Software Testing Job interview Questions and Answers [ Updated ]

In this Software Testing Job interview Questions and Answers article, we have collected some commonly asked interview questions for you. If one prepares really well for the interview the chances of faring well in it will be high. These questions are going to be very useful for you.

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What is the Software Testing? 

Software testing is like checking if a new toy works right before you play with it. It’s making sure the software does what it’s supposed to do and doesn’t mess up.

 What We Check:

Does It Work Right?

• Making sure all the buttons and features do what they’re supposed to.
• Checking that it does what it’s supposed to do without any mistakes.

How Fast Does It Go?

• Testing how fast it runs and if it can handle lots of people using it at the same time.

Is It Easy to Use?

• Seeing if it’s easy to figure out how to use without getting confused.

Did We Break Anything?

• Making sure any changes we make don’t mess up things that were working fine before.

Does It Work Everywhere?

• Checking if it works on different devices and computers, not just ours.

Is It Safe?

• Making sure it won’t let bad guys in or accidentally let people see things they shouldn’t.

Software Testing Job interview Questions and Answers [ Updated ]

1. What is Software Testing?

Answer:

• Checking if software works correctly.
• Finding and fixing bugs.
• Ensuring it meets user needs.

2. What are the different types of testing?

Answer:

• Manual Testing: Done by humans.
• Automated Testing: Done by software tools.
• Functional Testing: Checking features.
• Non-functional Testing: Checking performance, usability, etc.

3. What is a Test Case?

Answer:

• A set of actions to verify a specific feature.
• Includes steps, inputs, and expected results.

4. What is a Test Plan?

Answer:

• A document outlining the testing strategy.
• Includes scope, approach, resources, and schedule.

5. What is Regression Testing?

Answer:

• Re-testing to ensure new changes don’t break existing functionality.

6. What is UAT (User Acceptance Testing)?

Answer:

• Testing by the end-users.
• Ensures the software meets their needs.

7. What is the difference between verification and validation?

Answer:

• Verification: Are we building the product right? (Checking the process)
• Validation: Are we building the right product? (Checking the final product)

8. What are the stages of the Software Testing Life Cycle (STLC)?

Answer:

• Requirement Analysis
• Test Planning
• Test Case Development
• Test Environment Setup
• Test Execution
• Test Cycle Closure

9. What is Exploratory Testing?

Answer:

• Testing without a plan.
• Exploring the software to find defects.

10. What is a Defect?

Answer:

• A flaw in the software.
• Causes the software to behave unexpectedly.

11. What are the severity levels of defects?

Answer:

• Critical: Stops the software from working.
• Major: Major feature is broken.
• Minor: Minor feature is broken.
• Trivial: Cosmetic issues.

12. What is Test Coverage?

Answer:

• How much of the software is tested.
• Includes requirements, code, and functionality.

13. What is a Bug Report?

Answer:

• A document describing a defect.
• Includes steps to reproduce, expected and actual results.

14. What is Smoke Testing?

Answer:

• Preliminary testing.
• Checks basic functionality.

15. What is Sanity Testing?

Answer:

• Checks specific functionality after changes.
• Ensures that the changes work correctly.

16. What is Integration Testing?

Answer:

• Testing combined parts of an application.
• Ensures they work together.

17. What is System Testing?

Answer:

• Testing the entire system.
• Ensures it meets requirements.

18. What is Performance Testing?

Answer:

• Checking how the software performs under load.
• Includes speed, responsiveness, and stability.

19. What is Load Testing?

Answer:

• Checking how the software handles a large number of users.

20. What is Stress Testing?

Answer:

• Testing beyond normal limits.
• Ensures the software can handle extreme conditions.

21. What is Usability Testing?

Answer:

• Checking if the software is easy to use.
• Focuses on user experience.

22. What is a Test Scenario?

Answer:

• A high-level description of what to test.
• Represents a user story or feature.

23. What is Test Automation?

Answer:

• Using tools to run tests automatically.
• Saves time and effort.

24. What tools have you used for automation?

Answer:

• Selenium
• QTP/UFT
• JUnit
• TestNG

25. What is Continuous Integration (CI)?

Answer:

• Frequently integrating code changes.
• Automated testing for early defect detection.

26. What is Continuous Testing?

Answer:

• Running tests continuously as part of CI.
• Ensures ongoing quality.

27. What is a Test Environment?

Answer:

• Setup where tests are executed.
• Includes hardware, software, and network configurations.

28. How do you prioritize test cases?

Answer:

• Based on business impact.
• Based on risk.
• Based on functionality criticality.

29. What is End-to-End Testing?

Answer:

• Testing the complete application flow.
• Mimics real-world use.

30. What is a Test Strategy?

Answer:

• High-level approach for testing.
• Includes objectives, methods, resources, and tools.

31. What is Boundary Value Analysis?

Answer:

• A testing technique.
• Tests at the boundaries between partitions.
• Example: For an input range of 1-100, test at 0, 1, 99, 100, and 101.

32. What is Equivalence Partitioning?

Answer:

• A testing technique.
• Divides input data into equivalent partitions.
• Tests one value from each partition.

33. What is White Box Testing?

Answer:

• Testing based on the internal code structure.
• Also called structural testing.

34. What is Black Box Testing?

Answer:

• Testing based on requirements and functionality.
• No knowledge of the internal code structure.

35. What is Grey Box Testing?

Answer:

• A mix of White Box and Black Box testing.
• Tester has limited knowledge of the internal code structure.

36. What is Alpha Testing?

Answer:

• Testing done by developers and testers within the organization.
• Before releasing to external users.

37. What is Beta Testing?

Answer:

• Testing done by real users in a real environment.
• After Alpha testing but before the final release.

38. What is Test Data?

Answer:

• Data used in test cases to test software functionality.

39. What is a Test Suite?

Answer:

• A collection of test cases.
• Executed together to test a specific part of the software.

40. What is Test Driven Development (TDD)?

Answer:

• A development approach.
• Writing tests before writing the actual code.
• Ensures code meets the test requirements from the start.

41. What is Behavior Driven Development (BDD)?

Answer:

• An extension of TDD.
• Focuses on the behavior of the application.
• Uses natural language descriptions for test cases.

42. What is a Test Harness?

Answer:

• A set of tools and test data.
• Used to test software by running tests and providing results.

43. What is Acceptance Testing?

Answer:

• Final testing before releasing to users.
• Ensures the software meets business requirements.

44. What is Code Coverage?

Answer:

• Measures how much of the code is tested.
• Higher coverage means more code is tested.

45. What is a Mock Object?

Answer:

• An object that mimics the behavior of real objects.
• Used in testing to simulate interactions.

46. What is the difference between a bug and a defect?

Answer:

• Bug: An error found during testing.
• Defect: A variance from the expected result in the final product.

47. What is Ad-hoc Testing?

Answer:

• Unplanned, informal testing.
• No formal test cases or documentation.

48. What is a Test Bed?

Answer:

• The environment where tests are executed.
• Includes hardware, software, network configurations.

49. What is Pair Testing?

Answer:

• Two people test the software together.
• Often involves one tester and one developer.

50. What is the difference between load testing and stress testing?

Answer:

• Load Testing: Checking performance under expected load.
• Stress Testing: Checking performance under extreme conditions.

51. What is Scalability Testing?

Answer:

• Testing to ensure the software can handle growth.
• Focuses on how well it scales with more users or data.

52. What is a Traceability Matrix?

Answer:

• A document mapping requirements to test cases.
• Ensures all requirements are covered by tests.

53. What is Test Scenario?

Answer:

• A high-level description of what to test.
• Represents a specific use case.

54. What is the importance of test documentation?

Answer:

• Provides a record of testing activities.
• Helps in tracking progress, coverage, and identifying gaps.

55. What is a Walkthrough?

Answer:

• A review process.
• Involves a step-by-step presentation of a document or code.

56. What is a Review?

Answer:

• A formal evaluation of documents or code.
• Ensures quality and correctness.

57. What is Configuration Management?

Answer:

• Tracking and controlling changes in the software.
• Ensures consistency and integrity over the development lifecycle.

58. What is Test Completeness?

Answer:

• Ensuring all planned tests have been executed.
• All requirements are covered, and all defects are addressed.

59. What is Dynamic Testing?

Answer:

• Testing the software by executing it.
• Focuses on finding runtime errors.

60. What is Static Testing?

Answer:

• Testing without executing the code.
• Includes reviews, walkthroughs, and inspections.

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61. What is Defect Life Cycle?

Answer:

• The stages a defect goes through from identification to closure.
• Includes states like New, Assigned, Fixed, Retested, and Closed.

62. What is a Test Stub?

Answer:

• A piece of code used to simulate a module.
• Helps in testing components independently.

63. What is a Test Driver?

Answer:

• A program used to test a module by simulating a caller.
• Often used in integration testing.

64. What is Boundary Testing?

Answer:

• Testing the boundaries between partitions.
• Ensures edge cases are handled correctly.

65. What is a Test Log?

Answer:

• A record of test execution.
• Includes details like who ran the test, when, and results.

66. What is the difference between Test Strategy and Test Plan?

Answer:

• Test Strategy: High-level approach and goals for testing.
• Test Plan: Detailed document outlining how to achieve the strategy.

67. What is Test Environment Setup?

Answer:

• Preparing the environment where testing will be conducted.
• Includes hardware, software, and network configurations.

68. What is Test Execution?

Answer:

• Running the test cases.
• Recording the outcomes and comparing them with expected results.

69. What is Defect Density?

Answer:

• The number of defects found in a software component.
• Typically measured per thousand lines of code (KLOC).

70. What is Test Effort Estimation?

Answer:

• Estimating the time and resources needed for testing.
• Helps in planning and scheduling testing activities.

Conclusion:

This article discusses some of the common interview question and answers that one can prepare before going for the software tester interview. It is important to prepare yourself thoroughly before attending the interview.