Entri Blog
No Result
View All Result
Friday, June 2, 2023
  • State PSC
    • Kerala PSC
    • TNPSC
    • APPSC
    • TSPSC
    • BPSC
    • Karnataka PSC
    • MPPSC
    • UPPSC
  • Banking
    • IBPS PO Notification
    • IBPS Clerk Notification
    • SBI PO Notification
    • SBI Clerk Notification
    • SBI SO Notification
    • SBI Apprentice Notification
    • Canara Bank PO Notification
    • Indian Bank PO Notification
    • RBI Assistant Notification
    • RBI Office Attendant Notification
    • IBPS RRB Notification
    • IBPS RRB Office Assistant Notification
  • Govt Exams
    • Railway
    • SSC
  • Skilling
    • Coding
    • Spoken English
    • Stock Marketing
  • TET
    • APTET
    • CTET
    • DSSSB
    • Karnataka TET
    • Kerala TET
    • KVS
    • MPTET
    • SUPER TET
    • TNTET
    • TSTET
    • UPTET
  • Courses
    • Data Science Course
      • Data Science Malayalam
    • Full Stack Developer Course
      • Full Stack Development Malayalam
      • Full Stack Development Hindi
      • Full Stack Development Tamil
      • Full Stack Development Telugu
      • Full Stack Development Kannada
    • Stock Market Course
      • Stock Market Course in Malayalam
      • Stock Market Course in Tamil
      • Options Trading Course
    • Spoken English Course
      • Spoken English Course in Malayalam
      • Spoken English Course in Hindi
      • Spoken English Course in Telugu
      • Spoken English Course in Tamil
      • Spoken English Course in Kannada
    • Python Programming Course
    • Practical Accounting Course
    • Quantity Surveying Course
  • Others
    • GATE
    • MAT
    • KMAT
    • UPSC
Try out Spoken English!
Entri Blog
  • State PSC
    • Kerala PSC
    • TNPSC
    • APPSC
    • TSPSC
    • BPSC
    • Karnataka PSC
    • MPPSC
    • UPPSC
  • Banking
    • IBPS PO Notification
    • IBPS Clerk Notification
    • SBI PO Notification
    • SBI Clerk Notification
    • SBI SO Notification
    • SBI Apprentice Notification
    • Canara Bank PO Notification
    • Indian Bank PO Notification
    • RBI Assistant Notification
    • RBI Office Attendant Notification
    • IBPS RRB Notification
    • IBPS RRB Office Assistant Notification
  • Govt Exams
    • Railway
    • SSC
  • Skilling
    • Coding
    • Spoken English
    • Stock Marketing
  • TET
    • APTET
    • CTET
    • DSSSB
    • Karnataka TET
    • Kerala TET
    • KVS
    • MPTET
    • SUPER TET
    • TNTET
    • TSTET
    • UPTET
  • Courses
    • Data Science Course
      • Data Science Malayalam
    • Full Stack Developer Course
      • Full Stack Development Malayalam
      • Full Stack Development Hindi
      • Full Stack Development Tamil
      • Full Stack Development Telugu
      • Full Stack Development Kannada
    • Stock Market Course
      • Stock Market Course in Malayalam
      • Stock Market Course in Tamil
      • Options Trading Course
    • Spoken English Course
      • Spoken English Course in Malayalam
      • Spoken English Course in Hindi
      • Spoken English Course in Telugu
      • Spoken English Course in Tamil
      • Spoken English Course in Kannada
    • Python Programming Course
    • Practical Accounting Course
    • Quantity Surveying Course
  • Others
    • GATE
    • MAT
    • KMAT
    • UPSC
No Result
View All Result
Entri Blog
Spoken English
banner top article banner top article
Home Articles

Fundamentals of Computer – Study Notes for Bank Exams 2022

by Famida
January 17, 2022
in Articles, Banking, Banking Notes
Fundamentals of Computer - Study Notes For Bank Exams 2022
Share on FacebookShare on WhatsAppShare on Telegram

Table of Contents

  • Fundamentals of Computer
    • Introduction
    • What Is A Computer? 
    • Basic Computer Operations
    • Computer System
    • Generation Of Computers
    • Types Of Computers
    • Hardware And Software
    • Input And Output Unit
    • Operating System
    • Characteristics Of Computer

Fundamentals of Computer is one of the important topics that a candidate aspiring for a bank job should be thorough with. This article contains short notes for this topic which the aspirant can go through before appearing for his exam.

Fundamentals of Computer

Introduction

  • The term computer is obtained from the word ‘compute’, which means ‘to calculate’.
  • The effect of computers in our daily affairs is tremendous and visible in all fields.
  • In this article, you will learn about the fundamentals of computer, its works, and functions.

What Is A Computer? 

  • Computer is an ED or electronic device which is can receive information, process it with the help of arithmetic operation and produce an output or result.
  • In other words are machines which can solve problems and manipulate
  • Hence, they can be defined as an electronic device that transforms data into information, where data can be anything like marks, name, age, sex, weight, height, etc.

Click Here! To Download Entri App and Start Preparing for Your Banking Exams!!

Basic Computer Operations

A computer carry out five major operations or functions which are :

  • Accepting instructions/data as input
  • Storing data,
  • Processing data as required by the user,
  • Giving results in the form of output, and
  • Controlling all operations inside a computer.

Input

  • The process of entering data and programs in the computer systems called input.
  • This unit takes data from us to the computer for processing.

Storage

  • All the data and instructions are stored permanently in this
  • The storage unit performs two major functions:
    • Stores all data and instructions here before and after processing.
    • Stores Intermediate results of processing temporarily.

Processing

  • Performing arithmetic and logical operations is called processing.
  • The Central Processing Unit or CPU fetches data and instructions from the storage unit and performs all sorts of calculations based on the instructions given and the type of data provided. After processing the result is sent back to the storage unit.

 Output

  • Process of producing results from the input data is called output.
  • The output stored inside the computer to produce it to the human when requested or for further processing.

Control

  • CU controls all operations like input, processing and output.
  • It is responsible for the step by step processing of all operations inside the computer.

Computer System

  • A computer system consists of three
  1. Arithmetic logical unit
  2. Control unit, and
  3. Central processing unit.
  • All these three units are called functional units.

Arithmetic Logical Unit (ALU)

  • ALU Processes the data and instructions.
  • The major operations performed by  it are logic, comparison, addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, .

 Control Unit (CU)

  • It acts like a supervisor ensuring that the things are done in proper way.
  • The control unit takes care of the order in which computer programs and instructions are executed.
  • Processes programs stored in the main memory.
  • Interprets instructions.
  • Issues signals for other units like CU to perform their functions.
  • It coordinates the activities of system’s input and output devices.

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

  • ALU and CU combine to form CPU.
  • CPU is the brain of the
  • It takes all major decisions, performs all calculations and instructs different parts of the computer.
  • The CPU interprets and executes instructions.

A computer system is a combination of peripheral devices,software and computer.

Generation Of Computers

  • The first generation computers appeared in mid-1940s.
  • The time period, during which the evolution of computer happened, can be divided into five groups:
    • First Generation (1946-59): Based on vacuum tube technology
    • Second Generation (1957-64):Transistor based technology
    • Third Generation (1965-70):Integrated circuit or IC based technology
    • Fourth Generation (1970-90):Microprocessors based technology
    • Fifth Generation (1990-till date):Bio-Chip technology

Click Here! To Download Entri App and Start Preparing for Your Banking Exams!!

Types Of Computers

Present generation computers can be categorized as follows:

Super Computer

  • Most expensive and fastest.
  • For specialized applications that require maximum example, weather forecasting requires a supercomputer.

Mainframe Computer

  • Expensive and bulky computer which can of support hundreds, or even thousands of users at a time.
  • In the hierarchy mainframes are just beneath
  • In some places, mainframes are more powerful than supercomputers as they can support simultaneous programs. whereas, supercomputers can execute a single program at a higher speed than a mainframe.

Mini Computer

  • It is a medium sized computer in size as well as
  • It is multiprocessing computer which can support 4 to 200 users at a time.

Micro Computer

  • Desktop Computer:  a computer that  fits a desk
  •  Laptop Computer: a movable complete computer with an integrated screen and keyboard .Smaller than a PC and larger than a Palmtop
  • Palmtop Computer/Notebook /Digital Diary /PDAs (Personal Digital Assistant): a  computer of the size of a palm,  does not have keyboard, but its screen works both as an input and output device.

Workstations

  • It is a terminal computer in a network.
  • Its a generic term for a user’s machine or client machine.

Hardware And Software

Hardware

  • It consists of  electronic and physical devices, which can be touched. Eg: mouse, printer, cpu etc

Software

  • Software is simply a computer program or a set of instructions given to the computer.

Types of software

They are classified into system and application software.

System software

  • System Software are general purpose programs designed to perform tasks such as controlling all operations required to move data into and out of the computer.
  • It interacts with keyboard, printer, card reader, disk, tapes, etc.
  • They acts as an interface between hardware and application software.

Application software

  • It is a set of codes, which are written to perform specific tasks of the users of computer.
  • These software are developed in HL (High level Language)to help the user to get the computer to perform various tasks.

Input And Output Unit

  • An input and output unit consists of input and output devices respectively.
  • Normally, peripheral devices are controlled by an Input and output unit.

Input Unit

  • The data is given to the computer through input devices.
  • The input devices translate the information from a natural language in which the user is working, into the machine language which can be understood by the computer.
  • Computer language is in the form of binary zeros and ones.

Output Unit

  • The output unit gives out, output data from computer via output devices and transforms the data into human readable form.
  • All the information inside the computer is in the form of zeros and ones or binary codes.
  • Output devices convert them to graphics,numbers, words,  sound and motion which we can easily understand.
  • Output devices are classified as
    • Hard copy device (Printer, Plotter, Computer Output on Micro-film)
    • Soft copy devices (Video Output,Audio Response, Monitor, Visual Display Terminal etc ).

Click Here! To Download Entri App and Start Preparing for Your Banking Exams!!

Operating System

  • An OS is a system software that acts as an interface between a user and hardware of a computer.
  • Modern OS usually feature a graphical user interface which uses a pointing device such as mouse or keyboard for input.
  • Operating Systems are viewed as asset manager that manage the resources of a computer.

The main Operating Systems are:

  • Network Operating System
  • WINDOWS 2000
  • Unix
  • Linux
  • Desktop Operating System
  • WINDOWS
  • DOS (Disc Operating System)
  • Mac OS
  • Mobile Operating System
  • Palm OS
  • Pocket PC

Characteristics Of Computer

The major characteristics of a computer are:

  • Speed
    • computer can work at high speed, calculate in seconds and process data in minutes.
  • Accuracy
    • The accuracy of computer is very high.
  • Diligence
    • It can work for hours together without getting tired .
  • Versatility
    • It can be used for a number of tasks simultaneously such as, for inventory management, preparation of electrical bills, preparation of pay cheques, etc.
  • Power of Remembering Computer
    • It can store large amount of information or data for many years.
  • Dumb Machine
    • Computer has no IQ and cannot do any work without instructions from the user.
  • Storage
    • It has in-built memory where it can store huge amount of data.
    • It can also store data in secondary storage devices such as CDs, DVDs, and pen drives which can be kept outside the computer and can be read on other computers.

Entri app provides you with best practice questions for the complete preparation of banking  exams. For the complete preparation, download the Entri app and start preparing. You can also subscribe to our Youtube channel avail the free videos with high quality.

Our R&D team provides the best material and books for the complete preparation of all banking exams. We provide PDFs of previous year question papers with solutions and detailed analysis. All you need to do is download the Entri app and start practicing.

Click Here! To Download Entri App and Start Preparing for Your Banking Exams!!

Share64SendShare
Famida

Famida

Related Posts

ielts band score
Articles

IELTS Band Score – Explained

May 17, 2023
KSEB Sub Engineer Eligibility Criteria 2023: Age Limit, Educational Qualification
Articles

KSEB Sub Engineer Eligibility Criteria 2023: Age Limit, Educational Qualification

May 17, 2023
KSEB Sub Engineer Civil Admit Card 2023 Out: Check Link, PDF
Articles

KSEB Sub Engineer Civil Admit Card 2023 Out: Check Link, PDF

May 17, 2023
Next Post
MS Windows Notes For Competitive Exams 2022

MS Windows Notes for Competitive Exams 2022

Discussion about this post

Important links

  1. IBPS PO Notification
  2. SBI Clerk Notification
  3. SBI PO Notification
  4. IBPS Clerk Notification
  5. SBI SO Recruitment
  6. Canara Bank PO Notification
  7. Indian Bank PO Notification
  8. RBI Assistant Notification
  9. RBI Office Attendant Notification
  10. IBPS RRB Notification
  11. IBPS RRB Office Assistant/Clerk Notification
  12. IBPS RRB Officer/PO Notification
  13. IBPS SO Notification
  14. Federal Bank PO Notification
  15. Baroda Bank PO Notification
  16. Bank of Baroda SO Notification
  17. South India Bank PO Notification
  18. Union Bank of India PO Notification
  19. EPFO Assistant Notification
  20. EPFO SSA Notification
  21. Federal Bank Clerk Notification
  22. SEBI Grade A Notification
  23. IDBI Executive Notification
  24. South India Bank Clerk Notification
  25. LIC Assistant Notification
  26. LIC AAO Notifications
  27. LIC ADO Notifications
  28. Kerala CSEB Notification
  29. BOB SO Notification
  30. Kerala Bank Recruitment

Practice Quiz

  1. Daily Practice Quiz 1
  2. Daily Practice Quiz 2
  3. Daily Practice Quiz 3
  4. Daily Practice Quiz 4
  5. Daily Practice Quiz 5
  6. Daily Practice Quiz 6
  7. Daily Practice Quiz 7
  8. Daily Practice Quiz 8
  9. Daily Practice Quiz 9
  10. Daily Practice Quiz 10
  • states of india and their capitals and languages

    List of 28 States of India and their Capitals and Languages 2023 – PDF Download

    150837 shares
    Share 60332 Tweet 37708
  • List of Government Banks in India 2023: All you need to know

    62286 shares
    Share 24914 Tweet 15572
  • TNPSC Group 2 Posts and Salary Details 2022

    39785 shares
    Share 15914 Tweet 9946
  • New Map of India with States and Capitals 2023

    29286 shares
    Share 11714 Tweet 7321
  • TNPSC Group 1 Job Profile 2022 with Roles and Duties

    18716 shares
    Share 7487 Tweet 4679

Recent Posts

  • IFSCA Grade A Result 2023 Out for Phase 2, Download Merit List PDF
  • Kerala PSC 12th Level Exam: All You Need to Know
  • Kerala PSC Degree Level Exam: All You Need to Know
  • Random Variables and Probability Distribution
  • Kerala PSC 10th Level Exams 2023: All You Need to Know

Courses

  • Data Science Course
  • Full Stack Developer Course
  • Data Science Course in Malayalam
  • Full Stack Developer Course in Malayalam
  • Full Stack Developer Course in Hindi
  • Full Stack Developer Course in Tamil
  • Full Stack Developer Course in Telugu
  • Full Stack Developer Course in Kannada

Company

  • Become a teacher
  • Login to Entri Web

Quick Links

  • Articles
  • Videos
  • Entri Daily Quiz Practice
  • Current Affairs & GK
  • News Capsule – eBook
  • Preparation Tips
  • Kerala PSC Gold
  • Entri Skilling

Popular Exam

  • IBPS Exam
  • SBI Exam
  • Railway RRB Exam
  • Kerala PSC
  • Tamil Nadu PSC
  • Telangana PSC
  • Andhra Pradesh PSC
  • MPPSC
  • UPPSC
  • Karnataka PSC
  • Staff Selection Commission Exam

© 2021 Entri.app - Privacy Policy | Terms of Service

No Result
View All Result
  • State PSC
    • Kerala PSC
    • TNPSC
    • APPSC
    • TSPSC
    • BPSC
    • Karnataka PSC
    • MPPSC
    • UPPSC
  • Banking
    • IBPS PO Notification
    • IBPS Clerk Notification
    • SBI PO Notification
    • SBI Clerk Notification
    • SBI SO Notification
    • SBI Apprentice Notification
    • Canara Bank PO Notification
    • Indian Bank PO Notification
    • RBI Assistant Notification
    • RBI Office Attendant Notification
    • IBPS RRB Notification
    • IBPS RRB Office Assistant Notification
  • Govt Exams
    • Railway
    • SSC
  • Skilling
    • Coding
    • Spoken English
    • Stock Marketing
  • TET
    • APTET
    • CTET
    • DSSSB
    • Karnataka TET
    • Kerala TET
    • KVS
    • MPTET
    • SUPER TET
    • TNTET
    • TSTET
    • UPTET
  • Courses
    • Data Science Course
      • Data Science Malayalam
    • Full Stack Developer Course
      • Full Stack Development Malayalam
      • Full Stack Development Hindi
      • Full Stack Development Tamil
      • Full Stack Development Telugu
      • Full Stack Development Kannada
    • Stock Market Course
      • Stock Market Course in Malayalam
      • Stock Market Course in Tamil
      • Options Trading Course
    • Spoken English Course
      • Spoken English Course in Malayalam
      • Spoken English Course in Hindi
      • Spoken English Course in Telugu
      • Spoken English Course in Tamil
      • Spoken English Course in Kannada
    • Python Programming Course
    • Practical Accounting Course
    • Quantity Surveying Course
  • Others
    • GATE
    • MAT
    • KMAT
    • UPSC

© 2021 Entri.app - Privacy Policy | Terms of Service