KAS Kerala Syllabus & Exam Pattern 2025: Prelims and Mains PDF

The Kerala PSC KAS Syllabus 2025 is crucial for candidates preparing for the Kerala Administrative Service (KAS) exam. The syllabus covers Prelims and Mains stages, including subjects like General Studies, Kerala Governance, Indian Polity, Economy, and History. Candidates can download the PDF of the official syllabus here to start their preparation effectively.

KAS Recruitment 2025 Overview

KAS Syllabus 2025 Kerala PDF

Candidates preparing for the Kerala PSC KAS 2025 exam can now access the detailed syllabus for both Prelims and Mains. Click the link below to download the official KAS 2025 syllabus PDF.

Kerala KAS Exam Pattern 2025

The Kerala PSC KAS Exam is administered in three phases, like are all PSC Exams, in the order listed below. Two written exams and one interview. In order to be qualified as KAS Officers, applicants who are applying for the KAS exam 2025 must pass each stage of the examination.

1. Preliminary Exam: Objective type (MCQs) – 200 Marks
2. Mains Exam: Essay/ Descriptive type – 300 Marks
3. Interview/Personality Test – 50 Marks

Kerala KAS Prelims 2025 Exam Pattern

First stage of the Kerala PSC KAS exam is the preliminary examination. The preliminary examination consists of two papers: Paper I & Paper II. Interested candidates can check the key preliminary exam pattern highlights of the Kerala PSC KAS exam 2025.

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Kerala KAS Mains Exam Pattern

KAS Mains examination is a descriptive examination consisting of three papers. The key highlights of the KPSC KAS Mains exam pattern are as follows:

Kerala KAS Interview

Last stage is testing the personality of the candidate. This will be of 50 marks. Candidates who qualify the mains exam will be eligible to appear for the interview/ Personality Test. The mental ability of the candidates will be tested through this interview procedure.

The selected Kerala Administrative Service officers would be on probation for two years. The probationer needs to pass the following tests after he/she gets into service within the predetermined period.

• The Revenue Test
• The Criminal Judicial Test (A candidate who possesses a degree in Law shall not be required to pass the criminal Judicial test).
• Account Test

KAS Syllabus 2025 Kerala – Detailed

Entire syllabus is available here for anyone who are interested in applying for the KAS 2025 exam. All candidates for the Kerala Administrative Service (KAS) Exam can find a detailed discussion of the Kerala PSC KAS Syllabus 2025 below.

Kerala KAS Prelims Syllabus 2025

The Kerala PSC KAS Preliminary Exam is conducted to filter candidates for the Mains exam. As per the Kerala Public Service Commission, the KAS Prelims exam consists of two papers: Paper I and Paper II.

PAPER – I

Duration: 1 hr 30 Minutes
Total Marks: 100

GENERAL STUDIES – I

(A) History (India and Kerala)

1. Ancient and Medieval Period:

   • Salient features and major landmarks of ancient and medieval India
   • Art, culture, literature, and architecture
   • Major dynasties, their administrative system, social, religious, and economic conditions, and prominent movements

2. Modern Period:

   • Modern Indian History (from the 18th century to the present) – significant events, personalities, and issues
   • India’s struggle for independence
   • Social and religious reform movements in the 19th and 20th centuries
   • India after Independence – post-independence consolidation and reorganization
   • Independent India and her neighbors

3. Kerala History (from the 18th century):

   • Pre-independence socio-political movements
   • Formation of Kerala State, political parties, movements, governments
   • Landmark legislations and policies

(B) History of the World (from the mid-18th century)

• Industrial Revolution
• World Wars
• Redrawing of national boundaries
• Colonization and decolonization
• Globalization
• Communism, Capitalism, and Socialism – their forms and effects on society

(C) Cultural Heritage of Kerala

1. Cultural heritage of Kerala – art forms, literature, sculpture, architecture, and salient features of society
2. Kerala’s tribal culture, pilgrimage centers, tourist places, folk culture, cinema, and theatre
3. History and evolution of the Malayalam language and literature

(D) Indian Constitution, Public Administration, Political System, Governance, Social Justice, and International Relations

1. Indian Constitution and its salient features
2. Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States, Parliament and State Legislatures – structure, function, power, and privileges. Issues and challenges pertaining to the federal structure – devolution of power and finances up to local levels and related challenges
3. Constitutional authorities – powers, functions, and responsibilities
4. Panchayati Raj, public policy, and governance, impact of LPG (Liberalization, Privatization, and Globalization) on governance
5. Statutory, regulatory, and quasi-judicial bodies
6. Rights issues (human rights, women’s rights, SC/ST rights, child rights, etc.), important acts
7. India’s foreign policy, international organizations, international treaties, and forums – their structure and mandate
8. Judiciary in India – structure and functions, important provisions related to emergencies and constitutional amendments, judicial review, public interest litigation (PIL), land revenue laws
9. Fundamental rights, fundamental duties, and Directive Principles of State Policy
10. Principles of Administrative Law

(E) Reasoning, Mental Ability & Simple Arithmetic

• Logical reasoning and analytical ability
• Number series, coding-decoding, and problems related to relations
• Shapes and their sub-sections, Venn diagrams
• Problems based on clocks, calendars, and age
• Simple arithmetic

(F) Geography

1. General Geography:

   • Solar system, motion of Earth, concept of time, and seasons
   • Internal structure of the Earth, major landforms, and their features
   • Atmosphere – structure and composition, elements and factors of climate, air masses and fronts, atmospheric disturbances
   • Oceans – physical, chemical, and biological characteristics, hydrological disasters, marine and continental resources

2. Physical, Social, and Economic Geography of the World, India, and Kerala

3. Geophysical Phenomena:

   • Earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanoes, cyclones, floods, and landslides

PAPER – II

Duration: 1 hr 30 Minutes
Total Marks: 100

GENERAL STUDIES – II

(A) Economy and Planning

1. Indian Economy on the Eve of Independence and Post-Reform Period

   • New economic reforms, NITI Aayog, National Income, and Per Capita Income
   • Sectoral composition (Output and Employment) – Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary
   • Development under different policy regimes (including Five-Year Plans) – Goals, Constraints, Institutions, and Policy Framework

2. Agriculture Sector

   • Land reforms in India
   • Technological changes in agriculture – Major crops and cropping patterns in various parts of the country
   • Irrigation, pricing of agricultural inputs and outputs, agricultural finance policy and marketing
   • Issues in food security and public distribution system
   • Green Revolution, policies for sustainable agriculture, and organic farming

3. Industrial Policy and Growth

   • Public sector enterprises and their performance
   • Growth and pattern of industrialization, small-scale sector, productivity in the industrial sector
   • SEZ and industrialization, foreign investment and competition policy, e-Commerce
   • Effects of liberalization on the economy

4. Infrastructure in the Indian Economy

   • Meaning and importance of infrastructure – Water supply and sanitation, energy and power, science and technology, rural and urban infrastructure
   • Ports, roads, airports, railways, telecommunication, dams, and inland waterways
   • Social impact assessment

5. Demographic Trends in India

   • Population growth rate, gender composition, rural-urban migration, literacy
   • Regional structure and trends of poverty and inequality
   • Unemployment – trends, structure, and national rural employment policies
   • Indicators of development – Physical Quality of Life Index, Human Development Index, Human Poverty Index, Gender Development Index, National Happiness Index

6. Public Finance and Monetary Policy

   • Indian public finance, government budgeting, Indian tax system
   • Public expenditure, public debt, deficit, and subsidies in the Indian economy
   • Centre-State financial relations
   • Recent fiscal and monetary policy issues and their impact
   • Structure of Indian banking and non-banking financial institutions and reforms
   • GST – concept and implications
   • Stock exchange and share market

7. Foreign Trade and Balance of Payments

   • Trends, composition, structure, and direction of India’s foreign trade
   • India’s balance of payments situation in the post-reform period

8. Economy of Kerala

   • Overview of population, major agriculture, industry, and service sector issues
   • Infrastructure and resources, major developmental projects, programs, and schemes
   • Cooperative sector
   • History and relevant policies in traditional industries
   • IT sector, Pravasi (NRK) contributions, and foreign remittances

9. Kerala Model of Development

   • Land reforms, social security, devolution of power, decentralized planning, housing, tourism
   • Women empowerment, social welfare schemes, disaster management
   • Role and function of the Kerala State Planning Board
   • Achievements of Kerala in the health and education sectors – policies, programs, initiatives, and impacts

(B) Science and Technology

1. Science and Technology – Nature and Scope

   • Relevance of science and technology
   • National policy on S&T and innovations
   • Basics of everyday science, human body, public health, and community medicine
   • Food and nutrition, healthcare
   • Institutes and organizations in India promoting S&T integration and innovation – their activities and contributions
   • Contributions of prominent Indian scientists

2. Information and Communication Technology (ICT)

   • Nature and scope of ICT, its role in daily life, industry, and governance
   • Various government schemes promoting the use of ICT
   • e-Governance programs and services
   • Netiquette and cyber security concerns – National Cyber Crime Policy
   • Management Information Systems (MIS)
   • Artificial Intelligence – benefits and impacts, robotics

3. Technology in Space and Defense

   • Evolution of the Indian Space Program
   • ISRO – its activities and achievements
   • Various satellite programs
   • DRDO – vision, mission, and activities

4. Energy Requirement and Efficiency

   • India’s existing energy needs and deficit
   • India’s energy resources and dependence
   • Renewable and non-renewable energy resources
   • Energy policy of India – government policies and programs
   • Energy security and nuclear policy of India

5. Environmental Science

   • Issues and concerns related to the environment, its legal aspects, policies, and treaties for environmental protection at national and international levels
   • Environmental protection for sustainable development
   • Biodiversity – its importance and concerns
   • Climate change and international initiatives (policies, protocols), India’s commitment
   • Western Ghats – features, characteristics, and issues
   • Forest and wildlife – legal framework for conservation in India
   • Environmental hazards, pollution, carbon emissions, global warming
   • National action plans on climate change and disaster management
   • Developments in biotechnology, green technology, and nanotechnology

(C) Current Events

• Latest developments in politics, economy, science and technology, environment, and international affairs
• National and international events of significance
• Government policies and schemes
• Awards, honors, sports, and cultural events

(D) Language Proficiency –

English

1. Tenses
2. Synonyms
3. Phrasal Verbs
4. Antonyms
5. Error Correction
6. Adjectives
7. Adverbs
8. Reported Speech
9. Active Voice
10. Passive Voice
11. Auxiliary Verb
12. Question Tag
13. Degrees of Comparison
14. Punctuation
15. Idioms and Phrases
16. Simple, Compound, and Complex Sentences
17. Connectives
18. Prepositional Verbs
19. Prepositions
20. Concord
21. Pronouns – 9 types
22. Word Order and Sentence Order

Malayalam

1. പദശുദ്ധി
2. വാക്യശുദ്ധി
3. പരിഭാഷ
4. ഒറ്റപദം
5. പര്യായപദം
6. വിപരീത പദം
7. ശൈലികൾ, പഴഞ്ചൊല്ലുകൾ
8. സമാനപദം
9. ചേർത്ത് എഴുതുക
10. സ്ത്രീലിംഗം, പുല്ലിംഗം
11. വചനം
12. പിരിച്ചെഴുത്ത്
13. ഘടകപദം (വാക്യം ചേർത്ത് എഴുതുക)
14. ഭരണഭാഷയുമായി ബന്ധപ്പെട്ട ഖണ്ഡിക നൽകി അതിന്റെ അടിസ്ഥാനത്തിൽ ചോദ്യങ്ങൾ
15. ഔദ്യോഗിക ഭാഷാ പദാവലി, വിപുലനം, സംഗ്രഹം

Kannada

1. Word Purity / Correct Word
2. Correct Sentence
3. Translation
4. One Word / Single Word / One Word Substitution
5. Synonyms
6. Antonyms
7. Idioms and Proverbs
8. Equivalent Word
9. Join the Word
10. Feminine Gender, Masculine Gender
11. Number
12. Sort and Write
13. Add Phrases
14. Comprehension

Tamil

1. Correct Word
2. Correct Structure of Sentence
3. Translation
4. Single Word
5. Synonyms
6. Antonyms / Opposite
7. Phrases and Proverbs
8. Equal Word
9. Join the Word
10. Gender Classification – Feminine, Masculine
11. Singular, Plural
12. Separate
13. Add Phrases
14. Comprehension.

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Apart from a few additional topics, the syllabus for both the Kerala PSC KAS Preliminary and Mains exam is mostly the same. The detailed syllabus is given below:

PAPER – I

Maximum Marks: 100
Duration: 2 Hours

GENERAL STUDIES

(A) History (India and Kerala)

1. Ancient and Medieval Period:

   • Salient features and major landmarks of ancient and medieval India.
   • Art, culture, literature, and architecture.
   • Major dynasties, their administrative systems, social, religious, and economic conditions, and prominent movements.

2. Modern Period:

   • Modern Indian History (from the 18th century onwards).

PAPER – II

Maximum Marks: 100
Duration: 2 Hours

GENERAL STUDIES

(A) Indian Constitution, Public Administration, Political System, Governance, Social Justice, and International Relations

1. Indian Constitution and its salient features.
2. Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States, Parliament, and State Legislatures – structure, function, power, and privileges. Issues and challenges pertaining to the federal structure – devolution of power and finances up to local levels and challenges therein.
3. Constitutional authorities – powers, functions, and responsibilities.
4. Panchayati Raj, Public Policy and Governance, Impact of LPG on Governance.
5. Statutory, regulatory, and quasi-judicial bodies.
6. Rights Issues (Human rights, Women’s rights, SC/ST rights, Child rights, etc.), Important Acts.
7. India’s foreign policy, international organizations, international treaties, and forums, their structure, and mandate.
8. Judiciary in India – Structure and functions, important provisions relating to emergencies and constitutional amendments, judicial review, Public Interest Litigation, and land revenue laws.
9. Fundamental rights, fundamental duties, and Directive Principles.
10. Principles of Administrative Law.

(B) Science and Technology

1. Science and Technology:

   • Nature and scope of science and technology.
   • Relevance of S&T, National policy on S&T and innovations.
   • Basics of everyday science.
   • Human body, public health, and community medicine.
   • Food and nutrition, healthcare.
   • Institutes and organizations in India promoting integration of S&T and innovation, their activities, and contributions.
   • Contribution of prominent Indian scientists.

2. ICT:

   • Nature and scope of ICT.
   • ICT in day-to-day life, ICT in industry, ICT in governance.
   • Various government schemes promoting the use of ICT, e-Governance programs, and services.
   • Netiquettes, cyber security concerns – National Cyber Crime Policy, MIS.
   • Artificial Intelligence – benefits and impacts, robotics.

3. Technology in Space and Defence:

   • Evolution of the Indian Space Programme, ISRO – its activities and achievements.
   • Various satellite programs, DRDO – vision, mission, and activities.

4. Energy Requirement and Efficiency:

   • India’s existing energy needs and deficit, India’s energy resources and dependence.
   • Renewable and non-renewable energy resources.
   • Energy Policy of India – Government policies and programs.
   • Energy security and nuclear policy of India.

5. Environmental Science:

   • Issues and concerns related to the environment, legal aspects, policies, and treaties for the protection of the environment at the national and international levels.
   • Environment protection for sustainable development.
   • Biodiversity – its importance and concerns.
   • Climate change, international initiatives (policies, protocols), and India’s commitment.
   • Western Ghats – features, characteristics, and issues.
   • Forest and wildlife – Legal framework for forest and wildlife conservation in India.
   • Environmental hazards, pollution, carbon emission, and global warming.
   • National action plans on climate change and disaster management.
   • Developments in biotechnology, green technology, and nanotechnology.

(C) Current Issues in Given Topics

PAPER – III

Maximum Marks: 100
Duration: 2 Hours

GENERAL STUDIES

(A) Economy and Planning

1. Indian Economy on the Eve of Independence:

   • Indian economy in the post-reform period – new economic reforms, NITI Aayog.
   • National income and per capita income.
   • Sectoral composition (Output and Employment) – Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary.
   • Development under different policy regimes (including Five Year Plans) – goals, constraints, institutions, and policy framework.

2. Agriculture Sector:

   • Land reforms in India, technological changes in agriculture.
   • Major crops and cropping patterns in various parts of the country.
   • Irrigation, pricing of agricultural inputs and outputs.
   • Agricultural finance policy and marketing.
   • Issues in food security and the Public Distribution System.
   • Green Revolution, policies for sustainable agriculture, and organic farming.

3. Industrial Policy:

   • Public sector enterprises and their performance.
   • Growth and pattern of industrialization, small-scale sector.
   • Productivity in the industrial sector, SEZ and industrialization.
   • Foreign investment and competition policy.
   • e-Commerce, effects of liberalization on the economy.

4. Infrastructure in the Indian Economy:

   • Meaning and importance of infrastructure – water supply and sanitation, energy and power, science and technology.
   • Rural and urban infrastructure, ports, roads, airports, railways, telecommunication, dams, inland waterways.
   • Social impact assessment.

5. Trends and Patterns in the Structure of Population Over Time:

   • Growth rate, gender, rural-urban migration, literacy.
   • Regional structure and trends of poverty and inequality.
   • Unemployment – trends, structure, and national rural employment policies.
   • Indicators of development – Physical Quality of Life Index, Human Development Index, Human Poverty Index, Gender Development Index, National Happiness Index.

6. Indian Public Finance:

   • Government budgeting, Indian tax system, public expenditure.
   • Public debt, deficit, and subsidies in the Indian economy.
   • Centre-state financial relations.
   • Recent fiscal and monetary policy issues and their impact.
   • Structure of Indian banking and non-banking financial institutions and reforms.
   • GST: Concept and implications.
   • Stock exchange and share market.

7. Foreign Trade and Balance of Payments:

   • Trend, composition, structure, and direction of India’s foreign trade.
   • India’s balance of payments situation in the post-reform period.

8. Kerala State Economy – An Overview:

   • Population, major agriculture, industry, service sector issues.
   • Infrastructure and resources, major developmental projects, programs, and schemes.
   • Cooperative sector.
   • History and relevant policies in traditional industries, IT sector, Pravasi and foreign remittance.

9. Kerala Model Development:

   • Land reforms, social security, devolution of power, decentralized planning.
   • Housing, tourism, women empowerment, social welfare schemes, disaster management.
   • Role and function of the Kerala Planning Board.
   • Achievements of Kerala in the health and education sectors – policies, programs, initiatives, and impacts.

(B) Geography

1. General Geography:

   • Solar system, motion of the Earth, concept of time, seasons.
   • Internal structure of the Earth, major landforms, and their features.
   • Atmosphere – structure and composition, elements and factors of climate.
   • Air masses and fronts, atmospheric disturbances.
   • Oceans – physical, chemical, and biological characteristics.
   • Hydrological disasters, marine and continental resources.

2. Physical, Social, and Economic Geography of World, India, and Kerala.

3. Geophysical Phenomena:

   • Earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanoes, cyclones, floods, and landslides.

(C) Current Issues in Economy, Planning & Geography