases to more advanced types of databases such as NoSQL, columnar, key-value, hierarchical, and distributed databases. Each type has the ability to handle structured, semi-structured, and even unstructured data.
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In addition to it, databases are continuously handling mission-critical and sensitive data. When this is accompanied with compliance requirements and the distributed nature of most data sets, managing databases has become highly complex. As a result, organizations require robust, secure, and user-friendly tools to maintain these databases. Listed below are major types of databases.
- Hierarchical databases.
- Network databases.
- Relational databases.
- Object-oriented databases.
- Graph databases.
- ER model databases.
- Document databases.
- NoSQL databases.
Database Management System-Examples
databases are continuously handling mission-critical and sensitive data. When this is accompanied with compliance requirements and the distributed nature of most data sets, managing databases has become highly complex. As a result, organizations require robust, secure, and user-friendly tools to maintain these databases. A database management system which is commonly known as DBMS is a software tool that enables users to access and format a database easily. It allows users to access and interact with the concerned data in the database. The range of accessibility or the actions can range from simply querying data to defining database schemas that fundamentally affect the database structure. Data is the cornerstone of any modern software application, and databases are the most common way to store and manage data used by applications. With the intervention of web and cloud technologies, databases have evolved from traditional relational databases to more advanced types of databases such as NoSQL, columnar, key-value, hierarchical, and distributed databases. Each type has the ability to handle structured, semi-structured, and even unstructured data. Lia
- MySQL.
- Microsoft Access.
- Oracle.
- PostgreSQL.
- dBASE.
- FoxPro.
- SQLite.
- IBM DB2.
Database Management System(DBMS) -Application
Data is the cornerstone of any modern software application, and databases are the most common way to store and manage data used by applications. With the intervention of web and cloud technologies, databases have evolved from traditional relational databases to more advanced types of databases such as NoSQL, columnar, key-value, hierarchical, and distributed databases. . In addition to it, databases are continuously handling mission-critical and sensitive data. When this is accompanied with compliance requirements and the distributed nature of most data sets, managing databases has become highly complex. As a result, organizations require robust, secure, and user-friendly tools to maintain these databases. Each type has the ability to handle structured, semi-structured, and even unstructured data. A database management system which is commonly known as DBMS is a software tool that enables users to access and format a database easily.
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It allows users to access and interact with the concerned data in the database. The range of accessibility or the actions can range from simply querying data to defining database schemas that fundamentally affect the database structure. There are different fields where a database management system is utilized. Following are a few applications which utilize the information base administration framework –
- Railway Reservation System
- In the rail route reservation framework, the information base is needed to store the record or information of ticket appointments, status about train’s appearance, and flight.
- With the invention of database it is possible that , if trains get late, individuals become acquainted with it through the information base update.
- Library Management System
- Large number of books in the library so; it is difficult to store the record of the relative multitude of books in a register or duplicate.
- In addition to this, the data set administration framework (DBMS) is utilized to keep up all the data identified with the name of the book, issue date, accessibility of the book, and its writer.
- Banking
- Database the executive’s framework is utilized to store the exchange data of the client in the information base.
- Education Sector
- Currently, assessments are led online by numerous schools and colleges.
- They deal with all assessment information through the data set administration framework (DBMS).
- In spite of that understudy’s enlistments subtleties, grades, courses, expense, participation, results, and so forth all the data is put away in the information base.
- Credit card exchanges
- The database Management framework is utilized for buying on charge cards and age of month to month proclamations.
- Social Media Sites
- Generally, use of online media sites to associate with companions and to impart our perspectives to the world.
- Each day, many people group pursue these online media accounts like Pinterest, Facebook, Twitter, and Google in addition to.
- By the utilization of the data set administration framework, all the data of clients are put away in the information base and, we become ready to interface with others.
- Broadcast communications
- In absence DBMS any media transmission organization can’t function.
- The Database the executive’s framework is key for these organizations to store the call subtleties and month to month postpaid bills in the information base.
- Account
- The information base administration framework is utilized for putting away data about deals, holding and acquisition of monetary instruments, for example, stocks and bonds in a data set.
- Online Shopping
- In recent days web-based shopping has become a major pattern.
- Nobody needs to visit the shop and burn through their time.
- Everybody needs to shop through web based shopping sites, (for example, Amazon, Flipkart, Snapdeal) from home.
- Hence all the items are sold and added uniquely with the assistance of the information base administration framework (DBMS).
- Receipt charges, installments, buy data these are finished with the assistance of DBMS.
- Human Resource Management
- Big firms or organizations have many specialists or representatives working under them.
- They store data about worker’s compensation, assessment, and work with the assistance of an information base administration framework (DBMS).
- Manufacturing
- Manufacturing organizations make various kinds of items and deal them consistently.
- To keep the data about their items like bills, acquisition of the item, amount, inventory network the executives, information base administration framework (DBMS) is utilized.
- Airline Reservation System
- This framework is equivalent to the railroad reservation framework.
- As mentioned earlier, framework additionally utilizes an information base administration framework to store the records of flight takeoff, appearance, and defer status.
Database Management System (DBMS) -Notes
With the intervention of web and cloud technologies, databases have evolved from traditional relational databases to more advanced types of databases such as NoSQL, columnar, key-value, hierarchical, and distributed databases. Data is the cornerstone of any modern software application, and databases are the most common way to store and manage data used by applications. In addition to it, databases are continuously handling mission-critical and sensitive data. When this is accompanied with compliance requirements and the distributed nature of most data sets, managing databases has become highly complex. As a result, organizations require robust, secure, and user-friendly tools to maintain these databases. Each type has the ability to handle structured, semi-structured, and even unstructured data. A database management system which is commonly known as DBMS is a software tool that enables users to access and format a database easily. It allows users to access and interact with the concerned data in the database. The range of accessibility or the actions can range from simply querying data to defining database schemas that fundamentally affect the database structure. There are different fields where a database management system is utilized.
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Database Management System-MCQs
1. What is the full form of DBMS?
a) Data of Binary Management System
b) Database Management System
c) Database Management Service
d) Data Backup Management System
The correct answer is Database Management System
2. What is a database?
a) Organized collection of information that cannot be accessed, updated, and managed
b) Collection of data or information without organizing
c) Organized collection of data or information that can be accessed, updated, and managed
d) Organized collection of data that cannot be updated
The correct answer is Organized collection of data or information that can be accessed, updated, and managed
3. What is DBMS?
a) DBMS is a collection of queries
b) DBMS is a high-level language
c) DBMS is a programming language
d) DBMS stores, modifies and retrieves data
The correct answer is DBMS stores, modifies and retrieves data
4. Who initially created the DBMS?
a) Edgar Frank Codd
b) Charles Bachman
c) Charles Babbage
d) Sharon B. Codd
The correct answer is Charles Bachman
5. Which type of data can be stored in the database?
a) Image oriented data
b) Text, files containing data
c) Data in the form of audio or video
d) All of the above
The correct answer is All of the above
6. In which of the following formats data is stored in the database management system?
a) Image
b) Text
c) Table
d) Graph
The correct answer is Table
7. Which of the following is not a type of database?
a) Hierarchical
b) Network
c) Distributed
d) Decentralized
The correct answer is Decentralized
8. Which of the following is not an example of DBMS?
a) MySQL
b) Microsoft Acess
c) IBM DB2
d) Google
The correct answer is Google
9. Which of the following is a feature of DBMS?
a) Minimum Duplication and Redundancy of Data
b) High Level of Security
c) Single-user Access only
d) Support ACID Property
The correct answer is Single-user Access only
10. Which of the following is a feature of the database?
a) No-backup for the data stored
b) User interface provided
c) Lack of Authentication
d) Store data in multiple locations
The correct answer is User interface provided
11. Which of the following is not a function of the database?
a) Managing stored data
b) Manipulating data
c) Security for stored data
d) Analysing code
The correct answer is Analysing code
12. Which of the following is a function of the DBMS?
a) Storing data
b) Providing multi-users access control
c) Data Integrity
d) All of the above
The correct answer is All of the above
13. Which of the following is a component of the DBMS?
a) Data
b) Data Languages
c) Data Manager
d) All of the above
The correct answer is All of the above
14. Which of the following is known as a set of entities of the same type that share same properties, or attributes?
a) Relation set
b) Tuples
c) Entity set
d) Entity Relation model
The correct answer is Entity set
15. What is information about data called?
a) Hyper data
b) Tera data
c) Meta data
d) Relations
The correct answer is Meta data
16. What does an RDBMS consist of?
a) Collection of Records
b) Collection of Keys
c) Collection of Tables
d) Collection of Fields
The correct answer is Collection of Tables
17. The values appearing in given attributes of any tuple in the referencing relation must likewise occur in specified attributes of at least one tuple in the referenced relation, according to _____________________ integrity constraint.
a) Referential
b) Primary
c) Referencing
d) Specific
The correct answer is Referential
18. _____________ is a hardware component that is most important for the operation of a database management system.
a) Microphone
b) High speed, large capacity disk to store data
c) High-resolution video display
d) Printer
The correct answer is High speed, large capacity disk to store data
19. The DBMS acts as an interface between ________________ and ________________ of an enterprise-class system.
a) Data and the DBMS
b) Application and SQL
c) Database application and the database
d) The user and the software
The correct answer is Database application and the database
20. The ability to query data, as well as insert, delete, and alter tuples, is offered by ____________
a) TCL (Transaction Control Language)
b) DCL (Data Control Language)
c) DDL (Data Definition Langauge)
d) DML (Data Manipulation Langauge)
The correct answer is DML (Data Manipulation Langauge)
21. ______________ is a set of one or more attributes taken collectively to uniquely identify a record.
a) Primary Key
b) Foreign key
c) Super key
d) Candidate key
The correct answer is Super key
22. Which command is used to remove a relation from an SQL?
a) Drop table
b) Delete
c) Purge
d) Remove
The correct answer is Drop table
23. Which of the following set should be associated with weak entity set for weak entity to be meaningful?
a) Neighbour set
b) Strong entity set
c) Owner set
d) Identifying set
The correct answer is Identifying set
24. Which of the following command is correct to delete the values in the relation teaches?
a) Delete from teaches;
b) Delete from teaches where Id =’Null’;
c) Remove table teaches;
d) Drop table teaches;
The correct answer is Delete from teaches;
25. Procedural language among the following is __________
a) Domain relational calculus
b) Tuple relational calculus
c) Relational algebra
d) Query language
The correct answer is Relational algebra
26. _________________ operations do not preserve non-matched tuples.
a) Left outer join
b) Inner join
c) Natural join
d) Right outer join
The correct answer is Inner join
27. Which forms have a relation that contains information about a single entity?
a) 4NF
b) 2NF
c) 5NF
d) 3NF
The correct answer is 4NF
28. The top level of the hierarchy consists of ______ each of which can contain _____.
a) Schemas, Catalogs
b) Schemas, Environment
c) Environment, Schemas
d) Catalogs, Schemas
The correct answer is Catalogs, Schemas
29. _______ indicates the maximum number of entities that can be involved in a relationship.
a) Greater Entity Count
b) Minimum cardinality
c) Maximum cardinality
d) ERD
The correct answer is Maximum cardinality
30. The user IDs can be added or removed using which of the following fixed roles?
a) db_sysadmin
b) db_accessadmin
c) db_securityadmin
d) db_setupadmin
The correct answer is db_accessadmin
31. Why the following statement is erroneous?
SELECT dept_name, ID, avg (salary) FROM instructor GROUP BY dept_name;
a) Dept_id should not be used in group by clause
b) Group by clause is not valid in this query
c) Avg(salary) should not be selected
d) None
The correct answer is Dept_id should not be used in group by clause
32. The traditional storage of data organized by the customer, stored in separate folders in filing cabinets is an example of ______________ type of ‘database’ management system.
a) Object-oriented database management system
b) Relational database management system
c) Network database management system
d) Hierarchical database management system
The correct answer is Hierarchical database management system
33. After groups have been established, SQL applies predicates in the ___________ clause, allowing aggregate functions to be used.
a) Where
b) Having
c) Group by
d) With
The correct answer is With
34. Which of the following is not the utility of DBMS?
i) Backup ii) Loading iii) Process Organization iv) File organization
a) i, ii, and iv only
b) i, ii and iii only
c) i, iii and iv only
d) All i, ii, iii, and iv
The correct answer is i, ii, and iv only
35. What does a foreign key combined with a primary key create?
a) Network model between the tables that connect them
b) Parent-Child relationship between the tables that connects them
c) One to many relationship between the tables that connects them
d) All of the mentioned
The correct answer is Network model between the tables that connect them
36. Which of the following is correct according to the technology deployed by DBMS?
a) Pointers are used to maintain transactional integrity and consistency
b) Cursors are used to maintain transactional integrity and consistency
c) Locks are used to maintain transactional integrity and consistency
d) Triggers are used to maintain transactional integrity and consistency
The correct answer is Locks are used to maintain transactional integrity and consistency
37. Which of the following is correct regarding the file produced by a spreadsheet?
a) can be used as it is by the DBMS
b) stored on disk in an ASCII text format
c) all of the mentioned
d) none of the mentioned
The correct answer is can be used as it is by the DBMS
38. What is the function of the following command?
Delete from r where P;
a) Clears entries from relation
b) Deletes relation
c) Deletes particular tuple from relation
d) All of the mentioned
The correct answer is Deletes particular tuple from relation
39. ______ resembles Create view.
a) Create table . . . as
b) Create view as
c) Create table . . .like
d) With data
The correct answer is The ‘create table… as’ statement is similar to the ‘create view… as’ statement in that both are defined with queries. The main distinction is that table contents are set when the table is built, whereas view contents always reflect the current query result.
40. The query specifying the SQL view is said to be updatable if it meets which of the following conditions?
a) select clause contains relation attribute names but not have expressions, aggregates, or distinct specification
b) from clause has 1 relation
c) query does not have group by or having clause
d) All of the mentioned
The correct answer is All of the mentioned
41. When the “ROLLUP” operator for expression or columns within a “GROUP BY” clause is used?
a) Find the groups that make up the subtotal in a row
b) Create group-wise grand totals for the groups indicated in a GROUP BY clause
c) Group expressions or columns specified in a GROUP BY clause in one direction, from right to left, for computing the subtotals
d) To produce a cross-tabular report for computing subtotals by grouping phrases or columns given within a GROUP BY clause in all available directions
The correct answer is Group expressions or columns specified in a GROUP BY clause in one direction, from right to left, for computing the subtotals
42. Which of the following is the best way to represent the attributes in a large db?
a) Dot representation
b) Concatenation
c) Relational-and
d) All of the mentioned
The correct answer is Concatenation
43. Which of the following is the subset of SQL commands used to manipulate Oracle Structures, including tables?
a) Data Described Language
b) Data Retrieval Language
c) Data Manipulation Language
d) Data Definition Language
The correct answer is Data Definition Language
44. Which of the following functions construct histograms and use buckets for ranking?
a) Ntil()
b) Newtil()
c) Rank()
d) All of the mentioned
The correct answer is Ntil()
45. __________ command is used in SQL to issue multiple CREATE TABLE, CREATE VIEW and GRANT statements in a single transaction.
a) CREATE CLUSTER
b) CREATE PACKAGE
c) CREATE SCHEMA
d) All of the mentioned
The correct answer is CREATE SCHEMA
46. Which of the following key is required in to handle the data when the encryption is applied to the data so that the unauthorised user cannot access the data?
a) Primary key
b) Authorised key
c) Encryption key
d) Decryption key
The correct answer is Decryption key
47. Which of the following is known as the process of viewing cross-tab with a fixed value of one attribute?
a) Dicing
b) Pivoting
c) Slicing
d) Both Pivoting and Dicing
The correct answer is Slicing
48. For designing a normal RDBMS which of the following normal form is considered adequate?
a) 4NF
b) 3NF
c) 2NF
d) 5NF
The correct answer is 3 NF
49. Which of the following is popular for applications such as storage of log files in a database management system since it offers the best write performance?
a) RAID level 0
b) RAID level 1
c) RAID level 2
d) RAID level 3
The correct answer is RAID level 1
50. Which of the following represents a query in the tuple relational calculus?
a) { }{P(t) | t }
b) {t | P(t)}
c) t | P() | t
d) All of the mentioned
The correct answer is {t | P(t)}
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